Abstract: A photo-curable composite material used for preparing various stencils for screen printing, textile printing or the like, which comprises a flat, flexible and photo-transmitting thin film (A); a flat and flexible film (B); a liquid photo-curable resin and a flat screen material, said films (A) and (B) being air-tightly bonded to each other at the peripheral portion thereof to form a flat inner space therein, said liquid resin being filled in said inner space to form a layer and said screen material also being placed in the inner space substantially in parallel with the inner walls of the films (A) and (B).

Abstract: A cellulosic ion-exchange fiber having a functional group represented by the formula, ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2 and M is a hydrogen atom, alkali metal or ammonium residue, is produced by dipping a cellulosic fiber in an aqueous solution containing an intermediate of the formula, ##STR2## wherein n and M are as defined above; and X is halogen, in the presence of an alkali and applying heat treatment, thereby introducing the above-mentioned functional group.

Abstract: A printing resin plate is produced by adoption of such process and apparatus that a negative film is placed on a transparent plate positioned on a frame stand; a liquid photopolymerizable resin is applied through a cover film onto said negative film to form a layer; the frame stand and/or a means having a belt, which has been extended between at least two rolls and which can rotate synchronously with the frame stand, are moved to insert a support into a space between the liquid photopolymerizable resin layer on the frame stand and the lower surface of said belt; the frame stand is moved to below the lower surface of the belt while pressing the support with the lower surface of the belt by the downward pressure of the belt thereby closely adhering the support onto the liquid photopolymerizable resin layer; and then the liquid photopolymerizable resin layer is exposed to light.

Abstract: A thin film of less than 300 microns in thickness can be obtained by crosslinking a surfactant with plasma or radiation. This thin film is as high in strength as an ordinary plastic film, and is usable as a substance-separating film, a substance-protecting film or an insulating film.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of semipermeable membrane which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polysulfone to a plasma.The resulting semipermeable membrane is very useful for separating substances by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: Relieved pattern of a resin original pattern plate, which does not exhibit fluidity at transferring temperature and possesses elastic modulus no smaller than 10 kg/cm.sup.2, preferably no smaller than 100 kg/cm.sup.2, is transferred onto thermoplastic resin material having fluidity at the transferring temperature (ASTM D1238, load 21.6 kg) of at least 0.01 dg/min, preferably at least 0.1 dg/min, by pressing the thermoplastic resin material to the original pattern plate under a pressure condition where elastic deformation of the original pattern plate is kept within 10%. The resin original pattern plate is prepared by controlling the photopolymerizable resin composition to adjust its cross-linkability and then photo-polymerizing, whereby the resulting resin original pattern plate possesses an elastic modulus of 10 kg/cm.sup.2 or higher at transferring temperature.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of a semipermeable membrane which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polyacrylonitrile or copolymers thereof containing acrylonitrile in an amount of more than 40% by mole to a plasma.The resulting semipermeable membrane is very useful for separating substances by reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration.

Abstract: A crosslinkable composition comprising:(I) a melamine compound of the formula:(C.sub.3 H.sub.6-(m+n) N.sub.6) (CH.sub.2 OH.sub.m (CH.sub.2 OR).sub.nwherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m is from 0 to 6, n is from 0 to 6 and m + n is from 1.5 to 6, or its condensate having an average condensation degree of not more than 4;(II) a compound having at least two functional groups condensable with the component (I) and an average molecular weight of not less than 1,000;(III) a compound having an ethylenically un-unsaturated linkage photopolymerizable by actinic light;(IV) a photopolymerization initiator; and(V) a thermal polymerization inhibitor.

Abstract: A process for producing strongly acidic cation-exchange fiber, which comprises allowing fibrous polyethylene to react with gaseous sulfur trioxide.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of semipermeable membranes is disclosed which comprises exposing porous shaped articles of polyacrylonitrile or copolymers containing acrylonitrile in an amount of more than 40% by mole to a plasma consisting essentially of a gaseous organic compound or the mixture of said gaseous organic compound and an inert gas at room temperature under a pressure of 0.01 to 10 Torr.

Abstract: Easily pourable polyolefin granules are obtained by polymerizing an olefin in the presence of a polymerization catalyst system comprising a compound having a main catalyst component supported on a spheroidal particle, 1 to 1,000 .mu. in diameter, of a high molecular compound used as a carrier, and an organometallic compound under a pressure of 100 kg/cm.sup.2 or less and at a temperature lower than both of the melting points of the resulting polymer and the said high molecular compound used as a carrier. The granule diameter of the said polyolefin can be controlled very easily by changing the particle size of the high molecular compound used as a carrier, the loading rate of the main catalyst component on the high molecular compound used as a carrier, or the catalyst efficiency. The granule size distrubution can be controlled by controlling the particle size distribution of the high molecular compound used as a carrier. The polyolefin granules obtained have a bulk density of 0.4 to 0.

Abstract: Filters for the selective collection of metallic ions, comprising a water-permeable, thin layer film made from pulp or fiber having the metallic ion collecting groups chemically linked thereto which are made up of a polar group containing an oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom which may selectively form a nonionic linkage together with metallic ions.

Abstract: A cation exchanger in paper-like or felt-like form is obtained by making a fibrous sheet from a blend of polyethylene fibers into which sulfonic groups have been introduced with 0.1 to 50% by weight of thermoplastic resin fibers and heating the sheet at the softening temperature of said thermoplastic resin or higher temperatures. This cation exchanger is useful in softening or desalination of raw water, separation and recovery of various metals, and adsorption of basic dyestuffs and cationic dyestuffs.

Abstract: A novel phosphorylated cellulose ester membrane containing 0.1 to 10% of phosphorus and having a selective permeability. This permselective phosphorylated cellulose ester membrane consists essentially of a phosphorylated cellulose ester obtained by reacting a phosphorylating reagent such as phosphorus oxychloride with a lower aliphatic acid ester of cellulose, which has a reactive hydroxyl group, in an organic solvent, and then hydrolyzing the resulting ester. The membrane can be used widely in separating materials by processes such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, dialysis, electrodialysis, and the like.

Abstract: A method for the rapid analysis of trace components in a liquid, which comprises filtering said liquid through a filter paper having at least one of anion exchange functional groups and chelating ion binding functional groups, thus collecting substantially the entire amount of the objective components (anions or chelating ions) contained in said liquid on the filter paper, and analyzing the anion- or chelating ion-loaded filter paper as such or after drying, or analyzing the eluate obtained by elution of the anions or chelating ions to be analyzed from said filter paper.

Abstract: A novel original plate for producing matrix which has improved strength, mold releasability and dimensional stability during production of matrices consists of a laminated structure of a metal base, a bonding layer, a relief supporting layer and a relief of a photo-polymerized resin, said relief supporting layer comprising a resin similar to that of the relief or having a high affinity with that of the relief.

Abstract: A thin film of less than 300 microns in thickness can be obtained by crosslinking a surfactant with plasma or radiation. This thin film is as high in strength as an ordinary plastic film, and is usable as a substance-separating film, a substance-protecting film or an insulating film.

Abstract: A semipermeable membrane is obtained by casting a cast solution comprising a mixture of a water-insoluble high polymer and a water-soluble high polymer, a mixture of a water-insoluble high polymer and a water-soluble surfactant or a mixture of a water-insoluble high polymer, a water-soluble high polymer and a water-soluble surfactant to form a shaped article, exposing the thus formed shaped article to a plasma to crosslink the surface thereof, and then washing the exposed article with water to remove uncrosslinked water-soluble high polymer or water-soluble surfactant. The membrane can be used for such substance separation methods as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration and the like.

Abstract: A cation exchanger in paper-like or felt-like form is obtained by making a fibrous sheet from a blend of polyethylene fibers into which sulfonic groups have been introduced with 0.1 to 50% by weight of thermoplastic resin fibers and heating the sheet at the softening temperature of said thermoplastic resin or higher temperatures. This cation exchanger is useful in softening or desalination of raw water, separation and recovery of various metals, and adsorption of basic dyestuffs and cationic dyestuffs.

Abstract: Ultrathin membranes for separating substances are obtained by exposing shaped articles comprising a water-soluble polymer or a mixture of a water-soluble polymer and water-insoluble polymer to a plasma of a gas selected from helium, argon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia, a hydrocarbon having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an epoxide having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, or an alkylamine, or a mixture of these substances to crosslink the surface layer, and then washing the exposed articles with water to remove the unreacted portions. The membrane exhibits outstanding performance characteristics when used in the processes for separating or concentrating substances, such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and the like.