Abstract: An electrode structure includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged separately from each other; and a plurality of dielectric layers laminated in a first direction with respect to the plurality of pixel electrodes, in which the plurality of dielectric layers includes: a first dielectric layer that spreads over the plurality of pixel electrodes in a direction intersecting with the first direction; and a second dielectric layer that includes dielectric material having a refractive index higher than that of the first dielectric layer, sandwiches the first dielectric layer together with the plurality of pixel electrodes, and has a slit at a position overlapping space between pixel electrodes adjacent when viewed from the first direction.

Abstract: In a case where each of the temperature, the impedance, and the output current of a fuel cell stack falls within a predetermined range, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack is measured, and the measured output voltage is compared with a reference value to thereby determine the degree of degradation of the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: An operating method of a fuel cell system which includes a plurality of fuel cell stacks; a refrigerant passage configured to circulate a refrigerant circulated in a first fuel cell stack among the plurality of fuel cell stacks through a second fuel cell stack among the plurality of fuel cell stacks; and a first temperature acquisition unit and second temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a temperature of the refrigerant downstream of the first fuel cell stack and upstream of the second fuel cell stack, includes, when the temperature of the refrigerant acquired by the first temperature acquisition unit and the second temperature acquisition unit is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, after start of the first fuel cell stack and after elapse of a delay time, starting the second fuel cell stack, and variably setting the delay time according to the temperature of the refrigerant.

Abstract: If a medium outlet temperature of a heat exchange medium is not less than a threshold temperature, the heat exchange medium is supplied to a medium flow field of a fuel cell stack at a predetermined flow rate, and if the medium outlet temperature is less than the threshold temperature, in correspondence with the decrease of a medium outlet temperature, the heat exchange medium is supplied to the medium flow field at a flow rate decreased from the predetermined flow rate so as to prevent increase in the differential pressure between an anode flow field and the medium flow field in the fuel cell stack.

Abstract: If coolant temperature remains higher than a temperature threshold for a first predetermined time period (step S5: YES) and thereafter an electrical resistance value remains higher than a resistance threshold for a second predetermined time period (step S7: YES), a control device determines that a fuel cell stack is in a dry condition and performs the process of limiting a power generation amount of the fuel cell stack (step S8).

Abstract: A vehicle operation detection device is applicable to a vehicle including a vehicle body in which an opening portion is provided, an opening and closing body which opens and closes the opening portion, an actuator which causes the opening and closing body to perform opening and closing operations, and a camera which captures an image around the opening portion, and is configured to detect a gesture of a user for starting at least one of the opening operation and the closing operation. The device includes: a direction specifying unit that specifies a direction of the user with respect to the vehicle based on the image captured by the camera; and a gesture detection unit that detects the gesture including a motion in a direction associated with the direction of the user, based on the image captured by the camera, when the direction specifying unit specifies the direction of the user.

Abstract: An opening and closing body control device is applied to a vehicle that includes a vehicle body having an opening, an opening and closing body configured to open and close the opening, a drive unit configured to operate the opening and closing body, and a detection device configured to detect a gesture operation of a user. The opening and closing body control device includes: a position acquisition unit configured to acquire a position of a portable device carried by the user by wireless communication; an operation determination unit configured to determine whether the gesture operation is executed in a situation where the portable device is present in a detection area of the detection device; and an opening and closing body control unit configured to operate the opening and closing body based on a content of the gesture operation when it is determined that the user executes the gesture operation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a laminate having an adhesive layer excellent in low-temperature adhesiveness, water resistance, and hot water resistance. The laminate includes: a substrate; and an adhesive layer laminated on at least one surface of the substrate, in which the adhesive layer is obtained by drying a coated product of an aqueous dispersion containing water and a resin (X), and the resin (X) contains two or more kinds of ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymers (a) each having a different content of a structural unit derived from an unsaturated carboxylic acid.

Abstract: An operation detection device for a vehicle including a camera that captures an image of a periphery of an opening portion of a vehicle body includes a position determination unit configured to determine whether a first body part and a second body part of a user in the image captured by the camera are present in a user determination area set in the image, a gesture determination unit configured to determine, based on the image captured after it is determined that the first body part and the second body part are present in the user determination area, whether at least one of a first gesture using the first body part and a second gesture using the second body part is made, and an output unit configured to output the trigger signal when it is determined that at least one of the first gesture and the second gesture is made.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a control system includes a fuel cell configured to generate electric power using an anode and a cathode, a power storage device capable of storing the electric power generated by the fuel cell, auxiliary equipment to which the electric power is able to be supplied, and a controller configured to control operations of the fuel cell and the auxiliary equipment. The controller performs control so that the electric power is consumed by the auxiliary equipment in accordance with a power storage state of the power storage device at the time of power generation of the fuel cell and adjusts one or both of a timing and a degree at which electric power to be consumed by the auxiliary equipment is limited on the basis of temperature information associated with the auxiliary equipment.

Abstract: A method of operating a fuel cell system which has a plurality of fuel cell stacks, and includes a first refrigerant passage, a second refrigerant passage, a first temperature acquisition unit, a second temperature acquisition unit, a first refrigerant circulation passage, a first refrigerant pumping unit, a first heat exchanger and a first flow rate adjusting valve includes: after the plurality of fuel cell stacks are stopped, until a predetermined condition is satisfied, driving the first refrigerant pumping unit; and causing the first flow rate adjusting valve to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant passage and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant passage, on the basis of the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through each of the first refrigerant passage and the second refrigerant passage acquired by the first temperature acquisition unit and the second temperature acquisition unit.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a first ion exchanger, a first fuel cell stack and a second fuel cell stack, a first temperature acquisition part and a second temperature acquisition part, a first power generation time acquisition part and a second power generation time acquisition part, a supply path, an ion concentration estimation part that estimates ion concentration of a refrigerant on the basis of the ion concentration estimated by the ion concentration estimation part, a determination part that determines an exchange timing of the first ion exchanger on the basis of the ion concentration estimated by the ion concentration estimation part, and a control part, and a first refrigerant flow path and a second refrigerant flow path are provided in series or in parallel.

Abstract: An occupant protection system includes a first airbag device, a second airbag device, and an airbag control processor. The first airbag device includes a first bag. The first bag is configured to be deployed along a side surface of a compartment of a vehicle upon a side impact of the vehicle. The second airbag device includes a second bag. The second bag includes a shoulder pressing part. The shoulder pressing part is configured to be deployed between a seat back and a shoulder, of an occupant, on an outer side in a vehicle width direction. The airbag control processor is configured to control deployment and non-deployment of the shoulder pressing part of the second airbag device in accordance with a state of the side impact of the vehicle.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber-sizing agent which when applied to an inorganic reinforcement material contained in a resin composition, can provide a molded article having excellent impact resistance and high surface gloss properties. The fiber-sizing agent according to the present invention contains a modified olefin wax (A), a polyolefin resin (B), and a silane-coupling agent (C), wherein the mass ratio (A)/(B) of the modified olefin wax (A) to the polyolefin resin (B) is in the range of 0.2-10.

Abstract: A vehicle operation detection device includes a storage unit configured to store a trained model obtained by machine learning using training data in which an image captured in advance and a body part used for a gesture of a user are associated with each other, an entry determination unit configured to determine whether, based on a position of the body part in the image obtained by inputting a newly captured image into the trained model, the body part enters a recognition area set in an imaging area of a camera, and a gesture determination unit configured to calculate a displacement vector of the body part based on images captured at a time interval after it is determined that the body part enters the recognition area, and determine, in accordance with whether a direction of the displacement vector is a direction corresponding to the gesture, whether the gesture is made.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous dispersion with which a coating film having small dynamic frictional resistance can be formed immediately after coating. The present invention includes an aqueous dispersion containing a polyolefin (A), as unsaturated carboxylic acid polymer (B), an amide-based wax (C), and water.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a first ion exchanger, a first fuel cell stack and a second fuel cell stack, a first temperature acquisition part and a second temperature acquisition part, a first power generation time acquisition part and a second power generation time acquisition part, a supply path, an ion concentration estimation part that estimates ion concentration of a refrigerant on the basis of the ion concentration estimated by the ion concentration estimation part, a determination part that determines an exchange timing of the first ion exchanger on the basis of the ion concentration estimated by the ion concentration estimation part, and a control part, and a first refrigerant flow path and a second refrigerant flow path are provided in series or in parallel.

Abstract: An operating method of a fuel cell system which includes a plurality of fuel cell stacks; a refrigerant passage configured to circulate a refrigerant circulated in a first fuel cell stack among the plurality of fuel cell stacks through a second fuel cell stack among the plurality of fuel cell stacks; and a first temperature acquisition unit and second temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a temperature of the refrigerant downstream of the first fuel cell stack and upstream of the second fuel cell stack, includes, when the temperature of the refrigerant acquired by the first temperature acquisition unit and the second temperature acquisition unit is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature, after start of the first fuel cell stack and after elapse of a delay time, starting the second fuel cell stack, and variably setting the delay time according to the temperature of the refrigerant.

Abstract: A method of operating a fuel cell system which has a plurality of fuel cell stacks, and includes a first refrigerant passage, a second refrigerant passage, a first temperature acquisition unit, a second temperature acquisition unit, a first refrigerant circulation passage, a first refrigerant pumping unit, a first heat exchanger and a first flow rate adjusting valve includes: after the plurality of fuel cell stacks are stopped, until a predetermined condition is satisfied, driving the first refrigerant pumping unit; and causing the first flow rate adjusting valve to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant passage and the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the second refrigerant passage, on the basis of the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through each of the first refrigerant passage and the second refrigerant passage acquired by the first temperature acquisition unit and the second temperature acquisition unit.

Abstract: In a case where each of the temperature, the impedance, and the output current of a fuel cell stack falls within a predetermined range, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack is measured, and the measured output voltage is compared with a reference value to thereby determine the degree of degradation of the fuel cell stack.