Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a jugular vein pressure waveform includes a rotation sensor configured to produce a measurement signal when being against a skin of an individual and in a movement sensing relation with a jugular vein of the individual. The apparatus includes a processing system configured to receive the measurement signal and produce a waveform of a motion of the skin in a direction perpendicular to the skin based on the measurement signal indicative of rotation of the rotation sensor, where the waveform of the motion of the skin is indicative of the jugular vein pressure waveform. The rotation sensor that measures rotation is more insensitive to movements not related to variation of the jugular vein pressure than for example an acceleration sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring functionality of an arterial system of an individual includes a photoplethysmography sensor for emitting, to the arterial system, electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength in the range from 475 nm to 600 nm and for receiving a part of the electromagnetic radiation reflected off the arterial system. The apparatus further includes a pressure instrument for managing mechanical pressure applied on the arterial system when the photoplethysmography sensor emits and receives the electromagnetic radiation to and from the arterial system. The effect of the mechanical pressure on the envelope of the reflected electromagnetic radiation can be used for determining diastolic blood pressure of arteries or for determining whether there is normal endothelial function.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing information indicative of cardiac condition includes a processing system (301) for receiving a rotation signal indicative of rotational movement of a chest. The processing system is configured to form one or more indicator quantities each being derivable from an energy spectral density based on one or more samples of the rotation signal, where each sample has a temporal length. The processing system is configured to determine an indicator of cardiac condition on the basis of the one or more indicator quantities. The determination of the cardiac condition is based on that for example myocardial infarction causes changes in the energy spectral density. Thus, it is possible to distinguish between for example myocardial infarction and plain heartburn.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing information indicative of cardiac condition includes a processing system for receiving a rotation signal indicative of rotational movement of a chest. The processing system is configured to form one or more indicator quantities each being derivable from an energy spectral density based on one or more samples of the rotation signal, where each sample has a temporal length. The processing system is configured to determine an indicator of cardiac condition on the basis of the one or more indicator quantities. The determination of the cardiac condition is based on that for example myocardial infarction causes changes in the energy spectral density. Thus, it is possible to distinguish between for example myocardial infarction and plain heartburn.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing information indicative of cardiac abnormality, for example Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction “HFpEF”, includes a signal interface for receiving a signal indicative of cardiac motion and a processing system coupled to the signal interface. The processing system is configured to extract, from the signal, temporal portions which belong to diastolic phases of a heart. The processing system is configured to set an output signal of the apparatus to express presence of cardiac abnormality based on a result of a comparison between the indicator quantity and a threshold value.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising two charge amplifiers configured to receive input from an acceleration sensor and to each produce one first output signal, a differential amplifier configured to receive the first output signals and to amplify a difference between the first output signals to produce two second outputs signals.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for heartbeat detection, comprising: means for forming a first amplified signal and a second amplified signal on the basis of an input signal representative of heartbeat, means for forming a third signal by inverting the second signal and adding a base voltage, and means for indicating an overlap of the first signal and the third signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing information indicative of cardiac malfunctions, for example atrial fibrillation, includes a processing system for processing an analysis signal produced by a sensor system responsive to motion including cardiovascular motion. The processing system is configured to form a first indicator quantity indicating degree of concentration of the autocorrelation of the analysis signal to a point corresponding to zero time difference between analysis signal samples whose mutual correlation is expressed by the autocorrelation and a second indicator quantity indicating the spectral entropy of the analysis signal. The processing system is configured to determine an indicator of cardiac malfunction on the basis of at least the first indicator quantity and the second indicator quantity.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining information indicative of cardiac malfunctions and abnormalities includes a processing device (502) configured to detect amplitude variation from a signal indicative of cardiovascular motion, where the amplitude variation element variation of the amplitude of a wave pattern, e.g. the AO-peak, repeating on the heart-beat rate on the signal. The processing device is configured to determine, at least partly on the basis of the detected amplitude variation, an indicator of cardiac malfunction and abnormality.

Abstract: A device that includes a sensor of angular motion configured to obtain an angular ballistograph signal indicative of rotational movement of a chest of a subject. Signal processing means are configured to generate from this angular ballistocardiograph signal measured values of an output parameter, which is indicative of cardiac operation of the subject.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing information indicative of cardiac condition includes a processing system for receiving a rotation signal indicative of rotational movement of a chest. The processing system is configured to form one or more indicator quantities each being derivable from an energy spectral density based on one or more samples of the rotation signal, where each sample has a temporal length. The processing system is configured to determine an indicator of cardiac condition on the basis of the one or more indicator quantities. The determination of the cardiac condition is based on that for example myocardial infarction causes changes in the energy spectral density. Thus, it is possible to distinguish between for example myocardial infarction and plain heartburn.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for heartbeat detection, comprising: means for forming a first amplified signal and a second amplified signal on the basis of an input signal representative of heartbeat, means for forming a third signal by inverting the second signal and adding a base voltage, and means for indicating an overlap of the first signal and the third signal.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising two charge amplifiers configured to receive input from an acceleration sensor and to each produce one first output signal, a differential amplifier configured to receive the first output signals and to amplify a difference between the first output signals to produce two second outputs signals.

Abstract: A rotor for an electric machine, the rotor including a rotor core having an outer portion and an inner portion located closer to the rotation axis of the rotor core than the outer portion. The outer portion is connected to the inner portion through a plurality of spokes, and the rotor core is adapted to be connected to a rotor shaft by a shrink fit. Each of the spokes includes at least one skew portion extending in a spoke angle relative to a radial direction of the rotor core, the spoke angle being greater than 30°.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing information indicative of cardiac malfunctions, for example atrial fibrillation, includes a processing system for processing an analysis signal produced by a sensor system responsive to motion including cardiovascular motion. The processing system is configured to form a first indicator quantity indicating degree of concentration of the autocorrelation of the analysis signal to a point corresponding to zero time difference between analysis signal samples whose mutual correlation is expressed by the autocorrelation and a second indicator quantity indicating the spectral entropy of the analysis signal. The processing system is configured to determine an indicator of cardiac malfunction on the basis of at least the first indicator quantity and the second indicator quantity.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining information indicative of cardiac malfunctions includes a processing device (602) configured to detect whether the time-trend of a signal indicative of cardiovascular motion manifests an indicative phenomenon where the amplitude of a first heartbeat is greater than the amplitude of a second heartbeat and the temporary heartbeat rate is greater prior to the first heartbeat than prior to the second heartbeat. The processing device is further configured to produce an indicator of cardiac malfunction, e.g. an indicator of atrial fibrillation, in response to a situation in which the indicative phenomenon is detected to be present.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining information indicative of cardiac malfunctions and abnormalities includes a processing device (402) configured to extract, from a signal indicative of electromagnetic phenomena related to cardiac activity, a first wave pattern repeating on a heart-beat rate and, from a signal indicative of cardiovascular motion, a second wave pattern repeating on the heart-beat rate. The processing device is configured to form timing data such that each timing value of the timing data is indicative of a time period from a reference point of the first wave pattern belonging to one heart-beat period to a reference point of the second wave pattern belonging to the same heart-beat period. The processing device is configured to determine, at least partly on the basis of the timing data, an indicator of cardiac malfunction and abnormality.

Abstract: A device that includes a sensor of angular motion configured to obtain an angular ballistograph signal indicative of rotational movement of a chest of a subject. Signal processing means are configured to generate from this angular ballistocardiograph signal measured values of an output parameter, which is indicative of cardiac operation of the subject.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining information indicative of cardiac malfunctions includes a processing device (602) configured to detect whether the time-trend of a signal indicative of cardiovascular motion manifests an indicative phenomenon where the amplitude of a first heartbeat is greater than the amplitude of a second heartbeat and the temporary heartbeat rate is greater prior to the first heartbeat than prior to the second heartbeat. The processing device is further configured to produce an indicator of cardiac malfunction, e.g. an indicator of atrial fibrillation, in response to a situation in which the indicative phenomenon is detected to be present.

Abstract: The invention relates to sewable tamper detection elements for radio frequency identification devices, and to radio frequency identification devices with such tamper detection elements. The devices can be sewn into a seam of a garment so that the tamper detection element is partially inside the garment, e.g. as part of a care label. This makes removing the device difficult without breaking the tamper detection element, and thereby shoplifting attempts can be more reliably noticed. For this purpose, the tamper detection element is formed so that sewing through it does not break the element. The radio frequency identification device may be formed asymmetric so that the tamper detection element is on a different side from the antenna elements with respect to the chip. In this manner, the disturbance from the tamper detection element to the antenna can be minimized. The tamper detection element may be formed so that it contains a transparent opening on which text can be printed.