Abstract: A three-dimensional data creation method includes: creating first three-dimensional data from information detected by a sensor; receiving encoded three-dimensional data that is obtained by encoding second three-dimensional data; decoding the received encoded three-dimensional data to obtain the second three-dimensional data; and merging the first three-dimensional data with the second three-dimensional data to create third three-dimensional data.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data creation method in a client device includes: creating three-dimensional data of a surrounding area of the client device using sensor information that is obtained through a sensor equipped in the client device and indicates a surrounding condition of the client device; estimating a self-location of the client device using the three-dimensional data created; and transmitting the sensor information obtained to a server or an other client device.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, upon receipt of a printing instruction, a controller starts rotation of a heating member, starts rotation of a photoconductor drum when a standby time has elapsed from a time of the start of the rotation of the heating member, starts conveyance of a sheet after the start of the rotation of the photoconductor drum, and forms a toner image on the sheet after the start of the conveyance of the sheet. The controller is configured to be operated in one of selectable modes including a multicolor mode in which a toner image is formed using both of toner of a first color and a second color and a monochrome mode in which a toner image is formed using toner of the second color only. The standby time adopted in the monochrome mode is longer than the standby time adopted in the multicolor mode.

Abstract: A three-dimensional model distribution method includes: distributing a first model, which is a three-dimensional model of a target space in a target time period, in a first distribution mode; and distributing a second model, which is a three-dimensional model of the target space in the target time period and makes a smaller change per unit time than the first model, in a second distribution mode different from the first distribution mode.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data creation method in a client device includes: creating three-dimensional data of a surrounding area of the client device using sensor information that is obtained through a sensor equipped in the client device and indicates a surrounding condition of the client device; estimating a self-location of the client device using the three-dimensional data created; and transmitting the sensor information obtained to a server or an other client device.

Abstract: A solar array wing includes an extension mast to be extended from a wound state, and a support member, around which the extension mast is wound, to support the extension mast after the extension mast is extended. The support member is made of a fiber reinforced composite material. A coefficient of linear expansion of the fiber reinforced composite material, a unit of which is for each degree Celsius, in a direction that is orthogonal to an extension direction of the extension mast, is higher than or equal to ?1×10?6 and lower than or equal to 1×10?6.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: extracting, from first three-dimensional data, second three-dimensional data having an amount of a feature greater than or equal to a threshold; and encoding the second three-dimensional data to generate first encoded three-dimensional data. For example, the three-dimensional data encoding method may further include encoding the first three-dimensional data to generate the second encoded three-dimensional data.

Abstract: There is provided image forming apparatus including: casing; temperature sensor configured to detect temperature in the casing; image forming unit configured to form toner image on sheet; fuser which has heating member configured to heat the sheet, and which is configured to fix the toner image to the sheet; a fan; and a controller. The controller is configured to execute: changing of driving speed of the fan; and waiting control including: stopping supply, to the image forming unit, of next sheet, before the changing of the driving speed; completing the fixing of the toner image to the sheet, before the changing of the driving speed; and restarting supply of the next sheet to the image forming unit after the changing of the driving speed and after waiting time has elapsed since the completion of the fixing of the toner image to the sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprises a main body casing; a fixing unit which fixes a developer to a sheet by means of heating and pressurization; a fan which is provided to discharge air inside the main body casing to outside of the main body casing; and a controller. The fixing unit includes a heating unit which heats the sheet; and a temperature sensor which detects a temperature of the heating unit. When the fixing unit is fixing the developer to the sheet, the controller is configured to: determine a heating unit temperature based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor; stop the fan in a case of determining that the heating unit temperature is not less than a threshold value; and drive the fan in a case of determining that the heating unit temperature is less than the threshold value.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: generating an N-ary tree structure of three-dimensional points included in three-dimensional data, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; generating first encoded data by encoding a first branch using a first encoding process, the first branch having, as a root, a first node included in a first layer that is one of layers included in the N-ary tree structure; generating second encoded data by encoding a second branch using a second encoding process different from the first encoding process, the second branch having, as a root, a second node included in the first layer and different from the first node; and generating a bitstream including the first encoded data and the second encoded data.

Abstract: A three-dimensional model distribution method includes generating a depth image from a three-dimensional model; and distributing the depth image and information for restoring the three-dimensional model from the depth image.

Abstract: An encoding method according to the present disclosure includes: inputting three-dimensional data including three-dimensional coordinate data to a deep neural network (DNN); encoding the three-dimensional data by the DNN to generate encoded three-dimensional data; and outputting the encoded three-dimensional data.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, upon receipt of a printing instruction, a controller starts rotation of a heating member, starts rotation of a photoconductor drum when a standby time has elapsed from a time of the start of the rotation of the heating member, starts conveyance of a sheet after the start of the rotation of the photoconductor drum, and forms a toner image on the sheet after the start of the conveyance of the sheet. The controller is configured to be operated in one of selectable modes including a multicolor mode in which a toner image is formed using both of toner of a first color and a second color and a monochrome mode in which a toner image is formed using toner of the second color only. The standby time adopted in the monochrome mode is longer than the standby time adopted in the multicolor mode.

Abstract: A method for analyzing a three-dimensional model of an object which includes: obtaining the three-dimensional model generated based on images of the object, the images being imaged by respective cameras from respective viewpoints, the three-dimensional model including three-dimensional points each of which indicating a position of the object; obtaining a camera parameter of one camera among the respective cameras; generating, based on the camera parameter and the three-dimensional model, a depth image indicating a distance between the one camera and the object; generating a foreground image indicating an area in which the object is present in the one image imaged by the one camera; comparing the depth image and the foreground image to determine whether there is a deficiency of a three-dimensional point in the three-dimensional model; and outputting deficiency information if it is determined that there is the deficiency of the three-dimensional point in the three-dimensional model.

Abstract: A bearing steel part having a predetermined chemical composition, in which the number density of oxide particles having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 ?m or more, and containing CaO, Al2O3 and SiO2, such that the content ratio of Al2O3 with respect to the total mass of CaO, Al2O3, and SiO2 is 50% by mass or more, is 3.0/cm2 or less in an arbitrary cross section of the part, and in which the Vickers hardness at a depth of 50 ?m from a rolling surface is 750 or more, and in which the compressive residual stress at the rolling surface is 900 MPa or more. Also provided is a steel bar for a bearing steel part that is suitable for obtaining the foregoing bearing steel part.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: generating a bit sequence including N-bit information that is information of a current node included in an N-ary tree structure of three-dimensional points included in three-dimensional data and that indicates whether a three-dimensional point is present in each of child nodes belonging to the current node, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; generating (i) position information indicating a head position that is a position at which a predetermined code appears first in the bit sequence when the bit sequence is scanned in a predetermined scan order, and (ii) a remaining bit that is part of the bit sequence after the head position in the predetermined scan order; and encoding the position information and the remaining bit as information of the current node.

Abstract: A three-dimensional information processing method includes: obtaining, via a communication channel, map data that includes first three-dimensional position information; generating second three-dimensional position information from information detected by a sensor; judging whether one of the first three-dimensional position information and the second three-dimensional position information is abnormal by performing, on one of the first three-dimensional position information and the second three-dimensional position information, a process of judging whether an abnormality is present; determining a coping operation to cope with the abnormality when one of the first three-dimensional position information and the second three-dimensional position information is judged to be abnormal; and executing a control that is required to perform the coping operation.

Abstract: A three-dimensional information processing method includes: obtaining, via a communication channel, map data that includes first three-dimensional position information; generating second three-dimensional position information from information detected by a sensor; judging whether one of the first three-dimensional position information and the second three-dimensional position information is abnormal by performing, on one of the first three-dimensional position information and the second three-dimensional position information, a process of judging whether an abnormality is present; determining a coping operation to cope with the abnormality when one of the first three-dimensional position information and the second three-dimensional position information is judged to be abnormal; and executing a control that is required to perform the coping operation.

Abstract: A three-dimensional data encoding method includes: generating first information in which an N-ary tree structure of a plurality of three-dimensional points included in three-dimensional data is expressed using a first formula, where N is an integer of 2 or higher; and generating a bitstream including the first information. The first information includes pieces of three-dimensional point information each associated with a corresponding one of the plurality of three-dimensional points. The pieces of three-dimensional point information each include indexes each associated with a corresponding one of a plurality of levels in the N-ary tree structure. The indexes each indicate a subblock, among N subblocks belonging to a corresponding one of the plurality of levels, to which a corresponding one of the plurality of three-dimensional points belongs.

Abstract: A generation device includes: a communication interface via which two-dimensional (2D) images are to be received, the 2D images having been generated by photographing a space from different viewpoints with at least one camera; and a processor connected to the communication interface and configured to determine, according to the 2D images, a matching pattern to match feature points included in two pictures among the 2D images, match the feature points according to the matching pattern in order to generate first three-dimensional (3D) points, the first 3D points indicating respective first positions in the space, generate second 3D point based on the 2D images, the second 3D point indicating a second position in the space, and generate a 3D model of the space based on the first 3D points and the second 3D point.