Abstract: 3,4-Dicarboalkoxybiphenyl-3?,4?-dicarboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1): in which R11 and R12 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of waters of hydration that is 0 or 1, and the corresponding anhydride.

Abstract: 3,4-Dicarboalkoxybiphenyl-3?,4?-dicarboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1): in which R11 and R12 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of waters of hydration that is 0 or 1, and the corresponding anhydride.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the 3,4-Dicarboalkoxybiphenyl-3?,4?-dicarboxylic acid (including the corresponding acid anhydride) represented by the general formula (1): wherein R11 and R12 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of waters of hydration that is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the 3,4-Dicarboalkoxybiphenyl-3?,4?-dicarboxylic acid (including the corresponding acid anhydride) represented by the general formula (1): wherein R11 and R12 each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents the number of waters of hydration that is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A terminally-modified polybranched polyimide which can be efficiently complexed with an inorganic material is obtained by reacting a component (a): tetracarboxylic dianhydride; a component (b): as an amine component, a mixture of a triamine and a diamine (which may be composed of a triamine only); and a component (c): as a terminal component, a compound selected from general formulae (1-1) to (1-4). H2N—X—R1??(1-1) (In the formula, X represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R1 represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group). H2N—X—R1??(1-2) (In the formula, X is as defined above, and R1 represents a sulfur-containing heterocyclic group or an aryl group having a thiol or thioether group in the molecule.) (In the formula, R represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group.) (In the formula, R represents a monovalent residue.

Abstract: An aligned metal-particle film, in which metal particles are aligned in a polymer as a layer with a certain interval in parallel with a substrate is disclosed. The aligned metal-particle film is manufactured by forming a polymer film containing a metal component on a reflecting substrate; and irradiating the polymer film with light at a particular wavelength, whereby metal particles are aligned in parallel with the substrate in the polymer.

Abstract: A terminally-modified polybranched polyimide which can be efficiently complexed with an inorganic material is obtained by reacting a component (a): tetracarboxylic dianhydride; a component (b): as an amine component, a mixture of a triamine and a diamine (which may be composed of a triamine only); and a component (c): as a terminal component, a compound selected from general formulae (1-1) to (1-4). H2N—X—R1??(1-1) (In the formula, X represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R1 represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group). H2N—X—R1??(1-2) (In the formula, X is as defined above, and R1 represents a sulfur-containing heterocyclic group or an aryl group having a thiol or thioether group in the molecule). (In the formula, R represents a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group). (In the formula, R represents a monovalent residue).

Abstract: An aligned metal-particle film, in which metal particles are aligned in a polymer as a layer with a certain interval in parallel with a substrate is disclosed. The aligned metal-particle film is manufactured by forming a polymer film containing a metal component on a reflecting substrate; and irradiating the polymer film with light at a particular wavelength, whereby metal particles are aligned in parallel with the substrate in the polymer.

Abstract: A terminal structure in a memory module includes a male connector having a plurality of terminal strips adapted to be engaged with the terminal tongues in the female socket. Each of the terminal strips has an obstacle removal portion defined therein for removing foreign matter present on at least one of the terminal tongues.