Abstract: A preamble generating unit generates first and second synchronization preambles having different numbers of subcarriers. A transmission signal generating unit generates an OFDM transmission signal through time-division multiplexing by using the generated first and second synchronization preambles. A transmission RF unit converts the generated OFDM transmission signal into a radio-frequency OFDM signal and transmits the radio-frequency OFDM signal. The preamble generating unit adds a predetermined dummy period between the first synchronization preamble and the second synchronization preamble.

Abstract: A tuner receives a received signal using one of a plurality of transmission formats that use at least one of either a first frequency or a second frequency band. A determination unit determines the transmission format being used in the received signal from among the plurality of transmission formats. In the determination unit, a pattern matching unit stores in advance a plurality of patterns respectively expressing a received waveform of a preamble in each of the plurality of transmission formats, conducts a pattern matching process between the received signal and the each of the plurality of patterns, and obtains a correlation value. A transmission mode determination unit determines the transmission format being used in the received signal on the basis of the correlation value.

Abstract: An interfering wave is detected using, in a received signal including a preamble and a control signal field, a plurality of symbols including a symbol configuring the preamble and a symbol configuring the control signal field. The received signal has one of a plurality of transmission formats that use at least either a first frequency band or a second frequency band. In a signal quality detector, a symbol differential calculator calculates, in each of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, differences between a certain number of symbols adjacent to one another at predetermined positions in a time domain among the plurality of symbols. A square operator performs square operations on results of the calculation of differences. An interference determiner determines, using results of the square operations, whether each of the first frequency band and the second frequency band includes an interfering wave.

Abstract: A carrier recovering apparatus, in which degradation of the demodulation performance caused when a pilot signal cannot be normally received is suppressed, includes a rotation calculator for multiplying a baseband signal and an oscillation signal and outputting a multiplied signal; a pilot signal extractor for extracting a pilot signal from the signal output from the rotation calculator; an error detection controller for outputting a phase error between the pilot signal and a reference signal as a value restricted within a given range; a loop filter for smoothing the phase error output from the error detection controller and outputting the smoothed phase error; and a variable frequency oscillator for generating a signal in accordance with the output of the loop filter and outputting the generated signal as the oscillation signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a complex which comprises a carbon nanotube and a modified polysaccharide having a backbone chain with the side thereof being introduced with monosaccharide or oligosaccharide residues. The polysaccharide is preferably ?-1,3-glucan. The complex is prepared by admixing a solution of the modified polysaccharide dissolved in an aprotic polar solvent or a strong alkali solution with an aqueous dispersion of the carbon nanotube, and incubating the mixture.

Abstract: A carrier recovery device includes a first carrier recovery unit configured to multiply a baseband signal by a first carrier to obtain a first demodulated signal, and generate the first carrier based on a first phase error in a pilot signal extracted from the first demodulated signal, a second carrier recovery unit configured to multiply the baseband signal by a second carrier to obtain a second demodulated signal, and generate the second carrier based on a second phase error in a pilot signal extracted from the second demodulated signal, and a selector configured to select one of the first and second demodulated signals which has been obtained by one of the first and second carrier recovery units whose carrier recovery operation has reached a predetermined steady state earlier than that of the other, based on the first phase error and the second phase error, and output the selected demodulated signal.

Abstract: A carrier recovering apparatus, in which degradation of the demodulation performance caused when a pilot signal cannot be normally received is suppressed, includes a rotation calculator for multiplying a baseband signal and an oscillation signal and outputting a multiplied signal; a pilot signal extractor for extracting a pilot signal from the signal output from the rotation calculator; an error detection controller for outputting a phase error between the pilot signal and a reference signal as a value restricted within a given range; a loop filter for smoothing the phase error output from the error detection controller and outputting the smoothed phase error; and a variable frequency oscillator for generating a signal in accordance with the output of the loop filter and outputting the generated signal as the oscillation signal.

Abstract: To keep the average amplitude of a signal substantially constant, a digital AGC device includes: a first multiplier for multiplying an in-phase signal and a filter output signal together and outputting a result of the multiplication; a second multiplier for multiplying a quadrature signal and the filter output signal together and outputting a result of the multiplication; a determination unit for making an enable signal valid and outputting the enable signal when the outputs from the first and second multipliers satisfy a condition defined according to a threshold signal; a sum-of-square averaging unit for obtaining and outputting a time average of a sum of squares of the respective outputs from the first and second multipliers when the enable signal is valid; a subtractor for obtaining and outputting a difference between a reference signal and the operation result of the sum-of-square averaging unit; and a loop filter for smoothing the output from the subtractor and outputting the smoothed output as the filt

Abstract: Each of a first oversampling filter and a second oversampling filter oversamples to an n×m times as high frequency as a symbol rate. The first and second oversampling filters then output output data having a sampling frequency to first and second CIC filters, respectively.

Abstract: A first interpolation section 14 and a second interpolation section 24 perform sampling on input data Id4 and Qd4 having a sampling frequency fover so that resulting data will have a sampling frequency fsamp, which is equal to an operating clock frequency of a digital-to-analog converter, which is an output destination. In the above manner, the data is interpolated. At this time, the first interpolation section 14 and the second interpolation section 24 perform interpolation using a frequency ratio between the sampling frequency fover and the sampling frequency fsamp. Then, output data Id5 and Qd5 having the sampling frequency fsamp is outputted to a quadrature modulation section 31.

Abstract: Disclosed is a complex which comprises a carbon nanotube and a modified polysaccharide having a backbone chain with the side thereof being introduced with monosaccharide or oligosaccharide residues. The polysaccharide is preferably ?-1,3-glucan. The complex is prepared by admixing a solution of the modified polysaccharide dissolved in an aprotic polar solvent or a strong alkali solution with an aqueous dispersion of the carbon nanotube, and incubating the mixture.

Abstract: A carrier recovery apparatus capable of detecting a phase error of modulation signal by a simple calculation, reducing the circuit scale, and improving the frequency capture characteristic and phase jitter characteristic is presented. This carrier recovery apparatus comprises a symbol estimating unit for estimating the transmitted symbol, a phase error detector for generating a normalized phase error signal on the basis of the estimated symbol and reception signal, a loop filter for filtering the phase error, and a numerical control oscillator controlled by the loop filter.

Abstract: Each of a first oversampling filter and a second oversampling filter oversamples to an n×m times as high frequency as a symbol rate. The first and second oversampling filters then output output data having a sampling frequency to first and second CIC filters, respectively.

Abstract: A first interpolation section 14 and a second interpolation section 24 perform sampling on input data Id4 and Qd4 having a sampling frequency fover so that resulting data will have a sampling frequency fsamp, which is equal to an operating clock frequency of a digital-to-analog converter, which is an output destination. In the above manner, the data is interpolated. At this time, the first interpolation section 14 and the second interpolation section 24 perform interpolation using a frequency ratio between the sampling frequency fover and the sampling frequency fsamp. Then,output data Id5 and Qd5 having the sampling frequency fsamp is outputted to a quadrature modulation section 31.

Abstract: A carrier recovery apparatus capable of detecting a phase error of modulation signal by a simple calculation, reducing the circuit scale, and improving the frequency capture characteristic and phase jitter characteristic is presented. This carrier recovery apparatus comprises a symbol estimating unit for estimating the transmitted symbol, a phase error detecting means for generating a normalized phase error signal on the basis of the estimated symbol and reception signal, a loop filter for filtering the phase error, and a numerical control oscillator controlled by the loop filter.

Abstract: A connector is provided with a shorting terminal. Male terminal fittings 12 protrude into a hood 11 of a male housing 10, a female housing 20 fitting into this hood 11. A left half of a lower portion of the hood 11 protrudes downwards, a shorting terminal housing recess 70 being provided at this location, this recess 70 housing a shorting terminal 60. The shorting terminal 60 has four resilient contacts 62 which make contact with the male terminal fittings 12 and short-circuit them. The shorting terminal 60 can be inserted, from the posterior of the male housing 10, into the recess 70. A misalignment preventing wall 75 protrudes at an anterior end of the recess 70. A protruding anterior end face of the misalignment preventing wall 75 forms a unified face with a right half of the lower portion of the hood 11.

Abstract: An upper and lower pair of flat cables 10 are provided with cut-away portions 14. The flat cables 10 are crimped at these portions by connecting terminals 20. A pair of half-members 31 that form a protecting member 30 are attached to the flat cables 10 in a manner whereby they clamp them from above and below, thereby surrounding and protecting the connecting portions.

Abstract: The invention avoids the problem of resilient stopping arms losing their resilience. A female housing has a locking arm capable of engaging with a locking member of a male housing protruding therefrom. A detecting member is attached to a posterior side of this female housing. A pair of resilient stopping legs extend in an anterior direction from a main body of the detecting member. Anterior end portions of the resilient stopping legs have outwardly protruding hook-shaped protrusions protruding therefrom, these engaging with temporary stopping holes or main stopping holes provided in side walls of the female housing. Retaining protrusions protrude further outwards from protruding anterior ends of the resilient stopping legs. These retaining protrusions protrude to the exterior of the female housing from the temporary stopping holes or the main stopping holes. Recessed grooves corresponding in location to the main stopping holes are formed in inner side faces of a hood of the male housing.

Abstract: Protecting Configuration for Flat Cables An upper and lower pair of flat cables 10 are provided with cut-away portions 14. The flat cables 10 are crimped at these portions by connecting terminals 20. A pair of half-members 31 that form a protecting member 30 are attached to the flat cables 10 in a manner whereby they clamp them from above and below, thereby surrounding and protecting the connecting portions.