Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a mixture of a soluble foamer ingredient and a soluble beverage or foodstuffs ingredient having a retarded solubility. The soluble foamer ingredient upon addition of a liquid induces the formation of or forms a foam this is achieved by an ingredient comprising a matrix and a gas under pressure. The soluble beverage or foodstuffs ingredient, which may be in the form of a powder is prepared in such a way that the solubility is retarded. Upon addition of a liquid the foamer and the beverage or foodstuff are separated before being dissolved resulting in a nice and neat physical separation in two layers, which is best visible if the colour of the foamer and beverage or foodstuffs powder are different. The present invention more specifically relates to a soluble cappuccino powder, which upon reconstitution results in a beverage with a large amount of white foam.

Abstract: A method of measuring the quenchability of a liquid coolant used to cool objects such as ingots produced by direct-chill casting. The method involves providing a sample of the liquid coolant; providing a probe for immersion in the sample, the probe having a temperature-sensing electrical device contained therein which generates an electrical response corresponding to temperature sensed; heating the probe in a gas, preferably by means of electrical resistance heating by a circuit which is electrically connected to the temperature-sensing electrical device, to a predetermined temperature measured by the electrical response of the temperature sensing device, immersing the probe into the sample and measuring the electrical response for a predetermined measurement period, and comparing the measured electrical response to a response of a reference liquid measured under equivalent conditions, to thereby determine the quenchability property of the liquid coolant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for cooling and reducing fluoride emissions from a hot, spent anode butt removed from an electrolysis cell. The system comprises an elongated fluidised bed cooling chamber comprising particles of alumina and conveyor means for transporting a hot, spent anode butt through the fluidised bed. A lower air distributor is provided for injecting fluidising air into the chamber to create the fluidised bed and an upper air distributor is provided which is adapted to direct fluidised particles into contact with the top surface of the hot anode butt, whereby the fluidised bed surrounds the hot anode butt and serves to simultaneously uniformly cool the hot anode butt and significantly reduce fluoride emissions from the hot anode butt.

Abstract: A method of measuring the quenchability of a liquid coolant used to cool objects such as ingots produced by direct-chill casting. The method involves providing a sample of the liquid coolant; providing a probe for immersion in the sample, the probe having a temperature-sensing electrical device contained therein which generates an electrical response corresponding to temperature sensed; heating the probe in a gas, preferably by means of electrical resistance heating by a circuit which is electrically connected to the temperature-sensing electrical device, to a predetermined temperature measured by the electrical response of the temperature sensing device, immersing the probe into the sample and measuring the electrical response for a predetermined measurement period, and comparing the measured electrical response to a response of a reference liquid measured under equivalent conditions, to thereby determine the quenchability property of the liquid coolant.