Abstract: The invention is directed to methods of converting a carboxylic acid group in a compound, via a redox active ester, to a corresponding boronic ester by treatment with bis(pinacolato)diboron-alkyllithium complex in the presence of a ligand, a Ni(II) salt or a copper salt, and an Mg(II) salt, in the presence of an alkyllithium or a lithium hydroxide or alkoxide salt. The product pinacolato boronate ester can be cleaved to provide a boronic acid. The invention is also directed to methods of preparing various compounds of medical value comprising boronic acid groups, and to novel boronic-acid containing compounds of medicinal value, including an atorvastatin boronic acid analog, a vancomycin aglycone boronic acid analog, and boronic acid containing elastase inhibitors mCBK319, mCBK320, mCBK323, and RPX-7009.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods of converting a carboxylic acid group in a compound, via a redox active ester, to a corresponding boronic ester by treatment with bis(pinacolato)diboron-alkyllithium complex in the presence of a ligand, a Ni(ll) salt or a copper salt, and an Mg(ll) salt, in the presence of an alkyllithium or a lithium hydroxide or alkoxide salt. The product pinacolato boronate ester can be cleaved to provide a boronic acid. The invention is also directed to methods of preparing various compounds of medical value comprising boronic acid groups, and to novel boronic-acid containing compounds of medicinal value, including an atorvastatin boronic acid analog, a vancomycin aglycone boronic acid analog, and boronic acid containing elastase inhibitors mCBK319, mCBK320, mCBK323, and RPX-7009.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods of converting a carboxylic acid group in a compound, via a redox active ester, to a corresponding boronic ester by treatment with bis(pinacolato)diboron-alkyllithium complex in the presence of a ligand, a Ni(11) salt or a copper salt, and an Mg(11) salt, in the presence of an alkyllithium or a lithium hydroxide or alkoxide salt. The product pinacolato boronate ester can be cleaved to provide a boronic acid. The invention is also directed to methods of preparing various compounds of medical value comprising boronic acid groups, and to novel boronic-acid containing compounds of medicinal value, including an atorvastatin boronic acid analog, a vancomycin aglycone boronic acid analog, and boronic acid containing elastase inhibitors mCBK319, mCBK320, mCBK323, and RPX-7009.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for inputting information. A specific implementation mode of the method comprises: receiving user-inputted voice information, the voice information being associated with content to be inputted in an input area of an application; considering emojis associated with the voice information as a candidate result, the emojis comprising: emojis historically inputted in the input area of the application by multiple users inputting voice information semantically associated with the voice information, with a frequency higher than a frequency threshold; inputting an emoji selected by the user from the candidate result, in the input area of the application. The present disclosure implements the following: when the user performs voice input, it is feasible to accurately understand the intention of the user's voice input, intelligently recommend a matched emoji according to content and emotion of the speech, assist the user in performing quick input of the emoji.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an error-correcting word displaying method and apparatus, a device and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises: obtaining a user-input input code; obtaining a discreteness evaluation result of the input code; determining an error-correcting adjustment policy according to the discreteness evaluation result; displaying the error-correcting word corresponding to the input code according to the error-correcting adjustment policy. The solution of the present disclosure may be used to improve the accuracy of display results.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for inputting information. A specific implementation mode of the method comprises: receiving user-inputted voice information, the voice information being associated with content to be inputted in an input area of an application; considering emojis associated with the voice information as a candidate result, the emojis comprising: emojis historically inputted in the input area of the application by multiple users inputting voice information semantically associated with the voice information, with a frequency higher than a frequency threshold; inputting an emoji selected by the user from the candidate result, in the input area of the application. The present disclosure implements the following: when the user performs voice input, it is feasible to accurately understand the intention of the user's voice input, intelligently recommend a matched emoji according to content and emotion of the speech, assist the user in performing quick input of the emoji.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting BGA packages for one or more testing processes is disclosed. The apparatus includes a substrate member. The substrate member has a plurality of contact pads, with each of the contact pads being spatially disposed around a peripheral region of the substrate. The apparatus further includes a plurality of contact regions spatially configured on a portion of the substrate member. Each of the plurality of contact regions is numbered from 1 through N being electrically connected to respective contact pads numbered from 1 through N. The plurality of contact regions is configured to provide electrical contact to respective plurality of balls provided on a BGA package. The apparatus additionally includes a holder device coupled to the substrate member. The holder device is adapted to mechanically hold the BGA package in place to provide mechanical contact between the plurality of balls and respective plurality of contact regions.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting BGA packages for one or more testing processes is disclosed. The apparatus includes a substrate member. The substrate member has a plurality of contact pads, with each of the contact pads being spatially disposed around a peripheral region of the substrate. The apparatus further includes a plurality of contact regions spatially configured on a portion of the substrate member. Each of the plurality of contact regions is numbered from 1 through N being electrically connected to respective contact pads numbered from 1 through N. The plurality of contact regions is configured to provide electrical contact to respective plurality of balls provided on a BGA package. The apparatus additionally includes a holder device coupled to the substrate member. The holder device is adapted to mechanically hold the BGA package in place to provide mechanical contact between the plurality of balls and respective plurality of contact regions.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting BGA packages for one or more testing processes is disclosed. The apparatus includes a substrate member. The substrate member has a plurality of contact pads, with each of the contact pads being spatially disposed around a peripheral region of the substrate. The apparatus further includes a plurality of contact regions spatially configured on a portion of the substrate member. Each of the plurality of contact regions is numbered from 1 through N being electrically connected to respective contact pads numbered from 1 through N. The plurality of contact regions is configured to provide electrical contact to respective plurality of balls provided on a BGA package. The apparatus additionally includes a holder device coupled to the substrate member. The holder device is adapted to mechanically hold the BGA package in place to provide mechanical contact between the plurality of balls and respective plurality of contact regions.

Abstract: An apparatus for supporting BGA packages for one or more testing processes is disclosed. The apparatus includes a substrate member. The substrate member has a plurality of contact pads, with each of the contact pads being spatially disposed around a peripheral region of the substrate. The apparatus further includes a plurality of contact regions spatially configured on a portion of the substrate member. Each of the plurality of contact regions is numbered from 1 through N being electrically connected to respective contact pads numbered from 1 through N. The plurality of contact regions is configured to provide electrical contact to respective plurality of balls provided on a BGA package. The apparatus additionally includes a holder device coupled to the substrate member. The holder device is adapted to mechanically hold the BGA package in place to provide mechanical contact between the plurality of balls and respective plurality of contact regions.

Abstract: Embodiments of a method for making metal oxides or mixed metal oxides are disclosed. One representative embodiment comprises selecting a substrate for making the metal oxide or mixed metal oxide, contacting a biological system with the substrate material for an effective period of time, and optionally isolating the metal oxide or mixed metal oxide from the biological system. The biological system can be a living organism, or proteins derived from the living organism. Working embodiments used microalgae, specifically diatoms of the class Bacillariophycae, including marine Pennate diatoms, such as Nitzschia and/or Pinnularia diatoms, and Centric diatoms, such as Cyclotella species. The method also can involve post processing a primary or secondary material produced biologically.