Abstract: A system and method for providing power to the gates of a semiconductor chip routes power and ground from one layer of the chip to another layer of the chip using a first metal strip located at a first metal layer and a second metal strip located at a second metal layer, wherein the second metal layer is not directly adjacent to the first metal layer. A stacked via is used to connect the first metal strip to the second metal strip. The stacked via may comprise, for example, a first via connecting the first metal strip to an intermediate metal strip and a second via connecting the intermediate metal strip to the second metal strip. Alternatively, the stacked via may comprise a plurality of vias connecting the first metal strip to the intermediate metal strip and a plurality of vias connecting the intermediate metal strip to the second metal strip.

Abstract: A method of invalidating a line in a designated cache in each level of a multiple level, multiple cache memory system. Each line of the cache memory system includes a tag field, a data field, and a bit indicative of the validity of the line. The method provides a software invalidate instruction which bypasses any address translation mechanism. Included in the software invalidate instruction is a first field to identify within which multiple cache the line is to be avoided. A target address is generated to index each level of the cache memory system. The state of the bit is changed in accordance with the address and the invalidate instruction.

Abstract: A two-level cache memory system for use in a computer system including two primary cache memories, one for storing instruction and one for storing data. The system also includes a secondary cache memory for storing both instructions and data. The primary and secondary caches each employ their own separate tag directory. The primary caches use a virtual addressing scheme employing both virtual tags and virtual addresses. The secondary cache employs a hybrid addressing scheme which uses virtual tags and partial physical addresses. The primary and secondary caches operate in parallel unless the larger and slower secondary cache is busy performing a previous operation. Only if a "miss" is encountered in both the primary and secondary caches does the system processor access the main memory.

Abstract: A two-level cache memory system for use in a computer system including two primary cache memories, one for storing instructions and one for storing data. The system also includes a secondary cache memory for storing both instructions and data. The primary and secondary caches each employ their own separate tag directory. The primary caches use a virtual addressing scheme employing both virtual tags and virtual addresses. The secondary cache employs a hybrid addressing scheme which uses virtual tags and partial physical addresses. The primary and secondary caches operate in parallel unless the larger and slower secondary cache is busy performing a previous operation. Only if a "miss" is encountered in both the primary and secondary caches does the system processor access the main memory.