Abstract: Y4 receptor agonists which are selective for the Y4 receptor over the Y1 and Y2 receptors, are useful in the prevention and/or treatment of damage to bowel function caused by radiation therapy, radiation exposure, cytotoxic chemotherapy, inflammation, or ischemia-reperfusion of intestinal mucosa.

Abstract: Y4 receptor agonist peptide selected from the group consisting of: [Ala30]PP2-36, [Thr30]PP2-36, [Asn30]PP2-36, [Gln30]PP2-36, [Glu10]PP2-36, [Glu10,Leu17,Thr30]PP2-36, [Nle17,Nle30]PP2-36, [Glu10,Nle17,Nle30]PP2-36, their PP1-36 equivalents, and analogues and derivatives thereof as described in the specification, are selective agonists of the Y4 receptor relative to the Y1 and Y2 receptors, and are useful in the treatment, for example, of obesity and overweight, and conditions in which these are considered contributory factors, and in the treatment of diarrhoea and intestinal hypersecretion.

Abstract: The modified human PP peptides (i) [Lys4,Leu17,Ser30,Gln34]hPP, (ii) Lys4,Leu17,Thr30,Gln34]hPP; and (iii) [Lys4,Leu17,oxidised Met30,Gln34]hPP wherein “oxidised Met” may be the sulfoxide or sulfone, and certain analogues and derivatised forms thereof as referred to in the specification, are selective agonists of the Y2 receptor relative to the Y1 and Y4 receptors, and are useful for, for example, appetite control and therapeutic angiogenesis.

Abstract: Human Pancreatic Polypeptide mutants are provided which have utility, inter alia, for regulation of energy intake or energy metabolism, control of intestinal secretion, decrease of gastrointestinal tract motility, decrease of rate of gastric emptying, treatment of obesity or overweight, or conditions in which obesity or overweight is a contributory factor.

Abstract: Y receptor agonists other than PYY 3-36, which are selective for the Y2 receptor over the Y1 and Y4 receptors, and their use in the treatment of conditions responsive to activation of Y2 receptors, are disclosed.

Abstract: Y4 receptor agonist peptide selected from the group consisting of: [Ala30]PP2-36, [Thr30]PP2-36, Asn30]PP2-36, [Gln30]PP2-36, [Glu10]PP2-36, [Glu10,Leu17,Thr30]PP2-36, [Nle17,Nle30]PP2-36, [Glu10,Nle17,Nle30]PP2-36, their PP1-36 equivalents, and analogues and derivatives thereof as described in the specification, are selective agonists of the Y4 receptor relative to the Y1 and Y2 receptors, and are useful in the treatment, for example, of obesity and overweight, and conditions in which these are considered contributory factors, and in the treatment of diarrhoea and intestinal hypersecretion.

Abstract: Y4 receptor agonists selective for the Y4 receptor over the Y1 and Y2 receptors are useful for treatment of conditions responsive to activation of Y4 receptors. The Y4 selective agonists (a) are PP-fold peptide or PP-fold peptide mimics which have C— and N-terminal sequence features as specified in the description or (b) have an covalent intramolecular link, or (c) comprise two covalently linked C-terminal Y4 receptor-recognition amino acid sequences each of which comprises the last four residues of a C-terminal receptor recognition sequence of the type (a) agonists.

Abstract: Y receptor agonists which are selective for Y2 and Y4 receptors over the Y1 receptor are useful for treatment of, for example obesity, are (a) PP-fold peptides or PP-fold peptides mimics which have (i) a C-terminal Y receptor-recognition amino acid sequence represented by —X-Thr-Arg-X3-Arg-Tyr-C(=0)NR1R2 wherein R1 and R1 are independently hydrogen or C1-C6 alkyl X is Val, Ile, Leu or Ala, and X3 is Gln or Asn, or a conservatively substituted variant thereof in which Thr is replaced by His or Asn and/or Tyr is replaced by Trp or Phe; and/or Arg is replaced by Lys, and (ii) an N-terminal Y receptor-recognition amino acid sequence represented by H2N—X1-Pro-X2—(Glu or Asp)—wherein X1 is not present or is amino acid residue, and X2 is Leu or Ser or conservative substitutions of Leu or Ser, or (b) the said comprise a C-terminal Y receptor-recognition amino acid sequence as defined in (i) above, said Y receptor-recognition sequence being fused to an amphiphilic amino acid sequence domain comprising at least one alp

Abstract: The modified human PP peptides (i) [Lys4,Leu17,Ser30,Gln34]hPP, (ii) Lys4,Leu17,Thr30,Gln34]hPP; and (iii) [Lys4,Leu17,oxidised Met30,Gln34]hPP wherein “oxidised Met” may be the sulfoxide or sulfone, and certain analogues and derivativatised forms thereof as referred to in the specification, are selective agonists of the Y2 receptor relative to the Y1 and Y4 receptors, and are useful for, for example, appetite control and therapeutic angiogenesis.

Abstract: Compounds of the invention act as inverse agonist ghrelin receptors. Some of the compounds of the invention may have both inverse agonistic and antagonistic properties as they both decrease or eliminate the constitutive activity of he ghrelin receptor and block the effect of ghrelin. Other preferred compounds of the invention have inverse agonistic properties but have little or no antagonistic activity. The compounds are suitable for medical and/or cosmetic use in connection with modulation of feeding behaviors, body composition and reduction of body mass. The invention also relates to methods for identifying inverse agonists for the ghrelin receptor and for monitoring the further development of such compounds.