Abstract: Silane-Zeolite composites are incorporated into phosphate free detergents as builders. The use of such composites allows compositional improvements and results in certain process advantages when compared to detergents utilizing plain zeolites as phosphate replacements. Hydrated zeolites which have been treated with functionally hydrophilic silanes do not agglomerate during incorporation into detergents. In addition, use of the silane-zeolite composite allows use of increased amounts of both the zeolite and silicate solids as builders in detergents.

Abstract: Silane-Zeolite composites are incorporated into phosphate free detergents as builders. The use of such composites allows compositional improvements and results in certain process advantages when compared to detergents utilizing plain zeolites as phosphate replacements. Hydrated zeolites which have been treated with functionally hydrophilic silanes do not agglomerate during incorporation into detergents. In addition, use of the silane-zeolite composite allows use of increased amounts of both the zeolite and silicate solids as builders in detergents.

Abstract: A simplified method is provided for turbulently mixing separate flows of fuel and water prior to delivery to the combustor of a gas turbine engine to reduce the temperature to which pressurized air is heated by the combustion of fuel, thereby reducing nitrous oxide emissions in the products of combustion. The method employs no complex homogenization equipment and no emulsifying agents are intentionally added to either the fuel or the water.

Abstract: A combustion chamber is provided with a fuel source and an igniter for initiating combustion. The igniter projects into the combustion chamber and into proximity with the fuel source. A heated tip portion of the igniter initiates burning and is cooled by means of cooling air passing through a plurality of air passages defined by a plurality of channels near the external surface of the igniter housing and further defined by a surrounding ferrule. Certain of the channels extend axially of the housing while at least one channel extends circumferentially thereabout and intersects the former channels. An opening in the ferrule provides communication between preselected of the channels and the interior of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Improved cooling means are provided for cooling a dome assembly associated with a combustor of a gas turbine engine. The improvement is comprised of a dome plate having a generally V-shaped cross section and includes a plurality of passages and channels in the dome plate to provide for the passage of cooling air to effect cooling of both the dome plate and the combustor liner.

Abstract: An apparatus for passing a portion of a cooling fluid, flowing in a plenum in a predetermined direction, in a protective film upon a liner defining a hot gas passage. The apparatus is comprised of a first liner portion or segment partially defining the plenum and a second liner portion or segment partially defining the hot gas passage and cooperating with the first liner segment to form a pocket. A first lip is located at the downstream end of the second liner segment and is radially adjacent a second lip located at the upstream end of the first liner segment. The first lip is spaced from the first liner segment to form an exit from the pocket for directing cooling air along the first liner segment in the predetermined direction. The apparatus further comprises a plurality of apertures in the first liner to pass cooling fluid in a plurality of streams into the pocket and along the second lip in a direction substantially opposite from said predetermined direction.