Abstract: To provide a power storage unit having a structure which is unlikely to break down by change in shape, such as bending. An electrode plate is covered with a sheet of an insulator which is folded in two. The sheet is preferably processed into a bag-like shape or an envelope-like shape by bonding overlapping portions of the sheet in the periphery of the electrode plate. The electrode plate and the sheet are fixed to an exterior body. In the case where the shape of the exterior body is changed by bending or the like, the electrode plate and the sheet can slide together in the exterior body. Thus, stress on the electrode plate due to bending can be relieved.

Abstract: An energy storage device having high capacity per weight or volume and a positive electrode active material for the energy storage device are manufactured. A surface of a main material included in the positive electrode active material for the energy storage device is coated with two-dimensional carbon. The main material included in the positive electrode active material is coated with a highly conductive material which has a structure expanding two-dimensionally and whose thickness is ignorable, whereby the amount of carbon coating can be reduced and an energy storage device having capacity close to theoretical capacity can be obtained even when a conduction auxiliary agent is not used or the amount of the conduction auxiliary agent is extremely small. Accordingly, the amount of carbon coating in a positive electrode and the volume of the conduction auxiliary agent can be reduced; consequently, the volume of the positive electrode can be reduced.

Abstract: An electronic device having a novel structure, specifically, an electronic device having a novel structure that can be changed into various appearances is provided. Specifically, after an active material layer is formed on one or both surfaces of a current collector, the active material layer in a bent region is partly removed. The removed region of the active material layer can be in a linear shape, a dot shape, or a matrix shape, for example. After the active material layer is formed on one or both surfaces of the current collector, laser processing for removing part of the active material layer in an irradiation region is performed using laser light or the like. On the region where the surface of the current collector is exposed, the active material layer is not provided, and this region is a region that does not function as a battery. Owing to this region, a secondary battery with a wide movable region can be achieved.

Abstract: At least one of an aqueous solution A containing lithium, an aqueous solution B containing iron, manganese, cobalt, or nickel, and an aqueous solution C containing a phosphoric acid includes graphene oxide. The aqueous solution A is dripped into the aqueous solution C, so that a mixed solution E including a precipitate D is prepared. The mixed solution E is dripped into the aqueous solution B, so that a mixed solution G including a precipitate F is prepared. The mixed solution G is subjected to heat treatment in a pressurized atmosphere, so that a mixed solution H is prepared, and the mixed solution H is then filtered. Thus, particles of a compound containing lithium and oxygen which have a small size are obtained.

Abstract: In the case where a film, which has lower strength than a metal can, is used as an exterior body of a secondary battery, a current collector provided in a region surrounded by the exterior body, an active material layer provided on a surface of the current collector, or the like might be damaged when force is externally applied to the secondary battery. A secondary battery that is durable even when force is externally applied thereto is provided. A region that is easily partly bent and a region that is not easily partly bent owing to a protective material provided in the region are intentionally formed to obtain the durable secondary battery.

Abstract: A motor control system includes first processing circuitry that controls a motor. An upper-level communication path connects an upper-level communication port of the first processing circuitry to second processing circuitry that sends an instruction to the first processing circuitry via the upper-level communication path. A lower-level communication path connects a lower-level communication port of the first processing circuitry to a plurality of devices connected in series to each other. The devices include rotational angle detection circuitry and output circuitry. The rotational angle detection circuitry detects a rotation angle of the motor. The output circuitry outputs associated information that is associated with the motor and is different from the rotational angle or that is associated with an industrial device associated with the motor.

Abstract: A motorcycle tire for running on rough terrain comprises a tread portion provided with blocks each having a polygonal ground contacting top surface. The blocks include a twist block having a twisted portion from the top surface toward the radially inside.

Abstract: A motorcycle tire for rough terrain is provided in tread middle regions with middle blocks each provided in its ground contacting top surface with an auxiliary groove extending in the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: A tire for running on rough terrain for which an intended tire rotational direction is specified, comprises: a tread portion 2 provided with a first block 11 having a ground contacting top surface 16, and a base cross sectional shape 17. The ground contacting top surface 16 has a polygonal shape having a heel-side oblique edge 21 inclined with respect to the tire axial direction. The base cross sectional shape 17 is a polygon having a heel-side axial edge 22 extending in the tire axial direction. In the top view of the first block, an angle ?a formed between the heel-side oblique edge 21 and the heel-side axial edge 22 is in a range from 5 to 45 degrees.

Abstract: Occlusion and release of lithium ion are likely to one-dimensionally occur in the b-axis direction of a crystal in a lithium-containing composite oxide having an olivine structure. Thus, a positive electrode in which the b-axes of lithium-containing composite oxide single crystals are oriented vertically to a surface of a positive electrode current collector is provided. The lithium-containing composite oxide particles are mixed with graphene oxide and then pressure is applied thereto, whereby the rectangular parallelepiped or substantially rectangular parallelepiped particles are likely to slip. In addition, in the case where the rectangular parallelepiped or substantially rectangular parallelepiped particles whose length in the b-axis direction is shorter than those in the a-axis direction and the c-axis direction are used, when pressure is applied in one direction, the b-axes can be oriented in the one direction.

Abstract: An excavation status monitoring system for a tunneling machine that includes a detecting portion mounted on a cutter head of the tunneling machine, including an accelerometer that detects a vibration or an acoustic sensor that detects a sound wave and a sound output portion that outputs a signal detected by the detecting portion as sound.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material includes a plurality of groups of particles. The plurality of groups of particles has a particle diameter of more than or equal to 300 nm and less than or equal to 3 ?m. Each of the groups includes two or more particles. The two or more particles are each a lithium-containing complex phosphate including one or more of iron, nickel, manganese, and cobalt. The group of particles includes a first particle and a second particle each having a major diameter and a minor diameter in the upper surface when seen from a predetermined direction. The major diameters of the first and second particles are substantially parallel to each other. The major diameter of the first particle is two to six times larger than the minor diameter of the first particle and the minor diameter of the first particle is more than or equal to 20 nm and less than or equal to 130 nm.

Abstract: A composite oxide with high diffusion rate of lithium is provided. Alternatively, a lithium-containing complex phosphate with high diffusion rate of lithium is provided. Alternatively, a positive electrode active material with high diffusion rate of lithium is provided. Alternatively, a lithium ion battery with high output is provided. Alternatively, a lithium ion battery that can be manufactured at low cost is provided. A positive electrode active material is formed through a first step of mixing a lithium compound, a phosphorus compound, and water, a second step of adjusting pH by adding a first aqueous solution to a first mixed solution formed in the first step, a third step of mixing an iron compound with a second mixed solution formed in the second step, a fourth step of performing heat treatment under a pressure more than or equal to 0.1 MPa and less than or equal to 2 MPa at a highest temperature more than 100° C. and less than or equal to 119° C.

Abstract: At least one of an aqueous solution A containing lithium, an aqueous solution B containing iron, manganese, cobalt, or nickel, and an aqueous solution C containing a phosphoric acid includes graphene oxide. The aqueous solution A is dripped into the aqueous solution C, so that a mixed solution E including a precipitate D is prepared. The mixed solution E is dripped into the aqueous solution B, so that a mixed solution G including a precipitate F is prepared. The mixed solution G is subjected to heat treatment in a pressurized atmosphere, so that a mixed solution H is prepared, and the mixed solution H is then filtered. Thus, particles of a compound containing lithium and oxygen which have a small size are obtained.

Abstract: A lithium-ion secondary battery including a lithium-containing complex phosphate as a positive electrode active material is provided. Furthermore, a positive electrode active material with high diffusion rate of lithium ions is provided to provide a lithium-ion secondary battery with high output. A positive electrode active material of a lithium-ion secondary battery includes a first plate-like component and a second plate-like component, a third prismatic component between the first component and the second component, and a space between the first component and the second component.

Abstract: A motor control system includes first processing circuitry that controls a motor. An upper-level communication path connects an upper-level communication port of the first processing circuitry to second processing circuitry that sends an instruction to the first processing circuitry via the upper-level communication path. A lower-level communication path connects a lower-level communication port of the first processing circuitry to a plurality of devices connected in series to each other. The devices include rotational angle detection circuitry and output circuitry. The rotational angle detection circuitry detects a rotation angle of the motor. The output circuitry outputs associated information that is associated with the motor and is different from the rotational angle or that is associated with an industrial device associated with the motor.

Abstract: In the case where a film, which has lower strength than a metal can, is used as an exterior body of a secondary battery, a current collector provided in a region surrounded by the exterior body, an active material layer provided on a surface of the current collector, or the like might be damaged when force is externally applied to the secondary battery. A secondary battery that is durable even when force is externally applied thereto is provided. A region that is easily partly bent and a region that is not easily partly bent owing to a protective material provided in the region are intentionally formed to obtain the durable secondary battery.

Abstract: At least one of an aqueous solution A containing lithium, an aqueous solution B containing iron, manganese, cobalt, or nickel, and an aqueous solution C containing a phosphoric acid includes graphene oxide. The aqueous solution A is dripped into the aqueous solution C, so that a mixed solution E including a precipitate D is prepared. The mixed solution E is dripped into the aqueous solution B, so that a mixed solution G including a precipitate F is prepared. The mixed solution G is subjected to heat treatment in a pressurized atmosphere, so that a mixed solution H is prepared, and the mixed solution H is then filtered. Thus, particles of a compound containing lithium and oxygen which have a small size are obtained.

Abstract: To provide a manufacturing method of graphene oxide that allows mass production through a relatively simple process, at low costs, and with safety and efficiency. A hydrogen peroxide solution, sulfuric acid, and flake graphite are put in a reaction container, and the mixture is stirred to obtain expansion graphite. The synthesized expansion graphite is washed not with pure water but with a saturated aqueous solution of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) or an organic solvent, whereby a large amount of sulfuric acid is contained between graphite layers. The expansion graphite is subjected to heat treatment or microwave irradiation to form expanded graphite, and a graphite layer is peeled by ultrasonic treatment and then oxidized to form a graphene compound.

Abstract: Occlusion and release of lithium ion are likely to one-dimensionally occur in the b-axis direction of a crystal in a lithium-containing composite oxide having an olivine structure. Thus, a positive electrode in which the b-axes of lithium-containing composite oxide single crystals are oriented vertically to a surface of a positive electrode current collector is provided. The lithium-containing composite oxide particles are mixed with graphene oxide and then pressure is applied thereto, whereby the rectangular parallelepiped or substantially rectangular parallelepiped particles are likely to slip. In addition, in the case where the rectangular parallelepiped or substantially rectangular parallelepiped particles whose length in the b-axis direction is shorter than those in the a-axis direction and the c-axis direction are used, when pressure is applied in one direction, the b-axes can be oriented in the one direction.