Abstract: In one aspect, described are biosensors comprising a working electrode layer comprising a dendritic array comprising metallic dendrites having a conductive polymer layer. Systems are described using the disclosed biosensors useful for POC disease diagnosis, including, but not limited to, resource limited areas. Methods are described for making the disclosed biosensors which allow for improved control of dendritic growth using a pillared substrate, rather than a planar one. Also described are methods of using the disclosed biosensors to detect an analyte associated with a particular disease, e.g., an infectious disease. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Abstract: The invention provides novel devices and methods that enable ultrahigh spatial and temporal resolution interfaces that allow access and intervention to local (intra- and proximate extra-neuronal) neuroelectronic and neurotransmitter molecular signatures associated with aberrant cell function and cell death leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Scalable devices based on a unique nanoscale coaxial electrode array of the invention offer neural recording and control at unprecedented levels of precisions.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the presence of a target molecule is disclosed which includes a conductive nanostructure, a non-conductive polymer coating on at least a portion of the nanostructure, and a cavity formed in the polymer coating having a shape corresponding to the shape of the target molecule. A property of the nanostructure depends on the presence of the target molecule at the cavity.

Abstract: The invention provides novel devices and methods that enable ultrahigh spatial and temporal resolution interfaces that allow access and intervention to local (intra- and proximate extra-neuronal) neuroelectronic and neurotransmitter molecular signatures associated with aberrant cell function and cell death leading to neurodegenerative diseases. Scalable devices based on a unique nanocoaxial electrode array of the invention offer neural recording and control at unprecedented levels of precisions.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting the presence of a target molecule is disclosed which includes a conductive nanostructure, a non-conductive polymer coating on at least a portion of the nanostructure, and a cavity formed in the polymer coating having a shape corresponding to the shape of the target molecule. A property of the nanostructure depends on the presence of the target molecule at the cavity.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of delivering a macromolecule to a cell, comprising engaging the macromolecule to a nanotube wherein the nanotube comprises a magnetic particle, placing the nanotubes into a sample wherein the sample comprises a plurality of cells and applying a force to the sample wherein the force causes the nanotubes to collide with the cells and thereby spear the cells. The method further discloses applying a second force which drives the nanotubes into the cell. Furthermore, the invention discloses a method of transfecting and/or transducing a cell, comprising engaging a macromolecule to a nanotube, placing the nanotubes into communication with the cells and applying a force to the nanotubes which causes the nanotubes to collide with the cells and thereby pierce the cellular membrane. Once inside the cell, the macromolecule may disengage from the nanotube.