Abstract: An improved system and method for attaching an optical fiber to a fiber array substrate involving adhesive-bonding an optical fiber's cladding directly to the substrate is disclosed.

Abstract: A cylinder apparatus comprises a piston which is displaced along a cylinder tube under the driving action of a driving section provided for a main cylinder body, while the piston is displaced under the pressing action of a pressure fluid supplied to the cylinder tube. The amount of the pressure fluid supplied to the main cylinder body is increased before a workpiece is engaged with a table section arranged at an end of the main cylinder body so that pressing force, which is applied to the piston, is increased. Accordingly, driving load, which is exerted on the driving section when the workpiece is engaged with the table section, is reduced.

Abstract: To form a surface shape of an etching object in a short time at low cost, and to make the surface shape to be formed highly accurate. An apparatus for forming a surface shape includes a resist forming device for forming a resist of a predetermined shape on a predetermined surface of the etching object, and an etching device for performing etching to the predetermined surface of the etching object on which the resist is formed. The resist forming device includes a resist attaching device for attaching a resist material to a predetermined surface of the etching object, and a laser irradiating device for irradiating a laser beam to the attached resist material so as to remove a part thereof to a thereby shape it into a predetermined shape.

Abstract: It is to manufacture uniform and high-quality structural bodies which face no quality changes due to mechanical process. There is provided a surface forming apparatus that comprises a surface forming device for performing surface forming process to a prescribed structural body, wherein the surface forming device is an irradiation device that irradiates, to the structural body, an energy beam with a prescribed irradiation energy, which can be irradiated in a specific direction.

Abstract: To form a surface shape of an etching object in a short time at low cost, and to make the surface shape to be formed highly accurate. An apparatus for forming a surface shape includes a resist forming device for forming a resist of a predetermined shape on a predetermined surface of the etching object, and an etching device for performing etching to the predetermined surface of the etching object on which the resist is formed. The resist forming device includes a resist discharging device for forming a resist of a predetermined shape by discharging a resist material to the predetermined surface of the etching object.

Abstract: There is suppressed deterioration of transmission quality resulting from FWM light generated in the optical fiber of an optical transmission apparatus that performs wavelength division multiplex transmission. To suppress deterioration of the transmission quality due to the FWM light, the sender apparatus adjusts the intensity of wavelength-division-multiplexed light output to the optical fiber, according to a level of FWM crosstalk observed by receiver apparatus.

Abstract: When a controller connected via IEEE 1394 serial bus to a disk type video recorder is commanded by a user to record each broadcast program in stream data extracted by a demultiplexer onto the recorder, the controller stores, into memory, program information on the program such as program title and start time in EIT in the stream data. The controller make the DTV display a list of program information based on program information read from entry descriptors of the recorder. When the user selects, from the program information in the memory, one program information corresponding to one program information having initial value data in the displayed list, the controller writes the selected program information into an entry descriptor corresponding to the program with the program information having the initial value data. The user can easily identify a program based on the displayed program information.

Abstract: There is suppressed deterioration of transmission quality resulting from FWM light generated in the optical fiber of an optical transmission apparatus that performs wavelength division multiplex transmission. To suppress deterioration of the transmission quality due to the FWM light the sender apparatus adjusts the intensity of wavelength-division-multiplexed light output to the optical fiber according to a level of FWM crosstalk observed by receiver apparatus.

Abstract: There is suppressed deterioration of transmission quality resulting from FWM light generated in the optical fiber of an optical transmission apparatus that performs wavelength division multiplex transmission. To suppress deterioration of the transmission quality due to the FWM light, the sender apparatus adjusts the intensity of wavelength-division-multiplexed light output to the optical fiber, according to a level of FWM crosstalk observed by receiver apparatus.

Abstract: An organic device, including an organic compound having charge-transporting ability (i.e., transporting holes and/or electrons) and/or including organic light emissive molecules capable of emitting at least one of fluorescent light or phosphorescent light, has a charge transfer complex-contained layer including a charge transfer complex formed upon contact of an organic hole-transporting compound and molybdenum trioxide via a manner of lamination or mixing thereof, so that the organic hole-transporting compound is in a state of radical cation (i.e., positively charged species) in the charge transfer complex-contained layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes at least three electrode layers and organic electroluminescent light-emitting structures, a number of which structures is smaller by one than that of the electrode layers, on a substrate. The electrode layer and the light-emitting structure are alternately formed in this order on the substrate. A group of the electrode layers formed in an odd-numbered layer position from the substrate and a group of the electrode layers formed in an even-numbered layer position from the substrate are electrically connected at a same potential, respectively. Light is alternately emitted in a group of the organic electroluminescent light-emitting structures formed in an odd-numbered layer position from the substrate and a group of the organic electroluminescent light-emitting structures formed in an even-numbered layer position from the substrate, upon application of an alternating voltage between the above-described two groups of the electrodes layers.

Abstract: An organic device has a hole current-electron current conversion layer which comprises a laminate of an electron transportation section and a hole transportation section. The electron transportation section includes a charge transfer complex formed upon an oxidation-reduction reaction between a reduced low work function metal and an electron-accepting organic compound, the reduced metal being produced upon an in-situ thermal reduction reaction caused upon contact, through lamination or mixing by co-deposition, of an organic metal complex compound or an inorganic compound containing at least one metal ion selected from ions of low work function metals having a work function of not more than 4.0 eV, and a thermally reducible metal capable of reducing a metal ion contained in the organic metal complex compound or the inorganic compound in vacuum to the corresponding metal state, and the electron transportation section having the electron-accepting organic compound in the state of radical anions.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device including a substrate, the substrate includes, laminated thereon, an anode layer; an organic structure including at least one light- emissive layer or at least one light-emissive unit having at least one light-emissive layer; a low resistance electron-transporting layer including a mixed layer of an electron-donating metal dopant and an organic compound; an organometallic complex-contained layer including an organometallic complex compound containing at least one metal ion selected from the group having an alkaline metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion and a rare earth metal ion; a reducing reaction generating layer; and a cathode layer, in that order. At least one of the anode layer and the cathode layer is transparent.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device includes an anode electrode layer; a cathode electrode layer opposed to the anode electrode layer; a hole injection layer provided adjacent to the anode electrode layer an organic structure including at least one light-emissive layer_or at least one light-emissive unit having at least one light-emissive layer; between the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer. At least one of the anode electrode layer and the cathode electrode layer is transparent. The hole injection layer includes a mixed layer of a metal oxide and an organic compound. The mixed layer is formed upon co-deposition of the metal oxide and the organic compound.

Abstract: An improved system and method for attaching an optical fiber to a fiber array substrate involving adhesive-bonding an optical fiber's cladding directly to the substrate is disclosed.

Abstract: There is suppressed deterioration of transmission quality resulting from FWM generated in the optical fiber of an optical transmission apparatus which performs wavelength division multiplex transmission. A wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system is not restricted by a wavelength division multiplex density. Intensity of FWM generated in an optical fiber transmission line for each span is observed by a receiver side to determine intensity of output light to send the span by a sender side, to thereby suppress deterioration of the transmission quality due to the FWM generated in the optical fiber of a WDM optical transmission apparatus.

Abstract: The use of an electro-sensitive movable fluid, that is, a micromotor, a linear motor, a micropump and a method of using the micropump, a microactuator, and an apparatus which these devices are applied to, and a method and apparatus of controlling flow properties of a fluid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a use of an electro-sensitive movable fluid, that is, a micromotor, a linear motor, a micropump and a method of using the micropump, a microactuator, and an apparatus which these devices are applied to, and a method and an apparatus of controlling flow properties of a fluid.

Abstract: A thermal head comprising heating resistors with their temperature coefficient of resistance being negative at normal temperature and invertible to be positive as the temperature rises.

Abstract: The epitaxial growth of boron-phosphorous semiconductors can be accomplished by chemically reacting the gas materials diborane and phosphorous trichloride. The preferable temperature of the substrate in 880.degree. C.-1,110.degree. C. and the preferable ratio of the phosphorous trichloride to diborane in mol is 2-200. Use is made of a composite substrate.