Abstract: A load switch includes a switch input, a switch output, a first field-effect transistor (FET), and a second FET. The switch input is adapted to be coupled to a controller output of a controller. The switch output is adapted to be coupled to a controller input of the controller. The first FET has a gate and a source. The gate of the first FET is coupled to the switch input. The second FET has a gate and a source. The gate of the second FET is coupled to the source of the first FET. The source of the second FET is coupled to the switch output.

Abstract: The process and system led to the identification of prenyltransferase genes from elicitor-treated peanut hairy roots. One of the prenyltransferases, AhR4DT-1 catalyzes a key reaction involved in the biosynthesis of prenylated stilbenoids, in which resveratrol is prenylated at its C-4 position to form arachidin-2, while another, AhR3?DT-1, was able to add the prenyl group to C-3? of resveratrol. Each of these prenyltransferases has a high specificity for stilbenoid substrates, and their subcellular location in the plastid was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Structure analysis of the prenylated stilbenoids suggest that these two prenyltransferase activities represent the first committed steps in the biosynthesis of a large number of prenylated stilbenoids and their derivatives in peanut.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a precision reference circuit, which contains a bandgap reference circuit and an offset-correction circuit. The bandgap reference circuit has an output that is coupled to provide a bandgap reference voltage and an intermediate node that is separated from the output by a transimpedance resistor. The offset-correction circuit is coupled to the bandgap reference circuit and includes a DAC. The DAC is coupled to the intermediate node and is also coupled to receive an external digital value. The external digital value determines a fraction of a correction current that will be passed by the DAC.

Abstract: A load switch includes a switch input, a switch output, a first field-effect transistor (FET), and a second FET. The switch input is adapted to be coupled to a controller output of a controller. The switch output is adapted to be coupled to a controller input of the controller. The first FET has a gate and a source. The gate of the first FET is coupled to the switch input. The second FET has a gate and a source. The gate of the second FET is coupled to the source of the first FET. The source of the second FET is coupled to the switch output.

Abstract: An example apparatus includes: a first voltage source, a first amplifier having a noninverting input adapted to be coupled to a photodiode anode and coupled to the first voltage source, an inverting input adapted to be coupled to a photodiode cathode, and an output, a first resistor coupled to the first amplifier inverting input and to the first amplifier output, a first capacitor coupled to the inverting input of the first amplifier and the first amplifier output, and a second voltage source different from the first voltage source. There is a second amplifier having a noninverting input, an inverting input and an output. The noninverting input is coupled to the output of the first amplifier, the inverting input is coupled to the second voltage source, and there is a second resistor coupled to the inverting input and the output of the second amplifier.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a precision reference circuit, which contains a bandgap reference circuit and an offset-correction circuit. The bandgap reference circuit has an output that is coupled to provide a bandgap reference voltage and an intermediate node that is separated from the output by a transimpedance resistor. The offset-correction circuit is coupled to the bandgap reference circuit and includes a DAC. The DAC is coupled to the intermediate node and is also coupled to receive an external digital value. The external digital value determines a fraction of a correction current that will be passed by the DAC.

Abstract: An example apparatus includes: a first voltage source, a first amplifier having a noninverting input adapted to be coupled to a photodiode anode and coupled to the first voltage source, an inverting input adapted to be coupled to a photodiode cathode, and an output, a first resistor coupled to the first amplifier inverting input and to the first amplifier output, a first capacitor coupled to the inverting input of the first amplifier and the first amplifier output, and a second voltage source different from the first voltage source. There is a second amplifier having a noninverting input, an inverting input and an output. The noninverting input is coupled to the output of the first amplifier, the inverting input is coupled to the second voltage source, and there is a second resistor coupled to the inverting input and the output of the second amplifier.

Abstract: The process and system led to the identification of prenyltransferase genes from elicitor-treated peanut hairy roots. One of the prenyltransferases, AhR4DT-1 catalyzes a key reaction involved in the biosynthesis of prenylated stilbenoids, in which resveratrol is prenylated at its C-4 position to form arachidin-2, while another, AhR3?DT-1, was able to add the prenyl group to C-3? of resveratrol. Each of these prenyltransferases has a high specificity for stilbenoid substrates, and their subcellular location in the plastid was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Structure analysis of the prenylated stilbenoids suggest that these two prenyltransferase activities represent the first committed steps in the biosynthesis of a large number of prenylated stilbenoids and their derivatives in peanut.

Abstract: The process and system led to the identification of prenyltransferase genes from elicitor-treated peanut hairy roots. One of the prenyltransferases, AhR4DT-1 catalyzes a key reaction involved in the biosynthesis of prenylated stilbenoids, in which resveratrol is prenylated at its C-4 position to form arachidin-2, while another, AhR3?DT-1, was able to add the prenyl group to C-3? of resveratrol. Each of these prenyltransferases has a high specificity for stilbenoid substrates, and their subcellular location in the plastid was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Structure analysis of the prenylated stilbenoids suggest that these two prenyltransferase activities represent the first committed steps in the biosynthesis of a large number of prenylated stilbenoids and their derivatives in peanut.

Abstract: The process and system led to the identification of prenyltransferase genes from elicitor-treated peanut hairy roots. One of the prenyltransferases, AhR4DT-1 catalyzes a key reaction involved in the biosynthesis of prenylated stilbenoids, in which resveratrol is prenylated at its C-4 position to form arachidin-2, while another, AhR3?DT-1, was able to add the prenyl group to C-3? of resveratrol. Each of these prenyltransferases has a high specificity for stilbenoid substrates, and their subcellular location in the plastid was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Structure analysis of the prenylated stilbenoids suggest that these two prenyltransferase activities represent the first committed steps in the biosynthesis of a large number of prenylated stilbenoids and their derivatives in peanut.

Abstract: A method or process to increase the production of products of interest in plant material including plant cultures, such as, for example, cell suspension cultures, root cultures, and hairy root cultures is provided. In one embodiment, the method is to contacting the plant material with a precursor or xenobiotic when producing a product of interest from a plant. In another embodiment the plant material is also contacted with a trapping agent. The process may also provide for contacting an elicitor of the product of interest with the plant material. An embodiment provides for contacting an elicitor, precursor and trapping agent with the plant material. The ability to produce novel compounds such as glucosides and glucuronides is provided.

Abstract: A method to increase the production of products of interest in plant material including plant cultures, such as, for example, cell suspension cultures, root cultures, and hairy root cultures is provided. In one embodiment, the method is to contacting the plant material with a precursor or xenobiotic when producing a product of interest from a plant. In another embodiment the plant material is also contacted with a trapping agent. The process may also provide for contacting an elicitor of the product of interest with the plant material. An embodiment provides for contacting an elicitor, precursor and trapping agent with the plant material. The ability to produce novel compounds such as glucosides and glucuronides is provided.

Abstract: A method to increase the production of products of interest in plant material including plant cultures, such as, for example, cell suspension cultures, root cultures, and hairy root cultures is provided. In one embodiment, the method is to contacting the plant material with a precursor or xenobiotic when producing a product of interest from a plant. In another embodiment the plant material is also contacted with a trapping agent. The process may also provide for contacting an elicitor of the product of interest with the plant material. An embodiment provides for contacting an elicitor, precursor and trapping agent with the plant material. The ability to produce novel compounds such as glucosides and glucuronides is provided.