Abstract: A process for producing a calcium phosphate reactant, according to which: in a first step, use is made of a source of calcium and a source of phosphate ions in water, in a molar ratio that is adjusted so as to obtain a Ca/P molar ratio of between 0.5 and 1.6, and the source of calcium is reacted with the phosphate ions at a pH of between 2 and 8, in order to obtain a suspension (A) of calcium phosphate, and in a second step, added to the suspension (A) are an alkaline compound comprising hydroxide ions in order to set a pH of more than 8 and an additional source of calcium in order to obtain a suspension (B) of calcium phosphate reactant having a Ca/P molar ratio of more than 1.6. A calcium phosphate reactant obtainable by such a process.

Abstract: A composite comprising a hydroxyapatite and at least one additive which is present during hydroxyapatite synthesis. The additive may be embedded or incorporated into or coated onto the hydroxyapatite. The additive preferably increases the hydroxyapatite porosity, e.g., providing a higher pore volume and/or BET surface area than a hydroxyapatite material without additive. The additive preferably comprises an activated carbon, chitosan, hopcalite, clays, zeolites, sulfur, and/or a metal such as Al, Sn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cu, Zr, La, Ce, in the form of metal, salt, oxide, oxyhydroxide, and/or hydroxide. The hydroxyapatite may be calcium-deficient. The composite is in the form of particles having a D50 of at least 20 ?m, a BET surface area of at least 120 m2/g; and/or a total pore volume of at least 0.3 cm3/g. An adsorbent material comprising a composite or a blend of composite with a hydroxyapatite without additive, and its use for removal of contaminants such as Hg, Se, As, and/or B from an effluent.

Abstract: A method for the removal of at least one contaminant from an aqueous liquor or a gas, comprising: preparing a solution or slurry of a solid alkali reagent by supplying a solid alkali reagent into a pre-wetting chamber via a feed pipe; supplying a liquid via two or more liquid sidestreams, each through a liquid inlet positioned on a side wall of the chamber to allow the liquid sidestreams to wash an internal wall of a frusto-conical section of the chamber and flow, preferably tangentially onto the internal wall in a downward spiraling manner thereby forming a vortex, towards a fluid outlet of the chamber and to further wet the solid alkali reagent with the supplied liquid thereby forming a pre-wetted reagent; and flowing a stream though a conduit, thereby creating a suction by the eductor to draw the pre-wetted reagent out of the chamber fluid outlet and mixing it with the stream to form a slurry or solution; and directing the slurry or solution exiting the eductor to an aqueous liquor or gas treatment unit, r

Abstract: A composite comprising a hydroxyapatite and at least one additive which is present during hydroxyapatite synthesis. The additive may be embedded or incorporated into or coated onto the hydroxyapatite. The additive preferably increases the hydroxyapatite porosity, e.g., providing a higher pore volume and/or BET surface area than a hydroxyapatite material without additive. The additive preferably comprises an activated carbon, chitosan, hopcalite, clays, zeolites, sulfur, and/or a metal such as Al, Sn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cu, Zr, La, Ce, in the form of metal, salt, oxide, oxyhydroxide, and/or hydroxide. The hydroxyapatite may be calcium-deficient. The composite is in the form of particles having a D50 of at least 20 ?m, a BET surface area of at least 120 m2/g; and/or a total pore volume of at least 0.3 cm3/g. An adsorbent material comprising a composite or a blend of composite with a hydroxyapatite without additive, and its use for removal of contaminants such as Hg, Se, As, and/or B from an effluent.

Abstract: A process for producing a calcium phosphate reactant, according to which: in a first step, use is made of a source of calcium and a source of phosphate ions in water, in a molar ratio that is adjusted so as to obtain a Ca/P molar ratio of between 0.5 and 1.6, and the source of calcium is reacted with the phosphate ions at a pH of between 2 and 8, in order to obtain a suspension (A) of calcium phosphate, and in a second step, added to the suspension (A) are an alkaline compound comprising hydroxide ions in order to set a pH of more than 8 and an additional source of calcium in order to obtain a suspension (B) of calcium phosphate reactant having a Ca/P molar ratio of more than 1.6. A calcium phosphate reactant obtainable by such a process.

Abstract: A process for producing a calcium phosphate reactant, according to which: in a first step, use is made of a source of calcium and a source of phosphate ions in water, in a molar ratio that is adjusted so as to obtain a Ca/P molar ratio of between 0.5 and 1.6, and the source of calcium is reacted with the phosphate ions at a pH of between 2 and 8, in order to obtain a suspension (A) of calcium phosphate, and in a second step, added to the suspension (A) are an alkaline compound comprising hydroxide ions in order to set a pH of more than 8 and an additional source of calcium in order to obtain a suspension (B) of calcium phosphate reactant having a Ca/P molar ratio of more than 1.6. A calcium phosphate reactant obtainable by such a process.

Abstract: A porous material comprises at least 60 wt % of a calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite having a Ca/P molar ratio of less than 1.67, having a specific BET surface area of at least 110 m2/g and a pore volume of at least 0.41 cm3/g, both measured after heat treatment at 120° C. A catalyst composition for catalytic reduction of NOx compounds, comprising an active catalyst component: Cu and/or CuO deposited on the porous material as support. A deNOx process according to which an ammonia source is injected into a combustion waste gas stream containing NOx; and to which the catalyst composition is brought into contact with the waste gas stream at a temperature of at least 100° C. and preferably at most 600° C. to carry out, in the presence of O2, a reduction by NH3 of at least a portion of the NOx.

Abstract: Process for treating a combustion waste gas stream containing NOx and contaminants such as heavy metals and/or acid gases, e.g., halogens, SOx, comprising: injecting an alkali sorbent, into the waste gas stream; removing some contaminants with the alkali sorbent from the waste gas stream; injecting an ammonia source into the gas stream; injecting a deNOx catalyst into the gas stream at a temperature of 100° C. to preferably not more than 600° C. to reduce with NH3, in the presence of O2, some NOx to N2 and water in the gas stream, wherein the deNOx catalyst comprises copper and/or copper oxide deposited on a porous support comprising at least 60 wt % of a calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite having a Ca/P of less than 1.67. A blend comprising the alkali sorbent and the deNOx catalyst may be formed to inject them together into the waste gas stream. The ammonia source and the deNOx catalyst are preferably injected simultaneously.

Abstract: Process for treating a combustion waste gas stream containing NOx and contaminants such as heavy metals and/or acid gases, e.g., halogens, SOx, comprising: injecting an alkali sorbent, into the waste gas stream; removing some contaminants with the alkali sorbent from the waste gas stream; injecting an ammonia source into the gas stream; injecting a deNOx catalyst into the gas stream at a temperature of 100° C. to preferably not more than 600° C. to reduce with NH3, in the presence of O2, some NOx to N2 and water in the gas stream, wherein the deNOx catalyst comprises copper and/or copper oxide deposited on a porous support comprising at least 60 wt % of a calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite having a Ca/P of less than 1.67. A blend comprising the alkali sorbent and the deNOx catalyst may be formed to inject them together into the waste gas stream. The ammonia source and the deNOx catalyst are preferably injected simultaneously.

Abstract: A porous material comprises at least 60 wt % of a calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite having a Ca/P molar ratio of less than 1.67, having a specific BET surface area of at least 110 m2/g and a pore volume of at least 0.41 cm3/g, both measured after heat treatment at 120° C. A catalyst composition for catalytic reduction of NOx compounds, comprising an active catalyst component: Cu and/or CuO deposited on the porous material as support. A deNOx process according to which an ammonia source is injected into a combustion waste gas stream containing NOx; and to which the catalyst composition is brought into contact with the waste gas stream at a temperature of at least 100° C. and preferably at most 600° C. to carry out, in the presence of O2, a reduction by NH3 of at least a portion of the NOx.

Abstract: Process for treating a gas contaminated by at least one element selected from the group consisting of heavy metals, organic compounds, and combinations thereof, wherein a calcium-phosphate reactant (reagent) particle comprising apatite is brought into contact with the contaminated gas at a temperature of at least 30° C. and preferably at most 1100° C. The metal(s) and/or organic compound(s) to be removed from the contaminated gas may be selected among the list of: Al, Ag, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ce, Co, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Hf, Hg, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Pd, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Th, Ti, U, V, Y, Zn, Zr, VOC, aromatic compounds, PAHs, dioxins, furans, or any mixture thereof. In such process, an alkaline compound particle comprising sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate (trona), quick lime, hydrated lime, lime stone or combinations thereof, may be further brought into contact with the contaminated gas.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an aqueous sodium chloride solution and the use of such solution for the manufacturing of crude sodium bicarbonate from SOLVAY ammonia process or for the manufacturing of soda ash, comprising the steps of: a) dispersing a first solid material comprising sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, and sodium sulfate, and a second solid material comprising calcium chloride in an aqueous liquid to produce an aqueous medium; b) subjecting the aqueous medium to clarification to produce a clarified aqueous medium; and c) recovering the clarified aqueous medium as aqueous sodium chloride solution; wherein a weight L/S ratio between the weight of the aqueous liquid used to produce the aqueous medium and the total weight of the first solid material and the second solid material is in the range of from 0.7 to 3.5.

Abstract: A process for producing a calcium phosphate reactant, according to which: in a first step, use is made of a source of calcium and a source of phosphate ions in water, in a molar ratio that is adjusted so as to obtain a Ca/P molar ratio of between 0.5 and 1.6, and the source of calcium is reacted with the phosphate ions at a pH of between 2 and 8, in order to obtain a suspension (A) of calcium phosphate, and in a second step, added to the suspension (A) are an alkaline compound comprising hydroxide ions in order to set a pH of more than 8 and an additional source of calcium in order to obtain a suspension (B) of calcium phosphate reactant having a Ca/P molar ratio of more than 1.6. A calcium phosphate reactant obtainable by such a process.

Abstract: The invention provides crystalline forms of the peptide Gly-Gly-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Pro-Gly (SEQ ID NO 1), and salts of the peptide, which may further have associated water molecules. These salts and hydrated salts of the peptide and compositions comprising these materials have advantageous pharmaceutical properties.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a peptide or peptide analog, which comprises (a) producing a persilylated peptide or persilylated peptide analogue by silylating a corresponding peptide by reaction with a silylating agent other than trimethylsilylcyanide, and (b) reacting a compound of formula (I) X-A-COOH wherein X is an amino protecting group, A is an amino acid, peptide or peptide analogue residue, and —COOH designates an optionally activated carboxylic group, with a persilylated peptide or a persilylated peptide analogue containing from 4 to 15 amino acids.

Abstract: Process for the manufacture of a peptide or peptide analog, which comprises (a) producing a persilylated peptide or persilylated peptide analogue by silylating a corresponding peptide by reaction with a silylating agent other than trimethylsilylcyanide, and (b) reacting a compound of formula (I) X-A-COOH wherein X is an amino protecting group, A is an amino acid, peptide or peptide analogue residue, and —COOH designates an optionally activated carboxylic group, with a persilylated peptide or a persilylated peptide analogue containing from 4 to 15 amino acids.

Abstract: Processes for the synthesis and purification of a Gly-Gly-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Pro-Gly octapeptide (SEQ ID NO 1).

Abstract: Process for the separation of enantiomers comprising at least one free functional group, in which process a reagent based on an enantiopure amino acid is reacted in basic medium with a mixture comprising enantiomers.

Abstract: Process for the separation of enantiomers comprising at least one free functional group, in which process a reagent based on an enantiopure amino acid is reacted in basic medium with a mixture comprising enantiomers.

Abstract: Process for the separation of enantiomers comprising at least one free functional group, in which process a reagent based on an enantiopure amino acid is reacted in basic medium with a mixture comprising enantiometers.