Abstract: A toner set has a white toner and a color toner, in which in a case where Cw [mg/L] represents an amount of a cation on a surface of the white toner, measured by ion chromatography, and Cc [mg/L] represents an amount of a cation on a surface of the color toner, measured by ion chromatography, the toner set satisfies Conditions (1) and (2). 0.3 mg/L?Cc?1.2 mg/L??(1) (Cw/Cc)?0.

Abstract: A secondary battery with little deterioration is provided. A secondary battery with high safety is provided. A separator having excellent characteristics is provided. A separator achieving the secondary battery with high safety is provided. A novel separator is provided. In the separator, a polymer porous film and a layer including a ceramic-based material containing a metal oxide microparticle are stacked, the thickness of the layer including a ceramic-based material is greater than or equal to 1 ?m and less than or equal to 100 ?m, and the film thickness of the polymer porous film is greater than or equal to 4 ?m and less than or equal to 50 ?m.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing white toner includes white toner particles including a binder resin and a white coloring agent; and an external additive including poly(meth)acrylate particles, wherein the white toner particles have a volume-average particle size D50W of 6.0 ?m or more and 10 ?m or less, a ratio of the white toner particles having a particle size of 3.2 ?m or less relative to all the white toner particles is 0.5 vol % or more and 3 vol % or less, the white toner particles have a specific surface area Sw of 0.7 cm2/g or more and 1.2 cm2/g or less, and an external addition amount of the poly(meth)acrylate particles relative to the white toner particles is 0.1 mass % or more and 2.0 mass % or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner set contains a white toner that contains white toner particles including a binder resin, a white colorant, and a release agent, and a non-white color toner that contains color toner particles including a binder resin, a color colorant, and a release agent, in which, in observation of cross sections of the white toner particles and the color toner particles, in a case where a proportion of an area of a domain of a release agent present in a surface layer region from a surface of the white toner particles to a depth of 1 ?m or less with respect to an area of all domains of the release agent present in a cross section of the white toner particles is represented by WW, and a case where a proportion of an area of a domain of a release agent present in a surface layer region from a surface of the color toner particles to a depth of 1 ?m or less with respect to an area of all domains of the release agent present in a cross section of the color toner particles is represe

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant member including: a metal base material (10); a corrosion-resistant coating (30) formed on the surface of the base material (10); and a buffer layer (20) formed between the base material (10) and the corrosion-resistant coating (30). The base material (10) contains a main element having the highest mass content ratio among elements contained in the base material (10) and a trace element having a mass content ratio of 1% by mass or less. The corrosion-resistant coating (30) contains at least one kind selected from magnesium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, and aluminum oxide. The buffer layer (20) contains an element of the same kind as the trace element, and the content ratio obtained by energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the element of the same kind as the trace element contained in the buffer layer (20) is 2% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less.

Abstract: There is provided a corrosion-resistant member in which a corrosion-resistant coating film is less likely to peel off from a base material even when the corrosion-resistant member is subjected to a thermal history. The corrosion-resistant member includes: a base material (10) containing aluminum or an aluminum alloy; and a corrosion-resistant coating film (20) formed on the surface of the base material (10), in which the corrosion-resistant coating film (20) contains aluminum fluoride hydroxide AlF3?x(OH)x in which a space group belongs to R-3c, and x in the chemical formula is 0.05 or more and 1.00 or less.

Abstract: A pixel circuit driving method is a method for driving a pixel circuit that includes a drive transistor that supplies a current corresponding to a signal voltage supplied via a signal line, a write transistor connected between the signal line and a gate electrode of the drive transistor, and an organic EL element that emits light in accordance with the current. The pixel circuit driving method includes supplying a reference potential to the gate electrode of the drive transistor before a threshold correction preparation operation of making a gate-source voltage of the drive transistor higher than a threshold voltage of the drive transistor.

Abstract: A process monitor includes a photodetector that separately measures intensities of radiant light from a semiconductor member being annealed, in a plurality of wavelength ranges that are different from each other, and a processing device that obtains a physical quantity related to the semiconductor member that changes due to annealing, based on the intensities in the plurality of wavelength ranges measured by the photodetector.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant member including: a metal base material (10); a corrosion-resistant coating (30) formed on the surface of the base material (10); and a buffer layer (20) formed between the base material (10) and the corrosion-resistant coating (30). The base material (10) contains a main element having the highest mass content ratio among elements contained in the base material (10) and a trace element having a mass content ratio of 1% by mass or less. The corrosion-resistant coating (30) contains at least one kind selected from magnesium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, and aluminum oxide. The buffer layer (20) contains an element of the same kind as the trace element, and the content ratio obtained by energy dispersive X-ray analysis of the element of the same kind as the trace element contained in the buffer layer (20) is 2% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant member including: a metal base material (10); and a corrosion-resistant coating (30) formed on the surface of the base material (10). The corrosion-resistant coating (30) is a stack of a magnesium fluoride layer (31) and an aluminum fluoride layer (32) in order from the base material (10) side. The aluminum fluoride layer (32) has a first crystalline region (32A) and a second crystalline region (32B) containing crystalline aluminum fluoride. The first crystalline region (32A) is a region in which diffraction spot arrays having regularity are observed in an electron beam diffraction image obtained by irradiation with electron beams having a beam diameter of 10 nm to 20 nm. The second crystalline region (32B) is a region in which a plurality of diffraction spots is observed but diffraction spot arrays having regularity are not observed in an electron beam diffraction image obtained by irradiation with the above-described electron beams.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant member including: a metal base material (10); and a corrosion-resistant coating (30) formed on the surface of the base material (10). The corrosion-resistant coating (30) is a stack of a magnesium fluoride layer (31) and an aluminum fluoride layer (32) in order from the base material (10) side. The aluminum fluoride layer (32) is a stack of a first crystalline layer (32A) containing crystalline aluminum fluoride, an amorphous layer (32B) containing amorphous aluminum fluoride, and a second crystalline layer (32C) containing crystalline aluminum fluoride in order from the magnesium fluoride layer (31) side. The first crystalline layer (32A) and the second crystalline layer (32C) are layers in which diffraction spots are observed in electron beam diffraction images obtained by electron beam irradiation and the amorphous layer (32B) is a layer in which a halo pattern is observed in an electron beam diffraction image obtained by electron beam irradiation.

Abstract: A chuck plate is disposed between an annealing object and a holding table. The chuck plate has a function of attenuating thermal radiation light radiated from the annealing object and directed toward the holding table. The use of the chuck plate makes it possible to increase the accuracy of temperature measured by detection of thermal radiation light.

Abstract: A pixel circuit driving method is a method for driving a pixel circuit that includes a drive transistor that supplies a current corresponding to a signal voltage supplied via a signal line, a write transistor connected between the signal line and a gate electrode of the drive transistor, and an organic EL element that emits light in accordance with the current. The pixel circuit driving method includes supplying a reference potential to the gate electrode of the drive transistor before a threshold correction preparation operation of making a gate-source voltage of the drive transistor higher than a threshold voltage of the drive transistor.

Abstract: A laser beam from a laser optical system is incident onto a semiconductor wafer. Thermal radiation light from the semiconductor wafer is incident onto an infrared detector. The infrared detector outputs a signal based on the intensity of the thermal radiation light. A processing device calculates a sheet resistance of the semiconductor wafer that is annealed by the laser beam on the basis of an output value of the infrared detector, and outputs a calculation value of the sheet resistance to an output device.

Abstract: There is provided an annealing device including a heating unit that heats a surface of an annealing object to temporarily melt an outer layer portion, a sensor that detects thermal radiation light from the annealing object heated by the heating unit, and a processing unit that estimates an annealing result of the annealing object on the basis of a waveform showing a temporal change in an intensity of the thermal radiation light detected by the sensor.

Abstract: A chuck plate is disposed between an annealing object and a holding table. The chuck plate has a function of attenuating thermal radiation light radiated from the annealing object and directed toward the holding table. The use of the chuck plate makes it possible to increase the accuracy of temperature measured by detection of thermal radiation light.

Abstract: There is provided a laser machining device including a heat radiation measurement unit that measures intensity of heat radiation of a workpiece irradiated with a laser beam, and a determination unit that determines a state of a target by defining an object used in machining work as the target, based on the intensity of the heat radiation measured by the heat radiation measurement unit.

Abstract: A laser beam from a laser optical system is incident onto a semiconductor wafer. Thermal radiation light from the semiconductor wafer is incident onto an infrared detector. The infrared detector outputs a signal based on the intensity of the thermal radiation light. A processing device calculates a sheet resistance of the semiconductor wafer that is annealed by the laser beam on the basis of an output value of the infrared detector, and outputs a calculation value of the sheet resistance to an output device.

Abstract: An optical module including a plurality of laser diodes and outputting optical beams emitted from the laser diodes includes a radiator unit for radiating heat and a case enclosing the optical module. The case has a first attachment surface to which a red laser diode is attached, a second attachment surface to which a green laser diode is attached, and a corner part where the first and second attachment surfaces intersect with each other. The optical module has a first attachment part, for connecting the case to the radiator unit, in the vicinity of the corner part.

Abstract: A fixing structure of an optical component is composed of a device chassis; a holder holding an optical component; first and second plate parts for joint to the device chassis and a connecting part of both the plate parts are formed in the holder; a plurality of joint holes are formed in the second plate part; a U-groove into which the connecting part of the holder is fitted and a plurality of through-holes are formed in the device chassis; and an adhesive that is extended in a circular columnar shape and is made by inserting the holder into the U-groove of the device chassis, and applying a UV-curing adhesive in such a manner that the UV-curing adhesive is bonded to the first plate part of the holder and is continuous to the inside of the joint hole via the inside of the through-hole, and radiating UV light along the through-hole.