Abstract: A computer assisted surgery method and apparatus for determining a change in a property of a joint of a patient caused by an arthroplasty procedure is described. The relative position of a first bone and a second bone of the joint is determined with the joint in a first position. The position of a pre-operative center of motion of the joint relative to the first bone is determined. The position of the second bone relative to the pre-operative center of motion is determined using the relative position of the first and second bones. The position of a post-operative center of motion resulting from a prosthetic component to be used in the joint is determined. The position of the second bone relative to the post-operative center of motion is determined. Any change in the property of the joint. is determined from the difference between the position of the second bone relative to the pre-operative center of motion and the position of the second bone relative to the post-operative center of motion.

Abstract: A system and computer implemented method for use in determining the deviation of an intra-operative position of an orthopaedic implant from a planned position is described. The position of the orthopedic implant in the bone is defined by a plurality of implant position parameters. The distance of a plurality of anatomical features in a three dimensional model of the surface of the bone relative to a model of the implant at a first position is calculated. The first position corresponds to a first set of values for the implant position parameters. The distance of the plurality of anatomical features to a model of the implant at a second position in the bone is calculated. The second position corresponds to a second set of values for the implant position parameters, and the second position is different to the first position.

Abstract: A patient specific instrument for use in a ball and socket joint arthroplasty procedure, method of manufacture and method of use are described. The instrument comprises an attachment mechanism for attaching the instrument to the socket of the patient, which has at least first and second parts which can engage the rim of the socket of the patient. Each part is shaped, or can transform to a shape, to match the shape of a respective portion of the rim of the socket. A body bears at least one guide formation for guiding a component to be used in the arthroplasty procedure. The instrument includes a locking mechanism by which the body and attachment mechanism can be assembled in a unique configuration into the patient specific instrument. The patient specific instrument is attachable to the socket of the patient only at a single pre-planned position.

Abstract: A system and computer implemented method for use in determining the deviation-of an intra-operative position of an orthopaedic implant from a planned position is described. The position of the orthopaedic implant in the bone is defined by a plurality of implant position parameters. The distance of a plurality of anatomical features in a three dimensional model of the surface of the bone relative to a model of the implant at a first position is calculated. The first position corresponds to a first set of values for the implant position parameters. The distance of the plurality of anatomical features to a model of the implant at a second position in the bone is calculated. The second position corresponds to a second set of values for the implant position parameters, and the second position is different to the first position.

Abstract: A computer assisted surgery method and apparatus for determining a change in a property of a joint of a patient caused by an arthroplasty procedure is described. The relative position of a first bone and a second bone of the joint is determined with the joint in a first position. The position of a pre-operative center of motion of the joint relative to the first bone is determined. The position of the second bone relative to the pre-operative center of motion is determined using the relative position of the first and second bones. The position of a post-operative center of motion resulting from a prosthetic component to be used in the joint is determined. The position of the second bone relative to the post-operative center of motion is determined. Any change in the property of the joint. is determined from the difference between the position of the second bone relative to the pre-operative center of motion and the position of the second bone relative to the post-operative center of motion.

Abstract: A computer system and a method for calculating an ADME properties of a substance on the basis of molecular properties of the substance by using a biophysical model, into which the molecular properties are entered as input quantities. The biophysical model establishes a relationship between the molecular properties and the ADME properties.

Abstract: A rotationally symmetric surgical instrument for use with a computer aided surgery system which is adapted so that it is easy to check its calibration and methods of checking the calibration of such instruments are described. The instrument includes a body having a working end which includes a working point which characterises the location in space of the working end. The instrument also has a location at which a marker can be attached to the instrument. Only a single formation is located toward the working end which provides a calibration reference point for engaging with a trackable instrument. The single formation has a fixed position relative to the working point. The position of the calibration reference point relative to the marker array can be determined so as to check whether the calibration of the instrument is still accurate.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data for a security device, in particular for access authorization systems and/or driving authorization systems of a motor vehicle, in which data are transmitted over the air from a transmitter unit to a receiver unit. In a method in which, despite contactless interrogation of the identification signal transmitter, an authorizing access information item cannot be obtained by a third party, the data are transmitted, after capacitive coupling of the transmitter unit and receiver unit, from the transmitter to the receiver using a signal which is generated by a capacitive alternating field.

Abstract: A kit of parts, surgical item, method for adapting a surgical item and computer implemented method for tracking a marked surgical item are described. The kit of parts can include a surgical item, a marker assembly and at least one further marker separate to the marker assembly. The marker assembly comprises at least two markers and can be attached to the surgical item at a plurality of positions. The further marker can be mounted on the surgical item at a fixed position on the surgical item relative to a part of the surgical item to be tracked. When assembled, the position of said further marker relative to said marker assembly allows a tracking system to track the part of the surgical item with the marker assembly at any of the plurality of positions.

Abstract: Orthopaedic operating systems, operating rooms, computer aided surgical methods, trackable implants, instruments and surgical planning and IGS software applications are described. The integrated surgical system is for use in an orthopaedic operating room to enable a surgeon to carry out a computer aided surgical procedure on a subject. A subject support, wireless magnetic tracking system, registration system, at least a first display device, a control system and a surgeon interface operable by the surgeon to control operation of the plurality of parts of the integrated surgical system are provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems for registering the position of a body part of a patient with a computer aided surgery system are described. A computer implemented method includes determining the position of a plurality of points of the body part, fitting the points to a representation of the body part, determining a closeness of fit for each of the points and displaying an indication of the closeness of fit. The system includes a tracking system for determining the position of an instrument engageable with a plurality of points of the body part and a control system. The control system is configured to determine the position of the plurality of points of the body part, fit the points to a representation of the body part, determine a closeness of fit for each of the points and display an indication of the closeness of fit for at least one of the points.

Abstract: An apparatus that continuously monitors the arterial pressure measured by a pressure sensor in an artery, which pressure is regarded as the reading Pao that approximately corresponds to the aortal pressure. In principle, the arterial pressure can be measured in the aorta, near the aorta, or in the arterial tree. To provide a second reading, the apparatus, via the input channel, continuously monitors the central venous pressure (CVP), which is regarded as the reading PIT that approximately corresponds to the intrathoracic pressure (ITP). The third reading is provided via the input channel as a reading Z which expresses the thoracic compliance.

Abstract: A system for the determination of quantifies relating to the circulatory system of a patient including a device for the non-invasive measurement of the qualitative variation over time of the local concentration of an indicator injected into the blood circulation system at a first position, the measurement taking place at a second position of the blood circulation system. An evaluating unit is provided, in which there is implemented an evaluating algorithm which transforms the qualitative variation into a quantitative variation over time of the local concentration of the indicator injected into the blood circulation system. For the purposes of the transformation, the condition is fulfilled that the cardiac output COdye calculable from the quantitative variation over time of the local concentration in accordance with a predetermined relationship is equal to an input value of the cardiac output COe, which has been determined by thermodilution measurement.

Abstract: A method of performing a computer-assisted orthopaedic procedure includes securing a sensor support instrument to the patient's bone. A number of sensors are secured to the support instrument. A computer-assisted orthopaedic surgical instrument is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of performing a computer-assisted orthopaedic procedure includes securing a sensor support instrument to the patient's bone. A number of sensors are secured to the support instrument. A computer-assisted orthopaedic surgical instrument is also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer system and a method for calculating an ADME property of a substance, which comprises the following steps: a. input of molecular properties of said substance into a biophysical model, whereby said biophysical model describes a correlation between the molecular properties and the ADME property and b. output of the ADME property.

Abstract: In a method, a device and a computer program for determining the blood flow in a tissue or organ region, the fluorescence intensity of an exogenous chromophore is measured as a function of time in the tissue region to be examined and from this the permeation rate of the chromophore is calculated, from which the blood flow can be derived.

Abstract: An apparatus that continuously monitors the arterial pressure measured by a pressure sensor in an artery, which pressure is regarded as the reading Pao that approximately corresponds to the aortal pressure. In principle, the arterial pressure can be measured in the aorta, near the aorta, or in the arterial tree. To provide a second reading, the apparatus, via the input channel, continuously monitors the central venous pressure (CVP), which is regarded as the reading PIT that approximately corresponds to the intrathoracic pressure (ITP). The third reading is provided via the input channel as a reading Z which expresses the thoracic compliance.

Abstract: A mathematical determination model is used to select odorants for products to be perfumed and for the preparation.

Abstract: A central venous cather (1) is placed in the vena cava superior (2) and equipped with a heating coil (3) for emitting heat pulses in the immediate proximity of the distal end (5) of the catheter (1) in order to introduce travelling temperature deviations to the patient's circulation. The power transferred to the blood stream during emission of each heat pulse represents an input signal for modified thermodilution measurements. Each travelling temperature deviation is detected as a system response corresponding to an input signal, when it reaches an arterial catheter (14) which additionally comprises a pressure sensor (17) for measuring the local blood pressure in the arteria femoralis (16) as a function of time.