Abstract: A pile is provided for installing poles in loose soils such as marshes, muskegs or granular soils. The pile is hollow, cylindrical and open-ended. It uses a serrated bottom end for cutting through the ground, and has retainment slots at its top end for slidably engaging a spinner bar for rotating the pile. The pile may be used with an auger to enhance ground penetration during installation of the pile. The pile is modularly extendible in lengths to thirty feet or more. The pile is twisted into the ground using high-torque hydraulically driven digger motors mounted on commercially available construction equipment.

Abstract: This invention relates to a portable grounding mat, and more particularly to a mat specifically designed to protect electrical workers by providing a zone of equi-potential. The mat comprises a flexible base to which is attached at least two conductive elements laid out in a continuous pattern.