Abstract: A heat generating device includes a container, a heat generating element, and a heater. A hydrogen-based gas contributing to heat generation is introduced into the container. The heat generating element is provided inside the container. The heater is configured to heat the heat generating element. The heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a proton conductor, and a multilayer film provided on a surface of the base. The multilayer film having a stacking configuration of: a first layer that is made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, and a second layer that is made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or ceramics different from that of the first layer. The first layer and the second layer have a layer shape with a thickness of less than 1000 nm.

Abstract: A heat generating method includes: heating, with a heater, a heat generating element and causing a first heat generating reaction in which the heat generating element generates heat with a first heat generation amount and triggering a second heat generating reaction in which the heat generating element generates heat with a second heat generation amount larger than the first heat generation amount, by imparting a perturbation to an input power to be applied to the heater in a state where the first heat generating reaction is occurring. The heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a proton conductor, and a multilayer film provided on a surface of the base, with a stacked configuration of a first layer and a second layer made of different materials and both having a thickness of less than 1,000 nm.

Abstract: A heat generating system includes a heat-generating element cell and a circulation device. The heat-generating element cell includes a container having a recovery port and a discharge port, and a reactant that is provided in the container, is made from a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, has metal nanoparticles on a surface of the reactant. The heat-generating element cell generates excess heat when hydrogen-based gas contributing to heat generation is supplied into the container and hydrogen atoms are occluded in the metal nanoparticles. The circulation device circulates the hydrogen-based gas in the heat-generating element cell. The circulation device includes a circulating passage that is provided outside the container and connects the recovery port to the discharge port, a pump circulates the hydrogen-based gas in the container via the circulating passage, and a filter on the circulating passage adsorbs and removes the impurities in the hydrogen-based gas.

Abstract: A heat generating device includes a container, a heat generating element disposed inside the container, a heater for heating the heat generating element, a conductive wire part connecting a wall portion of the container and the heater, a hydrogen supply unit for supplying a hydrogen-containing hydrogen-based gas to the heat generating element, and a vacuum evacuation unit for evacuating the container. Formula (1) is satisfied: AHC?eq(TH?TW)+As?eq?(TS4?TW4)+Pm<Hex ??(1), where TH is heater temperature, TW is external environmental temperature, AHC is equivalent heat conduction area, keq is equivalent thermal conductivity, Leq is equivalent thermal conduction length, AS is sample radiation surface area, TS is sample surface temperature, ?eq is equivalent emissivity, ? is Stefan-Boltzmann constant, Pm is energy required for maintaining operation, Hex is thermal energy generated by the heat generating element, and ?eq is (keq/Leq).

Abstract: A heat generating device includes: a sealed container; a tubular body provided in a hollow portion of the sealed container; a heat generating element provided on an outer surface of the tubular body and configured to generate heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen supplied to the hollow portion; and a flow path formed by an inner surface of the tubular body and through which configured to allow a fluid that exchanges heat with the heat generating element to flow. The heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, and a multilayer film provided on the base. The multilayer film has a first layer made of a hydrogen storage metal and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm, and a second layer made of a hydrogen storage metal, which is different from that of the first layer, and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm.

Abstract: Provided are a novel heat utilization system and heat generating device that utilize an inexpensive, clean, and safe heat energy source. A heat utilization system 10 includes a heat-generating element 14 configured to generate heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen, a sealed container 15 having a first chamber 21 and a second chamber 22 partitioned by the heat-generating element 14, and a temperature adjustment unit 16 configured to adjust a temperature of the heat-generating element 14. The first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 have different hydrogen pressures. The heat-generating element 14 includes a support element 61 made of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen permeable film, and a proton conductor, and a multilayer film 62 supported by the support element 61.

Abstract: Provided are a novel heat utilization system and heat generating device that utilize an inexpensive, clean, and safe heat energy source. A heat utilization system 10 includes a heat-generating element 14 configured to generate heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen, a sealed container 15 having a first chamber 21 and a second chamber 22 partitioned by the heat-generating element 14, and a temperature adjustment unit 16 configured to adjust a temperature of the heat-generating element 14. The first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 have different hydrogen pressures. The heat-generating element 14 includes a support element 61 made of at least one of a porous body, a hydrogen permeable film, and a proton conductor, and a multilayer film 62 supported by the support element 61.

Abstract: A heat utilization system according to the invention includes: a sealed container into which a hydrogen-based gas is supplied; a heat generating structure that is accommodated in the sealed container and includes a heat generating element that is configured to generate heat by occluding and discharging hydrogen contained in the hydrogen-based gas; and a heat utilization device that utilizes, as a heat source, a heat medium heated by the heat of the heat generating element. The heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a proton conductor, and a multilayer film provided on the base. The multilayer film has a first layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm and a second layer made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, which is different from that of the first layer, or ceramics and having a thickness of less than 1000 nm.

Abstract: A heat generating device includes a container, a heat generating element, and a heater. A hydrogen-based gas contributing to heat generation is introduced into the container. The heat generating element is provided inside the container. The heater is configured to heat the heat generating element. The heat generating element includes a base made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or a proton conductor, and a multilayer film provided on a surface of the base. The multilayer film having a stacking configuration of: a first layer that is made of a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, and a second layer that is made of a hydrogen storage metal, a hydrogen storage alloy, or ceramics different from that of the first layer. The first layer and the second layer have a layer shape with a thickness of less than 1000 nm.

Abstract: A heat generating system (1) of the present invention controls an excess heat output from heat-generating element cells (16) that are generating excess heat as a result of the heat generation reaction among the plurality of heat-generating element cells (16) by increasing the number of heat generation reaction positions, and therefore even if the other heat-generating element cells (16) do not generate excess heat due to insufficient heat generation reaction, the heat-generating element cells (16) in which the heat generation reaction is certainly occurring can compensate for insufficient amount of heat to be recovered, thereby capable of stably obtaining heat using the heat-generating element cells (16) each of which generates heat using a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an image pickup portion configured to pick up an image of a subject and output the image as an electrical signal, a processor configured to perform, on the electrical signal, a signal correction that converts the electrical signal into a signal of a video format that is compatible with a signal processed by the image processing apparatus, and an image processing portion configured to perform image processing on the electrical signal after the signal correction. An E/O converter that converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, an optical fiber that transmits the optical signal, and an O/E converter that converts the optical signal into the electrical signal, are arranged in at least one of between the image pickup portion and the processor, and between the processor and the image processing portion.

Abstract: A heat generating system includes a heat-generating element cell and a circulation device. The heat-generating element cell includes a container having a recovery port and a discharge port, and a reactant that is provided in the container, is made from a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy, has metal nanoparticles on a surface of the reactant. The heat-generating element cell generates excess heat when hydrogen-based gas contributing to heat generation is supplied into the container and hydrogen atoms are occluded in the metal nanoparticles. The circulation device circulates the hydrogen-based gas in the heat-generating element cell. The circulation device includes a circulating passage that is provided outside the container and connects the recovery port to the discharge port, a pump circulates the hydrogen-based gas in the container via the circulating passage, and a filter on the circulating passage adsorbs and removes the impurities in the hydrogen-based gas.

Abstract: A heat generating system (1) of the present invention controls an excess heat output from heat-generating element cells (16) that are generating excess heat as a result of the heat generation reaction among the plurality of heat-generating element cells (16) by increasing the number of heat generation reaction positions, and therefore even if the other heat-generating element cells (16) do not generate excess heat due to insufficient heat generation reaction, the heat-generating element cells (16) in which the heat generation reaction is certainly occurring can compensate for insufficient amount of heat to be recovered, thereby capable of stably obtaining heat using the heat-generating element cells (16) each of which generates heat using a hydrogen storage metal or a hydrogen storage alloy.

Abstract: A video output apparatus includes: a video signal processing section that generates a first video signal having a first resolution; a first text superimposing section that superimposes first textual information on the first video signal; a first output section that outputs the first video signal with the first textual information superimposed; a reduction processing section that receives the first video signal and generates a second video signal having a second resolution that is lower than the first resolution; a second text superimposing section that superimposes second textual information on the second video signal; and a second output section that outputs the second video signal with the second textual information superimposed.

Abstract: A transmission system includes: a first timing signal generation unit; a second timing signal generation unit; a timing adjustment unit; a transmission processing unit; a first valid data generation unit which receives a first timing signal, receives only data according to valid timing of the first timing signal in a first image signal from a process signal to generate a first valid image signal, and receives only data according to valid timing of the first timing signal in a second image signal and a second timing signal from the process signal to output the received second image signal and the received second timing signal; and a second valid data generation unit which receives the second timing signal from the first valid data generation unit and receives only data according to valid timing of the second timing signal in the second image signal to generate a second valid image signal.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes: a signal processing apparatus that performs processing on an output signal outputted from an endoscope; a detecting section configured to detect a type of the endoscope; a function setting section configured to set a plurality of functions in the endoscope system; an input section configured to input data to the function setting section; an output section configured to output a list of setting states of the plurality of functions to a display section; and a storing section configured to store recommended setting data corresponding to the plurality of functions, wherein the function setting section sets the signal processing apparatus to selected one of the setting corresponding to the type of the endoscope and a setting recommended by the recommended setting data, according to an input from the input section, and sets the plurality of functions according to the type of the endoscope.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an image pickup portion configured to pick up an image of a subject and output the image as an electrical signal, a processor configured to perform, on the electrical signal, a signal correction that converts the electrical signal into a signal of a video format that is compatible with a signal processed by the image processing apparatus, and an image processing portion configured to perform image processing on the electrical signal after the signal correction. An E/O converter that converts the electrical signal into an optical signal, an optical fiber that transmits the optical signal, and an O/E converter that converts the optical signal into the electrical signal, are arranged in at least one of between the image pickup portion and the processor, and between the processor and the image processing portion.

Abstract: An imaging system includes: an optical unit; an imaging device configured to capture an optical image imaged by the optical unit; and a processing device configured to perform image processing on image data transmitted from the imaging device. The processing device includes: a data acquisition unit configured to acquire view angle correction data from a first storage unit; and a correction unit configured to correct at least one of first image data and second image data based on the view angle correction data acquired by the data acquisition unit such that a view angle of a first image corresponding to the first image data and a view angle of a second image corresponding to the second image data match each other, and a size of the first image and a size of the second image match each other.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes: a signal processing apparatus that performs processing on an output signal outputted from an endoscope; a detecting section configured to detect a type of the endoscope; a function setting section configured to set a plurality of functions in the endoscope system; an input section configured to input data to the function setting section; an output section configured to output a list of setting states of the plurality of functions to a display section; and a storing section configured to store recommended setting data corresponding to the plurality of functions, wherein the function setting section sets the signal processing apparatus to selected one of the setting corresponding to the type of the endoscope and a setting recommended by the recommended setting data, according to an input from the input section, and sets the plurality of functions according to the type of the endoscope.

Abstract: A video output apparatus includes: a video signal processing section that generates a first video signal having a first resolution; a first text superimposing section that superimposes first textual information on the first video signal; a first output section that outputs the first video signal with the first textual information superimposed; a reduction processing section that receives the first video signal and generates a second video signal having a second resolution that is lower than the first resolution; a second text superimposing section that superimposes second textual information on the second video signal; and a second output section that outputs the second video signal with the second textual information superimposed.