Abstract: Efficient acquisition of information to adjust a cooking environment for providing a fried food with good taste is realized by determining the cooking environment in advance based on a state of edible oil. A determination device for determining a cooking environment of an edible oil, comprising: an imaging section configured to acquire an image in which the edible oil is captured; a first input section configured to input first information which is information on a fried food to be fed into the edible oil and cooked; a first identification section configured to analyze the image and identify a state of the edible oil; and a second identification section configured to identify the cooking environment in which the fried food is to be cooked based on the first information and the state.

Abstract: A control apparatus is used for an optical apparatus that includes a movable optical element, an operation ring that is endlessly rotatable, and a driver configured to drive the optical element. The control apparatus includes an operation start detector configured to detect a start of an operation of the operation ring, and a drive controller configured to control the driver. The drive controller sets a rotational position of the operation ring and the position of the optical element to a ring reference position and an optical element reference position respectively when the start of the operation of the operation ring is detected. The drive controller controls the driver in accordance with a drive amount of the optical element calculated with an operational amount of the operation ring from the ring reference position, and the optical element reference position.

Abstract: A control apparatus is used for an optical apparatus that includes a movable optical element, an operation ring that is endlessly rotatable, and a driver configured to drive the optical element. The control apparatus includes an operation start detector configured to detect a start of an operation of the operation ring, and a drive controller configured to control the driver. The drive controller sets a rotational position of the operation ring and the position of the optical element to a ring reference position and an optical element reference position respectively when the start of the operation of the operation ring is detected. The drive controller controls the driver in accordance with a drive amount of the optical element calculated with an operational amount of the operation ring from the ring reference position, and the optical element reference position.

Abstract: In an optical apparatus, when a magnification varying lens is located at a first zoom position, a display unit displays information indicative of an object distance acquired based on the electronic cam data, the first zoom position, and a position of a focusing device detected while the magnification varying lens is being located at the first zoom position. In a period for the position of the magnification varying lens to change from the first zoom position to a second zoom position, the display unit displays the information indicative of the object distance acquired based on the electronic cam data, a zoom position detected by the zoom position detector, and the position of the focusing device at the detected zoom position, which has been calculated based on the electronic cam data and the position of the focusing device corresponding to the first zoom position.

Abstract: In an optical apparatus, when a magnification varying lens is located at a first zoom position, a display unit displays information indicative of an object distance acquired based on the electronic cam data, the first zoom position, and a position of a focusing device detected while the magnification varying lens is being located at the first zoom position. In a period for the position of the magnification varying lens to change from the first zoom position to a second zoom position, the display unit displays the information indicative of the object distance acquired based on the electronic cam data, a zoom position detected by the zoom position detector, and the position of the focusing device at the detected zoom position, which has been calculated based on the electronic cam data and the position of the focusing device corresponding to the first zoom position.

Abstract: A halogenating agent is added to a mixture including a base, a fluoroalkylcarboxylic acid derivative and an acrylate derivative to produce a fluoroaclyacetic acid derivative represented by the following Formula (3): wherein Rf represents a fluorine containing alkyl group, R1 and R2 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group or an acyl group, or together represent an atomic group that forms a 5- or 6-membered ring containing a nitrogen atom to which R1 and R2 are bonded; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an arylalkyl group; and R4 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an aryl alkyl group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for commercially producing 2-alkenyl-3-aminothiophene derivatives, which are useful as intermediates for agricultural chemicals, at low cost. Specifically disclosed is a method for introducing alkenyl groups into the 2-position of 3-aminothiophene derivatives by reacting 3-aminothiophene derivatives represented by the general formula (2) below or salts thereof with a ketone represented by the general formula (1) below without using a protecting group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative and a method for producing the same, and a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarboxylic acid derivative obtained by using the fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative and a method for producing the same. A fluorine-containing acyacrylonitrile derivative prepared from a fluoroacyl derivative and an aminoacrylonitrile derivative, is reacted with a hydrazine derivative to produce a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative represented by Formula (1). In Formula (1), Rf represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and substituted with at least one fluorine atom; R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the like. The fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative represented by Formula (1) is reacted with water to produce a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarboxylic acid derivative.

Abstract: A halogenating agent is added to a mixture including a base, a fluoroalkylcarboxylic acid derivative and an acrylate derivative to produce a fluoroaclyacetic acid derivative represented by the following Formula (3): wherein Rf represents a fluorine containing alkyl group, R1 and R2 represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group or an acyl group, or together represent an atomic group that forms a 5- or 6-membered ring containing a nitrogen atom to which R1 and R2 are bonded; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an arylalkyl group; and R4 represents an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or an aryl alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative and a method for producing the same, and a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarboxylic acid derivative obtained by using the fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative and a method for producing the same. A fluorine-containing acyacrylonitrile derivative prepared from a fluoroacyl derivative and an aminoacrylonitrile derivative, is reacted with a hydrazine derivative to produce a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative represented by Formula (1). In Formula (1), Rf represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and substituted with at least one fluorine atom; R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the like. The fluorine-containing pyrazolecarbonitrile derivative represented by Formula (1) is reacted with water to produce a fluorine-containing pyrazolecarboxylic acid derivative.

Abstract: The invention provides a 2-fluorinated acyl-3-aminoacrylonitrile derivative, and a method for producing the same. A desired 2-fluorinated acyl-3-aminoacrylonitrile derivative represented by the following Formula (3) is obtained by reacting a fluorinated acyl derivative with an aminoacrylonitrile derivative. In Formula (3), Rf represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which is substituted with at least one fluorine atom, R1 and R2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the like, and R3 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a 2-alkyl-3-aminothiophene derivative represented by formula (2) by reducing at least one of the 2-alkenyl-3-aminothiophene derivatives represented by formulae (1a) to (1d), or a mixture thereof, or a salt thereof, without using a protecting group for an amino group: wherein in formulae (1a) to (1d), R1 to R4 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or the like; and R5 and R6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or the like. According to the invention, a 2-alkyl-3-aminothiophene derivative usable as an intermediate of agricultural chemicals can be produced by a cost-efficient industrial process, without the use of a high-cost protective group for an amino group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for commercially producing 2-alkenyl-3-aminothiophene derivatives, which are useful as intermediates for agricultural chemicals, at low cost. Specifically disclosed is a method for introducing alkenyl groups into the 2-position of 3-aminothiophene derivatives by reacting 3-aminothiophene derivatives represented by the general formula (2) below or salts thereof with a ketone represented by the general formula (1) below without using a protecting group.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a novel fungicide which exhibits a wide controlling spectrum against pathogens of various crops, and solves the toleration problem.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide herbicides which are completely selective to crops such as paddy rice, soybeans and cotton and have an excellent herbicidal activity on weeds.The invention relates to ether compounds of the general formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 have the same meanings as defined in the text and herbicides containing said compounds as active components.