Abstract: A prediction device that predicts time for a reducing agent accommodated in a container mounted on a work vehicle to freeze includes a remaining amount information acquisition unit configured to acquire remaining amount information indicating a remaining amount of the reducing agent in the container, a wall surface temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a detection result of a wall surface temperature of the container, a reducing agent temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a detection result of a temperature of the reducing agent, and a time calculation unit configured to calculate the time for the reducing agent to freeze based on the wall surface temperature, the reducing agent temperature, and the remaining amount information.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which has a TLR4 activating effect and can be used as an immunostimulant or an adjuvant in vaccines or allergen immunotherapy. The present invention provides a compound represented by the general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In this context, X, Y, Z and n in the formula (I) are each as defined herein.

Abstract: An ignition system has an ignition plug and an ignition control unit that controls the ignition plug. When an engine is in a predetermined operating state, the ignition control unit performs ignition control after top dead center to perform ignition after the compression top dead center. The ignition system has an airflow support structure that facilitates the flow of airflow through a discharge gap at least after the compression top dead center. The ignition system is configured such that due to the airflow support structure and the timing of the ignition, airflow at a flow rate of 5 m/s or more flows through the discharge gap during a spark period after top dead center, which is the generation period of the discharge spark in the ignition control after top dead center.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vaccine for preventing and/or treating infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The present invention relates to a lipid particle encapsulating a nucleic acid molecule capable of expressing the S protein and/or a fragment thereof of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), wherein the lipid comprises a cationic lipid represented by general formula (Ia) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1 and R2 each independently represent a C1-C3 alkyl group; L1 represents a C17-C19 alkenyl group which may have one or a plurality of C2-C4 alkanoyloxy groups; L2 represents a C10-C19 alkyl group which may have one or a plurality of C2-C4 alkanoyloxy groups or a C10-C19 alkenyl group which may have one or a plurality of C2-C4 alkanoyloxy groups; and p is 3 or 4.

Abstract: An ignition system includes a dividing wall which divides a combustion chamber of an engine into a main chamber and a pre-chamber and has formed therein at least one spray hole which communicates between the main chamber and the pre-chamber, and a spark plug in which voltage is applied across a spark gap between a first electrode and a second electrode to create an electrical spark to ignite fuel. The pre-chamber has the first electrode. The dividing wall or a member which electrically conducts with the dividing wall has the second electrode. The ignition system executes an after-top-dead-center ignition control mode to ignite fuel after a compression stroke top dead center. In the after-top-dead-center ignition control mode, an ignition source which is in the form of a self-growable flame kernel is provided in a spray hole-nearby region, the spray hole, or the main chamber within a crank angle of 20° after an ignition timing at which the voltage starts to be applied across the spark gap.

Abstract: An ignition system has an ignition plug and an ignition control unit that controls the ignition plug. When an engine is in a predetermined operating state, the ignition control unit performs ignition control after top dead center to perform ignition after the compression top dead center. The ignition system has an airflow support structure that facilitates the flow of airflow through a discharge gap at least after the compression top dead center. The ignition system is configured such that due to the airflow support structure and the timing of the ignition, airflow at a flow rate of 5 m/s or more flows through the discharge gap during a spark period after top dead center, which is the generation period of the discharge spark in the ignition control after top dead center.

Abstract: A heat treatment device includes first heat transfer bodies including first flow channels, second heat transfer bodies including second flow channels and each being stacked on the respective first heat transfer bodies, and a casing having a space communicating with the second flow channels and being in contact with each surface including the edge of the connection interface between each first heat transfer body and each second heat transfer body. The first heat transfer bodies each include a third flow channel provided in a wall portion isolating the first flow channels from the space of the casing. The first flow channels are grooves in contact with the connection interface, and the third flow channel is a groove in contact with the connection interface and intersecting with a virtual line connecting the first flow channels with the space of the casing at the connection interface.

Abstract: A reactor includes: a main reactor core including main reaction flow channels through which the raw material fluid flows, and main temperature control flow channels through which the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the main reaction flow channel; and a pre-reactor core including pre-reaction flow channels of which an outlet side connects with an inlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the raw material fluid flows, and pre-temperature control flow channels of which an inlet side connects with an outlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the product serving as the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the pre-reaction flow channel.

Abstract: Upon reception of ACK via a communication IF, an allocator allocates a channel of a repeater to be controlled to communications between wireless terminals. A determination unit determines whether channels allocatable to the communications between the wireless terminals are short. When the determination unit has determined that the allocatable channels are short, a switching controller controls at least one repeater, among repeaters to be controlled by a repeater controller, that serves as a controlling repeater to cause the repeater to transmit, to a wireless terminal standing by in the channel of the repeater, a switching signal designating standby in a channel of a repeater that is controlled by another repeater controller.

Abstract: A reactor includes: a main reactor core including main reaction flow channels through which the raw material fluid flows, and main temperature control flow channels through which the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the main reaction flow channel; and a pre-reactor core including pre-reaction flow channels of which an outlet side connects with an inlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the raw material fluid flows, and pre-temperature control flow channels of which an inlet side connects with an outlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the product serving as the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the pre-reaction flow channel.

Abstract: A reactor includes: a main reactor core including main reaction flow channels through which the raw material fluid flows, and main temperature control flow channels through which the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the main reaction flow channel; and a pre-reactor core including pre-reaction flow channels of which an outlet side connects with an inlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the raw material fluid flows, and pre-temperature control flow channels of which an inlet side connects with an outlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the product serving as the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the pre-reaction flow channel.

Abstract: A reactor includes a reaction unit, a first pipe, a second pipe, a composition analysis unit connected to the first pipe, a regulating unit connected to the second pipe so as to regulate a flow rate or the like of a second fluid, a control unit causing the regulating unit to regulate the flow rate or the like of the second fluid in accordance with a composition of a product analyzed by the composition analysis unit so that a temperature of a third fluid is controlled to lead the composition of the product to keep a predetermined reaction rate or yield, and a first temperature measurement unit connected to the first pipe so as to measure the temperature of the third fluid. The control unit acquires the information on the temperature of the third fluid from the first temperature measurement unit.

Abstract: A heat treatment device includes first heat transfer bodies including first flow channels, second heat transfer bodies including second flow channels and each being stacked on the respective first heat transfer bodies, and a casing having a space communicating with the second flow channels and being in contact with each surface including the edge of the connection interface between each first heat transfer body and each second heat transfer body. The first heat transfer bodies each include a third flow channel provided in a wall portion isolating the first flow channels from the space of the casing. The first flow channels are grooves in contact with the connection interface, and the third flow channel is a groove in contact with the connection interface and intersecting with a virtual line connecting the first flow channels with the space of the casing at the connection interface.

Abstract: A reactor as a heat treatment device includes heat transfer structures removably placed in first flow channels, a first information acquisition unit connected to the inlet side of the first flow channels to acquire information for specifying a temperature and a flow rate of the first fluid which are reference conditions after lapses of time, a second information acquisition unit connected to the outlet side of the first flow channels to acquire the information for specifying the temperature of the first fluid after each lapse of time, and a control unit that calculates a heat exchange amount after each lapse of time in accordance with the temperature and the flow rate specified according to the information acquired by the first information acquisition unit and the second information acquisition unit, so as to estimate a service life of the heat transfer structures in accordance with the heat exchange amount.

Abstract: A reactor includes a reaction unit, a first pipe, a second pipe, a composition analysis unit connected to the first pipe, a regulating unit connected to the second pipe so as to regulate a flow rate or the like of a second fluid, a control unit causing the regulating unit to regulate the flow rate or the like of the second fluid in accordance with a composition of a product analyzed by the composition analysis unit so that a temperature of a third fluid is controlled to lead the composition of the product to keep a predetermined reaction rate or yield, and a first temperature measurement unit connected to the first pipe so as to measure the temperature of the third fluid. The control unit acquires the information on the temperature of the third fluid from the first temperature measurement unit.

Abstract: A reactor as a heat treatment device includes heat transfer structures removably placed in first flow channels, a first information acquisition unit connected to the inlet side of the first flow channels to acquire information for specifying a temperature and a flow rate of the first fluid which are reference conditions after lapses of time, a second information acquisition unit connected to the outlet side of the first flow channels to acquire the information for specifying the temperature of the first fluid after each lapse of time, and a control unit that calculates a heat exchange amount after each lapse of time in accordance with the temperature and the flow rate specified according to the information acquired by the first information acquisition unit and the second information acquisition unit, so as to estimate a service life of the heat transfer structures in accordance with the heat exchange amount.

Abstract: A heat treatment device causing a first fluid and a second fluid to flow therethrough includes heat transfer bodies including first flow channels through which the first fluid flows and second flow channels through which the second fluid flows adjacent to the first flow channels without contact, and pipe-like members detachably placed in the first flow channels and each including a pipe wall having an outer wall surface conforming to a wall surface defining each first flow channel and an inner wall surface with which the first fluid comes into contact.

Abstract: A reactor has a heat exchanging body including therein a heat medium flow channel in which heat medium flows, and a reaction flow channel in which a reaction fluid flows, to exchange heat between the heat medium and the reaction fluid. A heat transfer promoter is provided in the heat medium flow channel and comes in close contact with the heat exchanging body to promote heat transfer between the heat medium and the heat exchanging body. The heat transfer promoter is an assembly of partial heat transfer promoters of a plurality of types. Replacing the partial heat transfer promoter with another type one, temperature distribution in the heat exchanging body is adjusted.

Abstract: Upon reception of ACK via a communication IF, an allocator allocates a channel of a repeater to be controlled to communications between wireless terminals. A determination unit determines whether channels allocatable to the communications between the wireless terminals are short. When the determination unit has determined that the allocatable channels are short, a switching controller controls at least one repeater, among repeaters to be controlled by a repeater controller, that serves as a controlling repeater to cause the repeater to transmit, to a wireless terminal standing by in the channel of the repeater, a switching signal designating standby in a channel of a repeater that is controlled by another repeater controller.

Abstract: A reactor has a heat exchanging body having a heat medium flow channel that a heat medium fluid flows and a reaction flow channel that a reaction fluid flow, and at least one detection part for detecting temperature of a fluid in one or both of the heat medium flow channel and the reaction flow channel. At least one installation hole extends in a skew position to the flow channel and includes an opening portion communicating with the flow channel. The detection part is installed at the opening portion and contacts the flowing fluid. At least one fluid guide hole is formed along the flow channel from the opening portion of the installation hole.