Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to facilitate selection of other user equipment as a relay node in order to establish connection to a network, such as following a radio link failure. In the context of a method for establishing a device-to-device connection, signals may be received from a plurality of user equipment that indicates that the user equipment have relay capabilities. The method also includes selecting a respective user equipment to serve as a relay to a network based upon one or more parameters. The method also establishes a connection with the respective user equipment that relays messages to the network.

Abstract: A set of allowed discovery cycles is stored in a radio network access node, the set consisting of a minimum discovery cycle and integer multiples thereof and each discovery cycle defining only one interval for discovery. The access node transmits in a cell an indication of a specific discovery cycle selected from the set. The access node configures at least one user equipment in the cell with a measurement gap chosen to overlap a subframe for discovery within the one interval for discovery of a different discovery cycle of the set that is in use in a neighbor cell.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to facilitate ProSe operation. In the context of a method, a mobile terminal is camped on to a second cell that does not proximity-based services (ProSe), while in a state in which context information not stored by a network. The method also determines whether signals are received from a first cell that does support ProSe and that satisfy a predefined condition, such as a predefined strength of the signals from the first cell, a predefined reliability metric, an allowed transmit power or a time for which one or more parameters will remain effective. In an instance in which the predefined condition is satisfied, the method also includes receiving discovery messages from a mobile terminal camped in the first cell, while being camped in the second cell.

Abstract: A communications method for facilitating peer discovery, and thereby facilitating peer-to-peer communications in a mobile communications network, comprises: acquiring, by a user equipment capable of performing peer-to-peer, P2P, proximity services, a link-local interface identifier from a node of a network. The link-local interface identifier is unique within the network, and the method further comprises establishing a link-local domain with at least one other user equipment in the network at least partly on the basis of the acquired link-local interface identifier.

Abstract: Electrochemiluminescent technique and device suitable for cheap analytical and diagnostic applications, with electrodes manufactured from carbon paste and terbium chelates as labeling compounds.

Abstract: The application relates to a mobile terminal radio stack for D2D single channel (308) and a cellular uplink single channel (324). A D2D connection is a direct connection formed between a first mobile terminal and a second mobile terminal over the cellular radio spectrum. The D2D connection is a local communication link and is generally enabled for use over short distances. Because the D2D connection could be lost quite rapidly, handover (e.g. bearer establishment) of the D2D communications to traditional cellular communications e.g. Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)) may not occur in time to synchronize the multiple mobile terminals. As a result, multiple protocol data units between the mobile terminals may be lost.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided herein for enabling a D2D bearer to stay alive even in an instance in which a D2D connection is lost. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises detecting a condition that indicates that a device-to-device bearer is to be terminated. The method of this embodiment may also include modifying a cellular bearer protocol data unit header, such that the cellular bearer protocol data unit header indicates that a cellular bearer service data unit is a device-to-device protocol data unit. The method of this embodiment may also include causing one or more device-to-device protocol data units to be encapsulated within one or more cellular bearer protocol data units, such that the one or more device-to-device protocol data units are transmitted via a cellular bearer.

Abstract: Various example embodiments are disclosed. According to one example embodiment, a method may include synchronizing, by an access node in a wireless network, with a first mobile station, synchronizing with a second mobile station, compiling a device-to-device group, the device-to-device group including at least the first mobile station and the second mobile station, sending a first connection message to the first mobile station, the first connection message including timing advance parameters of both the first mobile station and the second mobile station, and sending a second connection message to the second mobile station.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus, comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code, the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following: determine a first timing associated with a first signal; detect a second timing associated with a second signal; and estimate a timing advance value based at least in part on the detected first timing and the second timing, is disclosed.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, a method comprises monitoring a bandwidth allocation of a primary device via monitoring at least one broadcast message sent from an associated base station; determining whether a secondary bandwidth is available based on the monitored bandwidth allocation of the primary device; allocating the secondary bandwidth to a secondary application on a secondary device if the secondary bandwidth becomes available; keeping track of changes in the bandwidth allocation of the primary device; and returning the secondary bandwidth to the primary device when the changes in the bandwidth allocation of the primary device indicates a need for the secondary bandwidth by the primary device.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to facilitate ProSe operation. In the context of a method, a mobile terminal is camped on to a second cell that does not proximity-based services (ProSe), while in a state in which context information not stored by a network. The method also determines whether signals are received from a first cell that does support ProSe and that satisfy a predefined condition, such as a predefined strength of the signals from the first cell, a predefined reliability metric, an allowed transmit power or a time for which one or more parameters will remain effective. In an instance in which the predefined condition is satisfied, the method also includes receiving discovery messages from a mobile terminal camped in the first cell, while being camped in the second cell.

Abstract: A method comprises communicating, by a first device, with a second device, using a device-to-device communication on licensed band, determining, by the first device, whether unlicensed band resources are available, and if the unlicensed band resources are available, initiating, by the first device, a set up of a device-to-device communication on unlicensed band.

Abstract: The present invention addresses a method, apparatus and computer program product for enabling concurrent Proximity Services and infrastructure based communication. An ability for Proximity Services application is determined, a resource of a scheduled uplink transmission, scheduled by a network, in the transmission time interval following a transmission time interval during which a discovery message for Proximity Services application has been transmitted or received is modified, wherein the resource is shortened in time, and transmission of the shortened scheduled uplink transmission is caused.

Abstract: The invention describes simple and reliable cartridge constructions for carrying out analytical procedures in a closed system, especially for carrying out bioaffinity analyses. The cartridge exploits a measuring component, or a test strip (1 in FIG. 1) and its cover (2 in FIG. 1) as well as the motion between these two components to achieve liquid flow and events which are necessary for the analysis.

Abstract: A method for local selection of a retransmitting user equipment within a cluster comprises: selecting first retransmission indication information according to a first pre-defined criterion, in response to receipt of non-acknowledgement information from at least one non-acknowledgement user equipment at which a data packet from a network node is decoded incorrectly; performing a local selection of a retransmitting user equipment within a cluster based at least in part on the first retransmission indication least one non-acknowledgement user equipment, and at least one acknowledgement user equipment at which the data packet is decoded correctly; and determining whether or not to retransmit the data packet to the at least one non-acknowledgement user equipment, based at least in part on the local selection of the retransmitting user equipment.

Abstract: The invention describes novel chemiluminescence electrode devices and their novel properties to enable achieving luminescence signal by electrical excitation by cathodic or bipolar pulses in aqueous electrolyte solutions. These devices form a significant improvement in construction of cheap and reliable means for especially diagnosis of health conditions in point-of-need purposes.

Abstract: A method, system, apparatus, and computer program can provide scheduling of direct to direct communication by a high speed packet access base station. The method, for example, can include obtaining a direct user equipment communication toggling message. The method can also include interpreting physical layer signaling on a first frequency of a first radio system based on the toggling message. The method can further include scheduling a direct user equipment pair on a second frequency of a second system based on the interpreting. The toggling message can include a triggering message to initiate direct user equipment communication or an exit message to terminate direct user equipment communication.

Abstract: A method of operating a network control apparatus in which the network control apparatus is wirelessly connected to at least one wireless device. In the method, the network control apparatus indicates a device-to-device timing advance value to said wireless device. The device-to-device timing advance value is for use by the wireless device in scheduling the transmission of a device-to-device signal to a second wireless device.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program for providing an indication of network capability or providing data routing. An example method for use in a user equipment may comprise receiving an indication comprising a cell identification (ID) list that includes one or more cell IDs with which a local routing path is capable of being established, determining, with a processor, whether a cell ID of a second UE is on the cell ID list, a cell of the second STA having been identified, and in an instance in which the cell ID of the second STA is on the cell ID list, causing an indication for establishment of the local routing path for communication, the local routing path being between a first cell, the first cell serving the UE, and a second cell, the second cell serving the second UE, and communication being between the UE and the second UE.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) has established a first radio link with a serving network node and a second device-to-device (D2D) radio link directly with another user equipment (UE). In response to having D2D data to send to the other UE over the D2D radio link, the UE sends to the serving network node on the first link a request for radio resources for a layer 1 (L1) control channel; and in response to an assignment of D2D resources by the serving network node in reply to that request, the UE sends on the assigned D2D resources to the other UE the D2D data and the L1 control channel. In one example the request includes an indication of the UE's link adaptation for the L1 control channel such as format for a PDCCH or ePDCCH and/or aggregation level.