Abstract: This invention provides a class of nicotine analogs which as therapeutic agents exhibit tranquilizing effects in mammals.Illustrative of an invention nicotine analog is 3-[N-methyl-N-(3-aminopropyl)]aminomethylpyridine ##STR1## the nicotine analogs can exist in the form of acid addition salts.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel class of nicotine analogs which as therapeutic agents exhibit tranquilizing effects in mammals.Illustrative of invention nicotine analogs are 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-2-(3-pyridyl)pyrrolidine: ##STR1## and (R,S)-6-(N,N-dimethyl-3-aminopropyl)nicotine: ##STR2## The nicotine analogs can exist in the form of acid addition salts.

Abstract: Smoking articles comprising a high density, relatively low porosity coherent mass of combustible tobacco-containing material having at least one passage extending therethrough are disclosed. In a preferred embodiment the smoking article is a cylinder having at least one passage axially therethrough. The smoking article may further comprise a plug of ignitable material in passage blocking position at one end of the passage, said plug being such as to permit puff induced air flow therethrough. At least one additional plug may be similarly disposed at the opposite end of the passage or at an intermediate point in the passage. By adjusting the density, the surface area and/or the porosity of the mass available for combustion, the per puff delivery of tar by the smoking article upon combustion may be controlled.

Abstract: A method of making smoking articles wherein a combustible tobacco material is mixed with one or more other ingredients including a liquid, the mixture being subjected to further processing to produce a shaped coherent mass having a through passage. Shaping is effected by application of pressure to the mixture to form the coherent mass, and is followed by drying of same, the mixture composition being selected and the shaping pressure and drying being controlled to impart to the shaped mass a porosity and density such as to substantially occlude gas flow therethrough and a porosity sufficient to support combustion of the shaped mass when ignited.

Abstract: The production of 2-cyano N-substituted heterocyclic compounds by a process which involves the reduction of N-substituted lactams followed by reaction of the intermediate product with cyanide is described. This process permits the production of many known and novel compounds.