Abstract: Devices and methods are provided where photoresist is applied on a substrate and at least some regions of the photoresist are dried prior to removing a substrate from a substrate support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a column (1) for thermal treatment of a fluid, having a cylindrical, vertical column body (2) which forms a column cavity (3), and a mass transfer tray (4) which is disposed in the column cavity (3) and forms a collecting area (5). The inventive column (1) is characterized by a circulation device (9) having at least one drain orifice (10) formed in the column body (2) above the collecting area (5), a circulation line (11) in fluid connection with the drain orifice (10) and at least one recycling orifice (14; 14-1 to 14-3) which is in fluid connection with the circulation line (11) and is formed in the column body (2) above the collecting area (5). The invention also relates to a thermal separating process in which such a column (1) is used. In this separating process, a gas ascends within the column and a liquid descends within the column, said gas and/or liquid especially comprising (meth)acrylic monomers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a column (1) for thermal treatment of fluid mixtures, having a cylindrical, vertical column body (2) which forms a column cavity (3), a plurality of trays (8) mounted with vertical spacing in the column cavity (3), and a support construction (9) which supports at least one of the trays (8) in vertical direction. It is a characteristic feature of the inventive column (1) that the support construction (9) has a plurality of orifices (12) which allow horizontal mass transfer through the support construction (9). The invention further relates to a tray device for such a column and to a thermal separation process between at least one gas ascending within such a column (1) and at least one liquid descending within the column (1).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system (1) for operating a liquid gas evaporator (3), comprising an evaporator (3) for evaporating a liquid gas into its gaseous aggregation state, a trough (5) carrying the evaporator (3), a housing (7) which surrounds the evaporator (3) on three sides and which terminates flush with the trough (5), at least one detector (9) which is sensitive to the liquid gas and its gaseous aggregation state and which is arranged in the trough (5), a line (11) for the distribution of vapor D, which is provided on the fourth, non-housed side of the evaporator (3) and which is arranged at that margin of the trough (5) which is not closed off by the housing (7), a feed (13), connected to the line (11), for the vapor D, and a regulating valve (15) provided on the feed (13) and connected to the detector (9) and at least one shut-off valve (17). The present invention relates furthermore, to a method for operating a liquid gas evaporator (3).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus (1) for separation of a target product from a liquid phase P comprising the target product, comprising at least one primary space (3) for a heat transfer medium W, at least one first feed unit (5a) and one first removal unit (5b) for the heat transfer medium W, at least one secondary space (7) for the liquid phase P, at least one second feed unit (9) for the liquid phase P, at least one crystallization surface (13) which divides the primary space (3) and the secondary space (7), at least one second removal unit (15) for the target product and at least one application unit (11) for a liquid phase P0 essentially directly to the crystallization surface (13) or the surfaces of lines that conduct the heat transfer medium W. The present invention further relates to a process for removing a target product from a liquid phase P comprising the target product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plant (1) for performance of heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase reactions, comprising a reactor (3), at least one line (11) leading into the reactor (3) for introduction of reactants into the reactor (3), at least one first feed (5) for providing at least one first reactant A, which leads into the line (11), at least one second feed (7) for providing at least one second reactant B, which leads into the line (11), at least one third feed (9) for providing a cycle gas G, which leads into the line (11), a temperature control unit (13) which is disposed in the line (11) upstream of the reactor (3) and is for controlling the temperature of the first reactant A and/or second reactant B and/or cycle gas G prior to entry into the reactor (3) and at least one outlet (15) for products, by-products and/or unreacted reactants from the gas phase reaction. The present invention further relates to a process for performing heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase reactions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (column) for bringing about a phase contact between a liquid phase and a gaseous phase, in particular a material exchange column, comprising: a shell, which extends along a longitudinal axis and bounds a shell space, at least a first circular tray, arranged in the shell space, for taking up the liquid phase, which extends crosswise to the longitudinal axis, whereby the at least one first tray has through openings for passage of a gaseous phase, so that the gaseous phase can come into phase contact with the liquid phase that is located on the at least one first tray. According to the invention, a large number of sealing weirs projecting from the first tray along the longitudinal axis are provided, which extend in each case along a radial direction of the at least one first tray, so that the first tray is divided into a corresponding plurality of sectors. In addition, the invention relates to an apparatus comprising such a device and a floatable carrier.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a computer for transmitting data in a network. The computer includes at least one data transmission port configured to be connected to at least one storage device via a plurality of paths of a network. The computer further includes a processor configured to detect recurring intermittent errors in one or more paths of the plurality of paths and to disable access to the one or more paths based on detecting the recurring intermittent errors.

Abstract: An integrated circuit structure provides at least one metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor and a moat isolation structure wherein the number of processes required is substantially minimized and the formation of the MIM capacitor and the moat isolation structure effectively decouple while the number of processes common to the moat isolation structure and the MIM capacitor are maximized. Additional required processes are non-critical and tolerant of overlay positioning error.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reactor system (1) comprising a reactor 3, at least one cooler (5) connected to the reactor (3), at least one pump (7) for circulating at least some of a liquid heat-transfer medium (9), wherein the pump (7) is connected to the reactor (3) and/or the at least one cooler (5), and a container (11) for collecting the liquid heat-transfer medium (9), wherein the container (11) is connected to the reactor (3) and/or the at least one cooler (5), wherein the container (11) is disposed substantially below the reactor (3) and/or the at least one cooler (5). Moreover, the use of the reactor system (1) according to the invention for carrying out exothermic reactions is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) comprising a bundle of at least two heat exchanger tubes (3), a heat exchanger housing (5) surrounding the bundle of heat exchanger tubes (3), wherein a liquid heat-transfer medium (7) is passed around the bundle of heat exchanger tubes (3) in the heat exchanger housing (5), a heat exchanger cap (9) sealing the top of the heat exchanger housing (5), a heat exchanger bottom (11) sealing the bottom of the heat exchanger housing (5), a feed point (13) for the heat-transfer medium (7), an outlet (15) for the heat-transfer medium (7), an emergency relief port (17) disposed in proximity to the heat exchanger cap (9). The heat exchanger (1) comprises a safety device (19) disposed in proximity to the heat exchanger bottom (11). The present invention further relates to a reactor arrangement (101).

Abstract: The present invention describes a system (1) for recovering liquid or free-flowing chemicals in a chemical plant (3), comprising at least two plant sections (3a, 3b), for each plant section (3a, 3b) at least one connecting device (5a, 5b) arranged at the lowest point, at least one common collecting line (7) which runs beneath the connecting devices (5a, 5b) and connects them to one another, at least one collecting vessel (9) arranged at the same height as or higher than the at least two plant sections (3a, 3b) and above the collecting line (7), at least one pump (11) provided in the collecting line (7) between the connecting devices (5a, 5b) and the collecting vessel (9) for drawing off the at least one liquid or free-flowing chemical combined in the collecting line (7) and introducing it into the collecting vessel (9).

Abstract: Example systems and methods of application construction for execution on diverse computing infrastructures are presented. In one example, an application descriptor comprising information regarding an application is received. Available computing machine resources for execution of the application are selected based on the information in the application descriptor. Software resources comprising the application are installed on the selected computing machine resources based on the information in the application descriptor. At least one of the selected computing machine resources and the installed software resources are configured for execution of the application based on the information in the application descriptor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to monodisperse silanized ferrimagnetic iron oxide particles, a method for producing the same and a method for independent generic binding of nucleic acid molecules to the particles.

Abstract: A thermoacoustic transducer includes a mechanical converter providing power conversion between acoustic and mechanical power and includes a diaphragm defining a compression and an expansion chamber. A thermal converter including a flow passage having a regenerator portion is thermally coupled for conversion between acoustic and thermal power. The mechanical converter is in fluid communication with the flow passage through transmission ducts completing an acoustic power loop having a volume containing a working gas. A transmission duct cross-sectional area is less than a regenerator flow area, which is less than a diaphragm surface area. The diaphragm undergoes resilient displacement causing pressure oscillations within the volume. The power loop is configured to cause one location along the loop to have anti-phase pressure oscillations to pressure oscillations in the mechanical converter.

Abstract: A streaming video server includes a virtual file system that stores playlist data corresponding to a plurality of video programs available from at least one video source and that stores variant playlist data corresponding to each of the plurality of video programs that indicates a single variant for streaming each of the plurality of video programs. The streaming video server receives a request for a selected one of the plurality of video programs from a client device. The selected one of the plurality of video programs is retrieved from the at least one video source in response to the request. A rate generator generates rate data based on the transmission feedback data. A plurality of encoded segments are generated from the selected one of the plurality of video programs, based on rate data.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a computer for transmitting data in a network. The computer includes at least one data transmission port configured to be connected to at least one storage device via a plurality of paths of a network. The computer further includes a processor configured to detect recurring intermittent errors in one or more paths of the plurality of paths and to disable access to the one or more paths based on detecting the recurring intermittent errors.

Abstract: A clamping current and voltage sensor provides an isolated and convenient technique for measuring current passing through a conductor such as an AC branch circuit wire, as well as providing an indication of an electrostatic potential on the wire, which can be used to indicate the phase of the voltage on the wire, and optionally a magnitude of the voltage. The device includes a body formed from two handle portions that contain the current and voltage sensors within an aperture at the distal end, which may be a ferrite cylinder with a hall effect sensor disposed in a gap along the circumference to measure current, or alternatively a winding provided through the cylinder along its axis and a capacitive plate or wire disposed adjacent to, or within, the ferrite cylinder to provide the indication of the voltage. When the handles are compressed the aperture is opened to permit insertion of a wire for measurement.

Abstract: A thermal separation process between a gas ascending in a separating column and a liquid descending in the separating column, which comprise (meth)acrylic monomers, wherein the separating column comprises a sequence of crossflow mass transfer trays, the crossflow mass transfer trays of which have passage orifices for the ascending gas in crossflow direction both in front of and beyond a downcomer for the descending liquid, and such crossflow mass transfer trays and one such crossflow mass transfer tray in a sequence of crossflow mass transfer trays present in a separating column.

Abstract: An integrated circuit structure provides at least one metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitor and a moat isolation structure wherein the number of processes required is substantially minimized and the formation of the MIM capacitor and the moat isolation structure effectively decouple while the number of processes common to the moat isolation structure and the MIM capacitor are maximized. Additional required processes are non-critical and tolerant of overlay positioning error.