Abstract: The present disclosure provides a human neural stem cell comprising an exogenous polynucleotide coding for a growth factor such as IGF-1. Also disclosed are methods of using the human neural stem cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases or disorders including, for example, ALS.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a computer program product for storing and retrieving information are provided. The system receives information. Thereafter, the system organizes the information for optimal storage and retrieval based on qualities of a storage medium. The organizing may include optimizing the information for sequential read and/or write access. The information may be organized in an append-only manner. Once the information has been organized, the apparatus presents and/or stores the organized information.

Abstract: A method, a system, and a computer program product for adaptively managing information in a database management system are provided. The system generates a model associated with the database management system. The system receives information for performing a database. The system determines, based on the generated model and the database transaction, whether to adjust an attribute associated with the database management system.

Abstract: Slurry coating composition for selectively enriching surface regions of a metal-based substrate, for example, the under-platform regions of a turbine blade, with chromium. The slurry coating composition contains metallic chromium, optionally metallic aluminum in a lesser amount by weight than chromium, and optionally other constituents. The composition further includes colloidal silica, and may also include one or more additional constituents, though in any event the composition is substantially free of hexavalent chromium and sources thereof. The coating composition can be used in a process that entails applying the coating composition to a surface region to form a slurry coating, and then heating the coating to remove any volatile components of the coating composition and thereafter cause diffusion of chromium from the coating into the surface region to form a chromium-rich diffusion coating.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a human neural stem cell comprising an exogenous polynucleotide coding for a growth factor such as IGF-1. Also disclosed are methods of using the human neural stem cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases or disorders including, for example, ALS.

Abstract: A method, system, computer program product, and automated system for calculating a statistic of information change for a collection of information, the method including. A real-time calculation of an actual statistic value of information change is performed for the collection of information. The calculated statistic value is stored and updated when an item is added to or removed from the collection of information to accurately identify the effect of the change to the collection of information on the calculated statistic value. The collection of information may be an information database, and the statistic of information change may comprise cardinality. The statistic of information change may comprise a cardinality vector and be stored such that it can be obtained separately from the collection of information. The calculated statistic value may be used in query optimization for a database query.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for error detection and correction in append-only data-stores. A user or agent input is received. Error detection and correction involving at least one datastore is begun based on the user or agent input. An error detection and correction state is created and error detection and correction is performed. A file sealing indication and/or a clean shutdown indication is interpreted, the error-detection and correction is ended, and the state of the error-detection and correction is written to memory in an append-only manner.

Abstract: Methods of making components having calcium magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) mitigation capability involving providing a component; applying an environmental barrier coating to the component, the environmental barrier coating having a separate CMAS mitigation layer including a CMAS mitigation composition selected from rare earth elements, rare earth oxides, zirconia, hafnia partially or fully stabilized with alkaline earth or rare earth elements, zirconia partially or fully stabilized with alkaline earth or rare earth elements, magnesium oxide, cordierite, aluminum phosphate, magnesium silicate, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Calcium magnesium aluminosilicate (CMAS) mitigation compositions selected from rare earth elements, rare earth oxides, zirconia, hafnia partially or fully stabilized with alkaline earth or rare earth elements, zirconia partially or fully stabilized with alkaline earth or rare earth elements, magnesium oxide, cordierite, aluminum phosphate, magnesium silicate, and combinations thereof when the CMAS mitigation composition is included as a separate CMAS mitigation layer in an environmental barrier coating for a high temperature substrate component.

Abstract: A method for forming a nickel aluminide based coating on a metallic substrate includes providing a first source for providing a significant portion of the aluminum content for a coating precursor and a separate nickel alloy source for providing substantially all the nickel and additional alloying elements for the coating precursor. Cathodic arc (ion plasma) deposition techniques may be utilized to provide the coating precursor on a metallic substrate. The coating precursor may be provided in discrete layers, or from a co-deposition process. Subsequent processing or heat treatment forms the nickel aluminide based coating from the coating precursor.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system, and computer program product for transaction representation in append-only data-stores. The system receives input from a user or agent and begins a transaction involving at least one datastore based on the received input. The system then creates, updates, and maintains a transaction state. The system ends the transaction and writes the state of the transaction to memory in an append-only manner, wherein the state comprises append-only key and value files.

Abstract: Turbine airfoil components with protective layers and methods therefore. The components are each formed to have a platform, an airfoil extending upwardly from the platform, and a shank extending downwardly from the platform. The shank has an exterior wall and an internal passage, and the airfoil has a cooling flow channel inside the airfoil for flowing a cooling flow therethrough. The component has an interior chromide coating contacting at least a portion of an interior surface of the shank and interdiffused with a base metal thereof, and an exterior chromide coating contacting at least a portion of an exterior surface of the shank and interdiffused with the base metal thereof. The interior and exterior chromide coatings do not have an aluminide coating deposited thereon.

Abstract: A method, system, apparatus, and computer program product for indexing information stored in data-stores. The system receives a new index request. The system creates an index in response to the request. The new index includes at least one segment, a first flag, and a last flag. Each segment comprises index summary information. The system then stores the index in memory.

Abstract: Slurry coating composition for selectively enriching surface regions of a metal-based substrate, for example, the under-platform regions of a turbine blade, with chromium. The slurry coating composition contains metallic chromium, optionally metallic aluminum in a lesser amount by weight than chromium, and optionally other constituents. The composition further includes colloidal silica, and may also include one or more additional constituents, though in any event the composition is substantially free of hexavalent chromium and sources thereof. The coating composition can be used in a process that entails applying the coating composition to a surface region to form a slurry coating, and then heating the coating to remove any volatile components of the coating composition and thereafter cause diffusion of chromium from the coating into the surface region to form a chromium-rich diffusion coating.

Abstract: A process by which a nickel-based superalloy substrate prone to deleterious reactions with an aluminum-rich coating can be stabilized by carburization. The process generally entails processing the surface of the substrate to be substantially free of oxides, heating the substrate in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to a carburization temperature, and then contacting the surface of the substrate with a carburization gas mixture comprising a diluted low activity hydrocarbon gas while maintaining the substrate at the carburization temperature. While at the carburization temperature and contacted by the carburization gas, carbon atoms in the carburization gas dissociate therefrom, transfer onto the surface of the substrate, diffuse into the substrate, and react with refractory metals within the substrate to form refractory metal carbides within a carburized region beneath the surface of the substrate. The substrate is then cooled in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to terminate carbide formation.

Abstract: A coating process for an article having a substrate formed of a metal alloy that is prone to the formation of a secondary reaction zone (SRZ). The coating process forms a coating system that includes an aluminum-containing overlay coating and a stabilizing layer between the overlay coating and the substrate. The overlay coating contains aluminum in an amount greater by atomic percent than the metal alloy of the substrate, such that there is a tendency for aluminum to diffuse from the overlay coating into the substrate. The stabilizing layer is predominantly or entirely formed of at least one platinum group metal (PGM), namely, platinum, rhodium, iridium, and/or palladium. The stabilizing layer is sufficient to inhibit diffusion of aluminum from the overlay coating into the substrate so that the substrate remains essentially free of an SRZ that would be deleterious to the mechanical properties of the alloy.

Abstract: Gas turbine engine compressor disks having a hot flowpath side; a shaft having a first surface positioned in the hot flowpath side; and a thermal barrier applied to at least the first surface of the shaft where the thermal barrier is operable to maintain the temperature of the shaft below about 700° C. (1300° F.) when the hot flowpath side experiences a service operating temperature of from about 700° C. (1300° F.) to about 788° C. (1450° F.).

Abstract: A method for forming a nickel aluminide based coating on a metallic substrate includes providing a first source for providing a significant portion of the aluminum content for a coating precursor and a separate nickel alloy source for providing substantially all the nickel and additional alloying elements for the coating precursor. Cathodic arc (ion plasma) deposition techniques may be utilized to provide the coating precursor on a metallic substrate. The coating precursor may be provided in discrete layers, or from a co-deposition process. Subsequent processing or heat treatment forms the nickel aluminide based coating from the coating precursor.

Abstract: A turbine blade having an internal skeleton having a plurality of internal ribs that form a plurality of open cooling channels; an internal environmental coating applied to the internal skeleton; an outer wall applied about the open cooling channels of the internal skeleton to form a near wall circuit of cooling channels; and an external environmental coating applied to the outer wall wherein the internal environmental coating is different from the external environmental coating.

Abstract: Methods for making a turbine blade involving casting an internal skeleton having a plurality of internal ribs which form a plurality of open cooling channels, applying a filler material to the open cooling channels, and applying an outer wall about the internal skeleton having the filler material applied to the open cooling channels.