Abstract: An electric control device 70 is applied to an internal combustion engine 10 capable of a pre-mixed charge compression ignition combustion in which air-fuel mixture gas including air and fuel injected from an injector 37 is formed in a combustion chamber 25, and the air-fuel mixture gas is self-ignited to be combusted by compressing the air-fuel mixture gas during a compression stroke. The electric control device injects high pressure fluid such as air from the air injection valve 38 into the air-fuel mixture gas at a predetermined acting timing within a compression stroke prior to fuel pyrolysis starting timing to enhance the temperature un-uniformity of the air-fuel mixture gas. This enables the temperature un-uniformity of the air-fuel mixture gas at the fuel pyrolysis starting timing to become larger than the temperature un-uniformity of the air-fuel mixture gas at the fuel pyrolysis starting timing obtained only by simply compressing the air-fuel mixture gas during the compression stroke.

Abstract: A hybrid carbon fiber spun yarn comprising a core region which comprises carbon fibers as a main component, and a surrounding region which comprises carbon fibers as a main component and covers an outer peripheral surface of the core region; wherein 20% by mass or more of fibers forming the core region are long carbon fibers having a fiber length of 500 mm or longer, 80% by mass ormore of fibers forming the surrounding region are short carbon fibers having a fiber length of less than 500 mm, and a mass ratio between the long carbon fibers and the short carbon fibers (long carbon fibers:short carbon fibers) is in a range of 20:80 to 80:20.

Abstract: The invention integrally arranges a lens, an optical filter, a semiconductor imaging device, on-chip components, and a printed circuit board on a three-dimensional circuit board and contrives the lens attachment structure, bonding method, color of an adhesive, masking of the lens, etc. in order to implement a structure that allows high performance, compact, lightweight and rigid design, and mass production, as well as a high-quality picture.

Abstract: The technique of the present invention produces a first fuel-air mixture containing a first fuel and the air at a specific ratio, which does not allow for auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture by simple compression, in a combustion chamber. The technique then injects a second fuel, which has a higher octane value than that of the first fuel, into a partial area of the combustion chamber, so as to produce a second fuel-air mixture. The technique ignites the second fuel-air mixture for combustion, so as to compress and auto-ignite the first fuel-air mixture. The second fuel has the higher octane value, so that a combustion start timing of the second fuel-air mixture is reliably regulated by ignition. Namely the technique positively controls the timing of auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture. Setting an adequate value to the ignition timing thus effectively prevents the occurrence of knocking in an internal combustion engine that adopts a premix compression ignition combustion system.

Abstract: An electric control device 70 is applied to an internal combustion engine 10 capable of a pre-mixed charge compression ignition combustion in which air-fuel mixture gas including air and fuel injected from an injector 37 is formed in a combustion chamber 25, and the air-fuel mixture gas is self-ignited to be combusted by compressing the air-fuel mixture gas during a compression stroke. The electric control device injects high pressure fluid such as air from the air injection valve 38 into the air-fuel mixture gas at a predetermined acting timing within a compression stroke prior to fuel pyrolysis starting timing to enhance the temperature un-uniformity of the air-fuel mixture gas. This enables the temperature un-uniformity of the air-fuel mixture gas at the fuel pyrolysis starting timing to become larger than the temperature un-uniformity of the air-fuel mixture gas at the fuel pyrolysis starting timing obtained only by simply compressing the air-fuel mixture gas during the compression stroke.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a four-stroke premixed compression ignition internal combustion engine opens an exhaust valve to discharge burned gas from a combustion chamber at a first exhaust-valve opening timing, and reopens the exhaust valve at a second exhaust-valve opening timing that is retarded with respect to the intake-valve opening timing. Thus, burned gas discharged from the combustion chamber flows back into the combustion chamber through the exhaust port. The control apparatus retards the second exhaust-valve opening timing as the load on the engine increases. This obviates the need to decrease the lift of the exhaust valve to decrease the amount of burned gas that is reintroduced into the combustion chamber and prevents increases in the resistance against the flow of burned gas into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber spun yarn fabric includes the following steps of: obtaining composite yarn by winding a water-soluble polymer fiber around a surface of isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber spun yarn; obtaining a composite yarn fabric by weaving the composite yarn; and obtaining the isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber spun yarn fabric by dissolving and removing the water-soluble polymer fiber from the composite yarn fabric.

Abstract: A pitch-based carbon fiber sliver providing a high-strength carbon fiber spun yarn is efficiently produced by providing a pitch-based carbon fiber mat comprising a mass of piled-up pitch-based carbon fibers of which fiber extension directions are aligned preferentially in one direction; and directly subjecting the carbon fiber mat to drawing and carding by means of a carding machine while moving the mat in said one preferential alignment direction. The thus-obtained carbon fiber sliver is drawn and twisted to produce a pitch-based carbon fiber spun yarn containing at least 3 wt. % of fibers having a fiber length of at least 150 mm, a number of primary twist of 50-400 turns/m and a tensile strength of at least 0.10 N/tex.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a four-stroke premixed compression ignition internal combustion engine opens an exhaust valve to discharge burned gas from a combustion chamber at a first exhaust-valve opening timing, and reopens the exhaust valve at a second exhaust-valve opening timing that is retarded with respect to the intake-valve opening timing. Thus, burned gas discharged from the combustion chamber flows back into the combustion chamber through the exhaust port. The control apparatus retards the second exhaust-valve opening timing as the load on the engine increases. This obviates the need to decrease the lift of the exhaust valve to decrease the amount of burned gas that is reintroduced into the combustion chamber and prevents increases in the resistance against the flow of burned gas into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The technique of the present invention produces a first fuel-air mixture containing a first fuel and the air at a specific ratio, which does not allow for auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture by simple compression, in a combustion chamber. The technique then injects a second fuel, which has a higher octane value than that of the first fuel, into a partial area of the combustion chamber, so as to produce a second fuel-air mixture. The technique ignites the second fuel-air mixture for combustion, so as to compress and auto-ignite the first fuel-air mixture. The second fuel has the higher octane value, so that a combustion start timing of the second fuel-air mixture is reliably regulated by ignition. Namely the technique positively controls the timing of auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture. Setting an adequate value to the ignition timing thus effectively prevents the occurrence of knocking.

Abstract: The technique of the present invention produces a first fuel-air mixture containing a first fuel and the air at a specific ratio, which does not allow for auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture by simple compression, in a combustion chamber. The technique then injects a second fuel, which has a higher octane value than that of the first fuel, into a partial area of the combustion chamber, so as to produce a second fuel-air mixture. The technique ignites the second fuel-air mixture for combustion, so as to compress and auto-ignite the first fuel-air mixture. The second fuel has the higher octane value, so that a combustion start timing of the second fuel-air mixture is reliably regulated by ignition. Namely the technique positively controls the timing of auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture. Setting an adequate value to the ignition timing thus effectively prevents the occurrence of knocking in an internal combustion engine that adopts a premix compression ignition combustion system.

Abstract: A sound-absorbing material is attached to the bottom edge of a periphery of the lower portion of a car door 30. The material is positioned above the seal member 1 which makes a resilient contact with a body panel 20, and carries out the seal between the outside and the inside of the car. The material is made of a foam 10 having specific gravity of about 0.05–0.4. The material restrains the noise. The foam 10 may be provided with a plurality of protrusions 12 on the surface thereof, or it may be provided with a hollow part 13 along the longitudinal direction thereof.

Abstract: The invention integrally arranges a lens, an optical filter, a semiconductor imaging device, on-chip components, and a printed circuit board on a three-dimensional circuit board and contrives the lens attachment structure, bonding method, color of an adhesive, masking of the lens, etc. in order to implement a structure that allows high performance, compact, lightweight and rigid design, and mass production, as well as a high-quality picture.

Abstract: An engine is operated in accordance with a plurality of operation modes obtained by combining one of a 4-cycle mode and a 2-cycle mode with one of a combustion ignition control where an ignition is performed with an ignition unit and a self ignition priority control including the ignition performed without the ignition unit. Upon switching of the operation mode, a transition cycle is performed once between a first operation mode before switching of the operation mode and a second operation mode after switching of the operation mode. Timing for operating an intake valve or an exhaust valve in the transition cycle is different from that in the second operation mode. The combustion ignition control is executed in one of the combustion chambers where the single operation of the transition cycle is completed until a single cycle of each transient cycle in the rest of the combustion chambers is terminated.

Abstract: A control device is applied to a multi-cylinder 4-cycle charge compression ignition-type internal combustion engine. The control device operates to open an exhaust valve in an exhaust stroke of each cylinder, operates to close an intake valve before an intake bottom dead center, and then, operates to open the exhaust valve again before the intake bottom dead center. An exhaust flow rate regulating valve is disposed in a collecting portion of an exhaust path and its opening is controlled. Hereby, a period in which the exhaust valve is open in an intake stroke of one cylinder and a period in which the exhaust valve is open in an exhaust stroke of another cylinder partially overlap each other. Combustion gas pushed out of a combustion chamber of the other cylinder in the overlapping period is pushed into a combustion chamber of the one cylinder via the exhaust path.

Abstract: The technique of the present invention produces a first fuel-air mixture containing a first fuel and the air at a specific ratio, which does not allow for auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture by simple compression, in a combustion chamber. The technique then injects a second fuel, which has a higher octane value than that of the first fuel, into a partial area of the combustion chamber, so as to produce a second fuel-air mixture. The technique ignites the second fuel-air mixture for combustion, so as to compress and auto-ignite the first fuel-air mixture. The second fuel has the higher octane value, so that a combustion start timing of the second fuel-air mixture is reliably regulated by ignition. Namely the technique positively controls the timing of auto ignition of the first fuel-air mixture. Setting an adequate value to the ignition timing thus effectively prevents the occurrence of knocking in an internal combustion engine that adopts a premix compression ignition combustion system.

Abstract: A direct cylinder injection-type spark ignition internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine comprises a spark plug, a cavity formed in the top surface of a piston, and a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into the cavity in nearly the shape of a fan having a relatively small thickness. When the fuel injected in nearly the shape of a fan from the fuel injection valve is considered by being divided into a plurality of fuel segments in a radial direction, a side wall of the cavity has a first fuel deflection passage 82a and a second fuel deflection passage 82b for so deflecting at least two of the plurality of fuel segments as to pass near the spark plug. The side wall of the cavity is at least partly provided with a return portion 83 that protrudes toward the inside of the cavity.

Abstract: A sound-absorbing material is attached to the bottom edge of a periphery of the lower portion of a car door 30. The material is positioned above the seal member 1 which makes a resilient contact with a body panel 20, and carries out the seal between the outside and the inside of the car. The material is made of a foam 10 having specific gravity of about 0.05-0.4. The material restrains the noise. The foam 10 may be provided with a plurality of protrusions 12 on the surface thereof, or it may be provided with a hollow part 13 along the longitudinal direction thereof.

Abstract: A car door structure comprises a door inner panel 11, an interior door trim 12 and a noise insulation sheet 20. The interior door trim 12 is installed in the interior side of the door inner panel 11. The noise insulation sheet 20 is provided between the door inner panel 11 and the door trim 12, where it is hung down from the upper side to the lower side of the door inner panel like a curtain. The noise insulation sheet 20 is fixed to either the door inner panel 11 or the door trim 12. The noise insulation sheet 20 is provided at about an upper half or a lower half of the door inner panel 11, or it is provided at a central part of the door inner panel 11 while dividing approximately into three sections in a vertical direction or a horizontal direction.

Abstract: An engine is operated in accordance with a plurality of operation modes obtained by combining one of a 4-cycle mode and a 2-cycle mode with one of a combustion ignition control where an ignition is performed with an ignition unit and a self ignition priority control including the ignition performed without the ignition unit. Upon switching of the operation mode, a transition cycle is performed once between a first operation mode before switching of the operation mode and a second operation mode after switching of the operation mode. Timing for operating an intake valve or an exhaust valve in the transition cycle is different from that in the second operation mode. The combustion ignition control is executed in one of the combustion chambers where the single operation of the transition cycle is completed until a single cycle of each transient cycle in the rest of the combustion chambers is terminated.