Abstract: An apparatus and method for testing the connectivity of subscriber terminals more efficiently. A subscriber test controller controls a process of a subscriber test by sending related test parameters and identification data to identify a target subscriber to be tested. A subscriber data management unit collects subscriber data and centrally manages the collected subscriber data. A target subscriber determination unit identifies the target subscriber by using the identification data in searching the subscriber data. A subscriber test execution unit receives the test parameters through a transmission path routed separately from trunks interconnecting the telecommunications devices, and runs a subscriber test according to the received test parameters.

Abstract: In a method of producing ferroelectric metal oxide crystalline particles, used is an apparatus including a particle producing device, a heat treatment device and a particle collecting device. The particle producing device produces nanoparticles of a ferroelectric metal oxide from a particle source placed in a vessel by a laser ablation method, in which the particle source is irradiated with a laser beam emitted by a laser device, and the nanoparticles are dispersed in an oxygen atmosphere (gas phase). The nanoparticles produced in the vessel and dispersed in a carrier gas is supplied through a connecting pipe into a vessel included in the heat treatment device. The heat treatment device processes the nanoparticles by a heat treatment that heats the nanoparticles dispersed in the oxygen gas atmosphere at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time while the nanoparticles flow together with the carrier gas through the vessel.

Abstract: A subscriber system transmission apparatus has a line concentrating capability which is performed a relatively simple efficient redundant structure for increased overall system reliability. A remote terminal has a mode selector for switching between modes of operation such that when a remote terminal line concentrating and connecting unit suffers a fault, no line concentrating process is effected on a call from a subscriber's terminal, and the call is connected directly to a trunk transmission line by a bypassing unit. When the remote terminal line concentrating and connecting unit suffers a fault, since the call is not subjected to a line concentrating process in the remote terminal, the call from the remote terminal is subjected to a line concentrating process by a central terminal line concentrating and connecting unit in a central terminal.