Abstract: A negative electrode material for a lithium-ion secondary battery includes graphite particles satisfying the following Formula (1): [Springback rate×7.6]+[Compressive load (kN/cm2)]?4.2??(1).

Abstract: An optical gate switch circuit includes: an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer having an optical path that outputs control light and probe light to a second optical directional coupler via a first optical directional coupler and an optical phase modulation element, and another optical path that connects a third optical directional coupler to which the probe light is input, to the second optical directional coupler via a variable optical attenuator and an optical phase shifter; and a bandpass filter connected to the second optical directional coupler.

Abstract: An optical gate switch circuit includes: an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer having an optical path that outputs control light and probe light to a second optical directional coupler via a first optical directional coupler and an optical phase modulation element, and another optical path that connects a third optical directional coupler to which the probe light is input, to the second optical directional coupler via a variable optical attenuator and an optical phase shifter; and a bandpass filter connected to the second optical directional coupler.

Abstract: An optical phase modulation circuit includes an optical phase modulation element, an optical bandpass filter, and an optical directional coupler, wherein control light with a wavelength of ?C is coupled with probe light with a wavelength of ?P using the optical directional coupler and input to the optical phase modulation element, the probe light that has been phase modulated by the optical phase modulation element is extracted through the optical band pass filter, and the phase of the probe light is modulated in response to the intensity of the control light.

Abstract: An optical phase modulation circuit includes an optical phase modulation element, an optical bandpass filter, and an optical directional coupler, wherein control light with a wavelength of ?C is coupled with probe light with a wavelength of ?P using the optical directional coupler and input to the optical phase modulation element, the probe light that has been phase modulated by the optical phase modulation element is extracted through the optical bandpass filter, and the phase of the probe light is modulated in response to the intensity of the control light.

Abstract: A method for diagnosing Crohn's disease by detecting the presence of immunoglobulins, reactive with an amylase, in a specimen by an immunologic or enzymologic method using the amylase, and a test kit for this method.

Abstract: Described is a method of removing and reducing HCV from the blood of an HCV-infected patient, which comprises carrying out, once a day for at least 5 straight days, a treatment of bringing the blood into contact with an adsorptive carrier having a higher affinity for infected, activated and/or defective leukocytes than for uninfected leukocytes. The treatment according to the present invention makes it possible to markedly reduce the blood HCV level of a patient suffering from Hepatitis C, thereby enabling antiviral therapy, for example, treatment with interferon. This brings a drastic improvement in the cure rate for Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Described is a method of removing and reducing HCV from the blood of an HCV-infected patient, which comprises carrying out, once a day for at least 5 straight days, a treatment of bringing the blood into contact with an adsorptive carrier having a higher affinity for infected, activated and/or defective leukocytes than for uninfected leukocytes. The treatment according to the present invention makes it possible to markedly reduce the blood HCV level of a patient suffering from Hepatitis C, thereby enabling antiviral therapy, for example, treatment with interferon. This brings a drastic improvement in the cure rate for Hepatitis C.