Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a highly-reliable combined heater. Heater 1 includes hot water pipe 1a for allowing hot water to flow therethrough, and metal pipe 1b that is coaxial with hot water pipe 1a and that is secured in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the hot water pipe.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,2,4,5-dimethyldiisopropylbenzene includes conducting alkylation of p-xylene with propylene to produce an alkylation product, and crystallizing the alkylation product. A heteropolyacid-supported catalyst can be used as an alkylation catalyst for the reaction. The reaction solution produced from the alkylation reaction can be distilled before crystallization to improve yield and purity even more.

Abstract: An alkenylsuccinic acid emulsion sizing agent having a solid concentration of at least 30% by weight, which comprises an active component comprising:(1) from 70 to 95 parts by weight of an alkenylsuccinic acid obtained by reacting a branched internal olefin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms with maleic anhydride; and(2) from 5 to 30 parts by weight of an oxidized wax; andwherein the active component is dispersed in water using a high-molecular weight dispersion stabilizer or a mixed system of a high-molecular weight dispersion stabilizer with an emulsifier.

Abstract: An alkenylsuccinic emulsion sizing agent comprising an active component comprising a mixture of(1) from 50 to 100 parts by weight of an alkenylsuccinic acid obtained by reacting a linear internal olefin having 10 to 14 carbon atoms with maleic anhydride; and(2) from 0 to 50 parts by weight of one or more components selected from the group consisting of rosin, rosin derivatives, tall oil, fatty acids, petroleum resins and paraffin wax; andwherein the active component is dispersed in water using an emulsifier and/or a high-molecular weight dispersion stabilizer.

Abstract: In a rear combination lamp assembly for a vehicle, a plurality of LEDs capable of being turned on and off independently of each other are mounted on a first printed circuit board. A plate-like lens element and a second printed circuit board are arranged with the first printed circuit board located between them. A control circuitry is mounted on the second printed circuit board, for selectively turning on and off the LEDs to display various patterns on a matrix display formed by the LEDs. The first printed circuit board, the lens element and the second printed circuit board are held in a united fashion.