Abstract: A treatment device using active oxygen, the treatment device comprising: an ultraviolet transmission member; and a first chamber and a second chamber adjacent to each other separated by the ultraviolet transmission member, wherein the first chamber is capable of accommodating a treatment target and comprises an ozone generator, the second chamber comprises an ultraviolet light source, the ultraviolet light source is capable of irradiating a surface of the treatment target, which is accommodated in the first chamber, with ultraviolet light, and a distance between the ultraviolet transmission member and the surface of the treatment target can be adjusted to 10 mm or less.

Abstract: An active oxygen supply device comprising: a housing having at least one opening; an ozone generator located inside the housing; a means for generating an airflow comprising ozone generated inside the housing by the ozone generator, flowing toward the opening and flowing out of the housing through the opening; and an ultraviolet light source arranged so that the airflow comprising the ozone and flowing out of the housing through the opening can be irradiated with ultraviolet rays, wherein the ultraviolet light source decomposes the ozone in the airflow to generate active oxygen, and the airflow comprising the active oxygen generated by irradiating the airflow comprising the ozone with the ultraviolet rays is supplied to an object to be treated outside the housing.

Abstract: Provided an electrophotographic electro-conductive member that can stably suppress an occurrence of fogging in an electrophotographic image. The member comprises a support having an electro-conductive outer surface, and an electro-conductive layer on the outer surface of the support, the electro-conductive layer having a matrix including a cross-linked product of a first rubber, and domains dispersed in the matrix, the domains each includes a cross-linked product of a second rubber and an electro-conductive particle, at least some of the domains is exposed to the outer surface of the electro-conductive member to constitute protrusions on an outer surface of the member, the outer surface of the electro-conductive member is constituted by the matrix and the domains exposed to the outer surface of the electrophotographic electro-conductive member, the electrophotographic electro-conductive member has an impedance of 1.0×103? or more and 1.0×108? or less, and some of the domains satisfy two specific requirements.

Abstract: Thermal decomposition of a reactant, XY, proceeds on a negative catalytic electrode to form products, X and Y. The product Y is a cellular reaction material, which separates into ions, Y.sup.+, and electrons, e.sup.-, on the negative catalytic electrode. The ions Y.sup.+ move through a solid electrolyte, the electrons e.sup.- pass through an external resistor, and the product X formed on the negative catalytic electrode is circulated to the positive catalytic electrode, therefore reproducing the reactant XY. Since the cellular reaction material Y need not be released from the top of the catalytic electrode, the invention is adapted to convert heat energy into electric energy efficiently as compared with conventional methods. In one embodiment, reactant XY is 2-propanol, and products X and Y are acetone and hydrogen, respectively.

Abstract: A catalytic reaction apparatus includes a catalytic reaction vessel containing a catalyst for an exothermic reaction. First and second catalyst regions contain a catalyst and have different catalytic performances from one another. At least two raw materials are introduced in the catalytic reaction vessel and passed through the first and second catalyst regions to react to generate heat. The heat is transferred to a heat medium arranged outside and contacting the catalytic reaction vessel so that distribution of temperature is controlled in the catalytic reaction vessel. The difference in catalytic performance is achieved by controlling concentration of the catalyst or by using different catalyst species.

Abstract: A catalytic reaction apparatus for carrying out an exothermic catalytic reaction includes a first vessel for containing a first raw material for the exothermic catalytic reaction; a second vessel for containing a second raw material for the exothermic catalytic reaction; a reaction vessel for carrying out therein the exothermic catalytic reaction which is connected to the first and second vessels and receives the first and second raw materials for the exothermic catalytic reaction, the reaction vessel having first and second regions respectively containing first and second catalysts having respective activities different from each other so that the first and second regions have different catalytic performances from one another; a first heat exchanger associated with the reaction vessel and containing a heating medium flowing through the first heat exchanger so that the heating medium receives heat generated by the exothermic reaction in the reaction vessel; a third vessel connected to the first heat exchanger