Abstract: A process for controlled conversion of at least two gases which form ignitable and/or explosive mixtures with one another, in which the gases are absorbed either separately or together in a carrier liquid which is inert in relation to the gases; the carrier liquid with the absorbed gases is fed to a degasser which comprises a closed degassing vessel (2) which comprises at least one feed line for the gas-laden carrier liquid (1) and at least one gas outlet (3) at its upper end, and also one or more drains for the carrier liquid below the feed line for the carrier liquid and in each case connected to a drain pipe (4), and in such a manner that the liquid flow rate in the degassing vessel (2) is less than 0.

Abstract: There is described a method and device for simulating a control and/or machine behavior of machine tools or production machines, in which data concerning the machine tools or production machines are transmitted to a simulation device by mans of an intranet and/or by means of an internet. The data can be automatically transmitted to the simulation device, whereby particularly after a change in an item of data from the quantity of data, this item of data is transmitted to the simulation device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing the machining process in a machine (1), wherein a control program (10) having a machining block (11a,11b,11c) controls the machining process, wherein an item of process information which arises during execution of the machining block (11a,11b,11c) is stored in a manner related to the machining block. Furthermore, the invention relates to a control device (2) for controlling a machine (1), wherein the control device (2) is designed in such a manner that it uses a control program (10) having a machining block (11a,11b,11c) to control the machining process, wherein an item of process information which arises during execution of the machining block (11a,11b,11c) is stored in a manner related to the machining block. The invention thus provides a simple possible way of optimizing the machining process in a machine.

Abstract: A packaging system for the storage of a hydrogel contact lens employs an aqueous solution including hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

Abstract: A process for controlled conversion of at least two gases which form ignitable and/or explosive mixtures with one another, in which the gases are absorbed either separately or together in a carrier liquid which is inert in relation to the gases; the carrier liquid with the absorbed gases is fed to a degasser which comprises a closed degassing vessel (2) which comprises at least one feed line for the gas-laden carrier liquid (1) and at least one gas outlet (3) at its upper end, and also one or more drains for the carrier liquid below the feed line for the carrier liquid and in each case connected to a drain pipe (4), and in such a manner that the liquid flow rate in the degassing vessel (2) is less than 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control device (5), controlling a machine tool (1), which processes a step sequence (S1-S11), by a wireless reading of a partial program (18) from a workpiece data support (15), provided for a workpiece (3) and processing the workpiece (3), following the downloaded partial program (18).

Abstract: There is described an efficient and simple method of billing a client for using a computerized numerical control machine. The invoice amount to be billed is based on at least one trajectory of at least one axis during operation, on a volume of a stock removed from a work piece during operation, and on a processing time information related to working on the work piece. One concept of the method therefore is a pay-per-use concept relating the added value created by the computerized numerical control machine to the invoice amount.

Abstract: A test device and a test method for testing a machine tool or production machine are disclosed. A control and monitoring unit processes at least one predefined instruction sequence and generates control commands for operating the machine controller in order to test the machine. The control commands are transmitted to the machine controller, where they are executed. The instruction sequence also includes control instructions. This results in a relatively simple test device and method for automatically and reproducibly testing a machine tool or production machine.

Abstract: A device for the electrodeionisation of an aqueous electrolyte solution, comprising an electrodeionisation module (1), an ultrafiltration module (21, 22, 1201, 1202, 1203) and a connection piece (3, 10) which connects the electrodeionisation module (1) and the ultrafiltration module (21, 22, 1201, 1202, 1203) such as to be able to guide a diluate produced from said electrolyte solution during operation of said device in said electrodeionisation module (1) from said electrodeionisation module (1) to said ultrafiltration module (21, 22, 1201, 1202, 1203); wherein said connection piece (3, 10) comprises no adjustable pressure-maintaining valve. By means of the pressure drop occurring in the ultrafiltration modules (21, 22, 1201, 1202, 1203) these devices build up a counter pressure behind the electrodeionisation module (1) which is sufficient to ensure the packing density of the ion exchanger in the electrodeionisation module (1).

Abstract: A spiral wound module for the electrochemical desalination of aqueous salt-containing solutions, whose feeds (71) for solution to be desalinated and whose discharge (72) for desalinated water are mounted on side walls (31, 32) of the dilution chamber (3) of the module, permits an axial instead of tangential flow in the dilution chamber (3).

Abstract: The invention relates to a control device (5), controlling a machine tool (1), which processes a step sequence (S1-S11), by a wireless reading of a partial programme (18) from a workpiece data support (15), provided for a workpiece (3) and processing the workpiece (3), following the downloaded partial programme (18).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts, characterized in that, in a first stage, maleic anhydride (MA), alkali metal hydroxide and water are mixed in the molar ratio of 2:0-3:5-30 and then ammonia is metered in in the ratio MA:ammonia 2:1.5-8, in order to obtain iminodisuccinic acid ammonium salts which, in a second stage, are reacted with metal oxides, metal hydroxides (and) or other metal salts or their mixtures to give iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts of the formula 8, IDA(NH4)x(Na)y(K)z(Me)m.(NH3)n??Formula 8 in which IDA represents iminodisuccinic acid anion, x=0.1-3.9 y=0-3 z=0-3 m=0.1-2 n=0-6 and Me represents metals of the IInd, IIIrd and IVth main groups and of the Ist to VIIIth subgroups as well as metals of the lanthanide series, of the Periodic Table, which can occur in the oxidation states 1, 2, 3 or 4, the compounds themselves and their intermediates, and the use.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts, characterized in that, in a first stage, maleic anhydride (MA), alkali metal hydroxide and water are mixed in the molar ratio of 2:0–3:5–30 and then ammonia is metered in in the ratio MA: ammonia 2:1.5–8, in order to obtain iminodisuccinic acid ammonium salts which, in a second stage, are reacted with metal oxides, metal hydroxides (and) or other metal salts or their mixtures to give iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts of the formula 8, IDA(NH4)x(Na)y(K)z(Me)m.(NH3)nFormula 8 in which IDA represents iminodisuccinic acid moiety, x=0.1–3.9 y=0–3 z=0–3 m=0.1–2 n=0–6 and Me represents metals of the IInd, IIIrd and IVth main groups and of the Ist to VIIIth subgroups as well as metals of the lanthanide series, of the Periodic Table, which can occur in the oxidation states 1, 2, 3 or 4, the compounds themselves and their intermediates and the use.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for simulating the behavior of the drive system and the mechanism of machine tool or production-line machine by use of mathematical models of the drives and the mechanisms of the driven mechanical elements of the machine are disclosed. Preferably actual values for regulated and unregulated axes are calculated at the same time using NC- and PLC-models, respectively by an auxiliary computer using desired values provided by a digital controller. The actual values are then supplied to a mechanism model, preferably a geometric kinematic model, which produces a state signal that is fed back to the digital controller, preferably in real time. The result is an efficient, easy and cost-effective simulation that closely approximates reality and can be provided in real-time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel conditioning agent based on polysuccinimide, its hydrolysates or its partial hydrolysates, for preventing deposits in standing or flowing water systems.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for simulating the behavior of the drive system and the mechanism of machine tool or production-line machine by use of mathematical models of the drives and the mechanisms of the driven mechanical elements of the machine are disclosed. Preferably actual values for regulated and unregulated axes are calculated at the same time using NC- and PLC-models, respectively by an auxiliary computer using desired values provided by a digital controller. The actual values are then supplied to a mechanism model, preferably a geometric kinematic model, which produces a state signal that is fed back to the digital controller, preferably in real time. The result is an efficient, easy and cost-effective simulation that closely approximates reality and can be provided in real-time.

Abstract: A test device and a test method for testing a machine tool or production machine are disclosed. A control and monitoring unit processes at least one predefined instruction sequence and generates control commands for operating the machine controller in order to test the machine. The control commands are transmitted to the machine controller, where they are executed. The instruction sequence also includes control instructions. This results in a relatively simple test device and method for automatically and reproducibly testing a machine tool or production machine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of iminodisuccinic acid ammonium metal salts, characterized in that, in a first stage, maleic anhydride (MA), alkali metal hydroxide and water are mixed in the molar ratio of 2:0-3:5-30 and then ammonia is metered in in the ratio MA: ammonia 2:1.

Abstract: Cleaning compositions which, as powder or as aqueous formulation based on sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and/or sugar, comprise a water-soluble polymeric polycarboxylate as dispersant with the exception of those formulations containing only sodium bicarbonate and polyaspartic acids and/or their salts, to the use of these cleaning compositions for the abrasive cleaning of hard surfaces. A method for cleaning surfaces contaminated with deposits using these cleaning compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel conditioning agent based on polysuccinimide, its hydrolysates or its partial hydrolysates, for preventing deposits in standing or flowing water systems.