Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: obtaining, on a basis of one or more physical stimuli generated endogenously in the electric power grid, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid, the physical stimuli belonging to nominal or near-nominal operation of the electric power grid and generating at least one of voltage fluctuation and current fluctuation that exceeds at least one threshold; computing a grid strength of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the grid strength to a grid strength of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: obtaining, on a basis of one or more physical stimuli generated endogenously in the electric power grid, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid, the physical stimuli belonging to nominal or near-nominal operation of the electric power grid and generating at least one of voltage fluctuation and current fluctuation that exceeds at least one threshold; computing a grid strength of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the grid strength to a grid strength of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: Methods, computer software and apparatus for use in an electric power grid are described. Measurement data is received intermittently or continuously from a plurality of measurement units, indicating values of at least one measured characteristic at respective measurement locations. The at least one is characteristic is monitored, and it is determined, based on the monitoring, that there has been a change in electric power flow in the electric power grid. Responsive to the determination, component data is accessed relating to characteristics of components of the electric power grid involved in provision and/or consumption of electric power. Based on received measurement data relating to the change and the accessed component data, a power flow characteristic of the grid in a given time period is determined.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: detecting one or more physical stimuli in the electric power grid; obtaining, while the one or more physical stimuli is effective, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid; computing operational information such as a fault level of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the operational information to corresponding operational information of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining an inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of an electric power grid are described. First data is determined. The first data represents a signal comprising a first variation in the grid frequency over a period of time, the signal resulting from a second variation, the second variation being a variation in provision of electric power to and/or consumption of electric power from the grid, the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band. Second data is determined. The second data is representative of the second variation on a second frequency band, the second frequency band being substantially the same as the first frequency band. An inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of the electric power grid is determined based on the first data and the second data.

Abstract: Methods, and apparatus for determining a characteristic of an inertial contribution to an electrical power grid are described. A change in inertia in the electrical power grid based on one or more inertia measurements performed in a first time period is determined. On the basis of the determined change in inertia and data indicative of an inertia contribution characteristic of one or more energy production facilities and/or one or more energy consuming devices in the electric power grid, a characteristic of an inertial contribution to the electrical power grid is determined for a second time period different to the first time period.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for a method of monitoring an electric power grid. According to an aspect, a method comprises: detecting one or more physical stimuli in the electric power grid; obtaining, while the one or more physical stimuli is effective, a first set of measurement data associated with a first location of the electric power grid; computing operational information such as a fault level of the first location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data; mapping the operational information to corresponding operational information of a second location of the electric power grid on the basis of the first set of measurement data and correlation between electrical characteristics of the first location and the second location.

Abstract: Methods, and apparatus for determining a characteristic of an inertial contribution to an electrical power grid are described. A change in inertia in the electrical power grid based on one or more inertia measurements performed in a first time period is determined. On the basis of the determined change in inertia and data indicative of an inertia contribution characteristic of one or more energy production facilities and/or one or more energy consuming devices in the electric power grid, a characteristic of an inertial contribution to the electrical power grid is determined for a second time period different to the first time period.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for determining an inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of an electric power grid are described. First data is determined. The first data represents a signal comprising a first variation in the grid frequency over a period of time, the signal resulting from a second variation, the second variation being a variation in provision of electric power to and/or consumption of electric power from the grid, the signal having been filtered according to a first filter defining a first frequency band to at least attenuate frequencies outside of the first frequency band. Second data is determined. The second data is representative of the second variation on a second frequency band, the second frequency band being substantially the same as the first frequency band. An inertia characteristic of a synchronous area of the electric power grid is determined based on the first data and the second data.

Abstract: Methods, computer software and apparatus for use in an electric power grid are described. Measurement data is received intermittently or continuously from a plurality of measurement units, indicating values of at least one measured characteristic at respective measurement locations. The at least one is characteristic is monitored, and it is determined, based on the monitoring, that there has been a change in electric power flow in the electric power grid. Responsive to the determination, component data is accessed relating to characteristics of components of the electric power grid involved in provision and/or consumption of electric power. Based on received measurement data relating to the change and the accessed component data, a power flow characteristic of the grid in a given time period is determined.

Abstract: A method for preparing controllably biodegradable silica fibres which includes spinning the fibres from a silica sol of controlled viscosity, controllably biodegradable silica fibres prepared according to the method, methods for controlling the biodegradability of the fibres, the use of controllably biodegradable fibres as sustained and/or controlled release delivery devices for biologically active agents, and pharmaceutical preparations containing such devices.

Abstract: An implant containing a source of oxygen capable of releasing oxygen in the form of molecular oxygen or reactive oxygen species, and a material selected from the group consisting of biodegradable and/or bioactive glass, sol-gel produced silica and mixtures thereof. Also disclosed are uses of the implant and methods of making it.

Abstract: A method for improving soft tissue attachment which includes the steps of coating a surface of a material, to which surface soft tissue is to be attached, with a coating rich in TiO2 and/or SiO2, and applying the coating where soft tissue attachment is desired. An implant in which a surface or surfaces of the implant intended to be attached to soft tissue are coated with a porous coating rich in TiO2 and/or SiO2, and the use of a porous surface coating rich in TiO2, SiO2, or TiO2 and SiO2, for the manufacture of an implant for soft tissue attachment are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving soft tissue attachment comprising the steps of coating a surface of a material, to which surface soft tissue is to be attached, with a coating rich in TiO2 and/or SiO2, and applying said coating wherein soft tissue attachment is desired. The invention further relates to an implant wherein a surface or surfaces of said implant intended to be attached to soft tissue are coated with a porous coating rich in TiO2 and/or SiO2. The invention also relates to the use of a porous surface coating rich in TiO2, SiO2, or TiO2 and SiO2, for the manufacture of an implant for soft tissue attachment to said coating.

Abstract: A method for at least partially treating biologically active sols, gels, mixtures or composites of sols and gels, and/or sol-gel derived materials, the sols, gels, mixtures or composites of sols and gels, and/or sol-gel derived materials having OH-groups and being at least partially amorphous, the treatment being performed with a localised electromagnetic and/or acoustic energy. A method for coating a device with biologically active sols, gels, mixtures or composites of sols and gels, and/or sol-gel derived materials and a method for modifying the biological activity of biologically active sols, gels, mixtures or composites of sols and gels, and/or sol-gel derived materials are also disclosed. Both methods include treatment with localised electromagnetic and/or acoustic energy. Also disclosed is the use of the method to fabricate different devices and to attach at least two devices.

Abstract: This invention relates to bioactive sol-gel derived silica fibers, methods for their preparation, an implantable device comprising said fibers and the use of said device for tissue guiding or bone repair.

Abstract: This invention relates to bioactive sol-gel derived silica fibers, methods for their preparation, an implantable device comprising the fibers and the use of the device for tissue guiding or bone repair.

Abstract: This invention relates to bioactive sol-gel derived silica fibers, methods for their preparation, an implantable device comprising said fibers and the use of said device for tissue guiding or bone repair.