Abstract: There is provided an acetogenic microbial cell which is capable of producing at least one higher alcohol from a carbon source, wherein the acetogenic microbial cell is genetically modified to comprise an increased expression relative to its wild type cell of at least one enzyme, E8, a butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase (cat3). There is also provided a method and use of the cell to produce higher alcohols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of general formula I The present invention also relates to a method of producing N-acetyl homoserine and/or derivatives thereof, the method comprising contacting at least one recombinant cell in an aqueous medium with acetate wherein the recombinant cell comprises an increased activity relative to a wild type cell of (a) an enzyme E1, a homoserine dehydrogenase (EC1.1.1.3) and/or an enzyme E5, an aspartokinase (EC2.7.2.4); and (b) an enzyme E2, a homoserine O-acetyl transferase (EC2.3.1.31) and the acetate is maintained at a concentration of at least about 0.001 g/L in the aqueous medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reaction mixture and a method of producing at least one higher alcohol comprising a reaction mixture comprising a mixed culture of a first and a second microorganism in an aqueous medium comprising carbon monoxide gas, wherein the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source to acetate and/or ethanol; and the second microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium kluyveri, and C. Carboxidivorans capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to form an acid; wherein the first microorganism is further capable of converting the acid to the corresponding higher alcohol and the higher alcohol comprises at least 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of general formula I The present invention also relates to a method of producing N-acetyl homoserine and/or derivatives thereof, the method comprising contacting at least one recombinant cell in an aqueous medium with acetate wherein the recombinant cell comprises an increased activity relative to a wild type cell of (a) an enzyme E1, a homoserine dehydrogenase (EC1.1.1.3) and/or an enzyme E5, an aspartokinase (EC2.7.2.4); and (b) an enzyme E2, a homoserine O-acetyl transferase (EC2.3.1.31) and the acetate is maintained at a concentration of at least about 0.001 g/L in the aqueous medium.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a method of producing methionine, the method comprising contacting vinylglycine or derivatives thereof with at least one free radical methyl mercaptan in a reaction medium.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing at least one unsaturated amino acid from at least one amino acid comprising at least two carbonyl groups, the method comprising (a) contacting a recombinant microbial cell with a medium comprising the amino acid comprising the carbonyl groups, wherein the cell is genetically modified to comprise—at least a first genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of an enzyme (E) selected from the CYP152 10 peroxygenase family, and—at least a second genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of at least one NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (E2) and the corresponding mediator protein.

Abstract: There is provided an acetogenic microbial cell which is capable of producing at least one higher alcohol from a carbon source, wherein the acetogenic microbial cell is genetically modified to comprise an increased expression relative to its wild type cell of at least one enzyme, E8, a butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase (cat3). There is also provided a method and use of the cell to produce higher alcohols.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing propanol and/or propionic acid from a carbon source in aerobic conditions, the method comprising: (a) step of producing ethanol and/or acetate from the carbon source in aerobic conditions, comprising (i) contacting a reaction mixture comprising a first acetogenic microorganism in an exponential growth phase; free oxygen; and a second acetogenic microorganism in a stationary phase wherein the first and second acetogenic microorganism is capable of converting the carbon source to the acetate and/or ethanol; and (b) step of contacting the acetate and/or ethanol from step (a) with a third microorganism capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to propanol and/or propionic acid.

Abstract: There is provided amicrobial cell which is capable of producing acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate and/or 3-hydroxybutyrate variants, wherein the cell is genetically modified to comprise an increased expression relative to its wild type cell of: an enzyme E1 capable of catalysing the conversion of acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA; an enzyme E2 capable of catalysing the conversion of acetoacetyl-CoA to acetoacetate; and an enzyme E3 capable of catalysing the conversion of acetoacetate to 3-hydroxybutyrate and/or variants thereof.

Abstract: There is provided a microbial cell which is capable of producing at least one higher alcohol, wherein the microbial cell is genetically modified to include an increased expression relative to its wild type cell of at least one acyl-CoA reductase (E11). In particular, there is provided a microbial cell capable of producing at least one higher alcohol, wherein the microbial cell is genetically modified to include an increased expression relative to its wild type cell of at least one acyl-CoA reductase (E11) and wherein the cell is capable of producing a carboxylic acid and/or ester thereof using ethanol-carboxylate fermentation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing at least one amino acid from a carbon source in aerobic conditions, the method comprising: (a)step of producing ethanol and/or acetate from the carbon source in aerobic conditions, comprising (i)contacting a reaction mixture comprising—a first acetogenic microorganism in an exponential growth phase; —free oxygen; and —a second acetogenic microorganism in a stationary phase wherein the first and second acetogenic microorganism is capable of converting the carbon source to the acetate and/or ethanol; and (b)step of contacting the acetate and/or ethanol from step (a) with a third microorganism capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to at least one amino acid.

Abstract: A reaction mixture for producing ethanol and/or acetate from a carbon source in aerobic conditions, wherein the mixture comprises a first acetogenic microorganism in an exponential growth phase; free oxygen; and a second acetogenic microorganism in a stationary phase wherein the first and second acetogenic microorganism is capable of converting the carbon source to the acetate and/or ethanol.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing at least one rhamnolipid comprising: (a) contacting a recombinant cell with a medium containing a carbon source; wherein the recombinant cell has been genetically modified such that, compared to the wild-type of the cell, the cell has an increased activity of at least one of the enzymes E1, E2 and E3, wherein the enzyme E1 is an ?/? hydrolase (RHIA), the enzyme E2 is a rhamnosyltransferase I (RHIB) and the enzyme E3 is a rhamnosyltransferase II (RHIC), and wherein the carbon source is an alkane and/or alkanoic acid comprising 6 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microbial cell capable of producing at least one terminal alkene from at least one short chain fatty acid, wherein the cell is genetically modified to comprise at least a first genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of an enzyme (E1) selected from the CYP152 peroxygenase family, and at least a second genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of at least one NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (E2) and the corresponding mediator protein, wherein the short chain fatty acid is a C4-C10 fatty acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to recombinant microorganisms comprising biosynthetic pathways and methods of using said recombinant microorganisms to produce various beneficial metabolites. In various aspects of the invention, the recombinant microorganisms may further comprise one or more modifications resulting in the reduction or elimination of 3 keto-acid (e.g., acetolactate and 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate) and/or aldehyde-derived by-products. In various embodiments described herein, the recombinant microorganisms may be microorganisms of the Saccharomyces Glade, Crabtree-negative yeast microorganisms, Crabtree-positive yeast microorganisms, post-WGD (whole genome duplication) yeast microorganisms, pre-WGD (whole genome duplication) yeast microorganisms, and non-fermenting yeast microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microbial cell capable of producing at least one terminal alkene from at least one short chain fatty acid, wherein the cell is genetically modified to comprise at least a first genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of an enzyme (E1) selected from the CYP152 peroxygenase family, and at least a second genetic mutation that increases the expression relative to the wild type cell of at least one NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (E2) and the corresponding mediator protein, wherein the short chain fatty acid is a C4-C10 fatty acid.

Abstract: A reaction mixture for producing ethanol and/or acetate from a carbon source in aerobic conditions, wherein the mixture comprises a first acetogenic microorganism in an exponential growth phase; free oxygen; and a second acetogenic microorganism in a stationary phase wherein the first and second acetogenic microorganism is capable of converting the carbon source to the acetate and/or ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reaction mixture and a method of producing at least one higher alcohol comprising a reaction mixture comprising a mixed culture of a first and a second microorganism in an aqueous medium comprising carbon monoxide gas, wherein the first microorganism is an acetogenic microorganism capable of converting a carbon source to acetate and/or ethanol; and the second microorganism is selected from the group consisting of Clostridium kluyveri, and C. Carboxidivorans capable of converting the acetate and/or ethanol to form an acid; wherein the first microorganism is further capable of converting the acid to the corresponding higher alcohol and the higher alcohol comprises at least 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of culturing at least one acetogenic bacteria, includes growing the bacteria in an aqueous medium comprising an amount of cysteine and/or cystine, wherein the cysteine and/or cystine concentration in the medium is maintained at a concentration of less than 0.20 g/L.

Abstract: Methods for producing a biofuel are provided. Also provided are biocatalysts that convert a feedstock to a biofuel.