Abstract: The user is enabled to move smoothly between viewing an entire document in a word by word display, through views that display only elements of increasing landmark value, to an overview of the document in a single display window. A document is parsed into a hierarchy, of which each node at every level (from chapter to sentence, clause or long word) has a display state (invisible, tokenized or open) for the way it is shown as part of an expandable view of the document. The contents opted for display within a tokenized view may be prioritized according to a system of landmark values. The view is modified by user input using an explicit data structure of nodes and states within the device controlling the display, or by structuring in another system the underlying logic of the arrangement of code that is acted upon by a web browser.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a system and method for simultaneously reporting changes in location and orientation of an object moving over a planar surface and forming part of a computer input device, interoperably with a conventional mouse where reporting only location is in question. Further the present invention provides improved ways of user interaction with computer displays of two and three dimensional data and structures.

Abstract: An assembly for measuring in vivo biomechanical properties of skin, comprising a testing device, said testing device comprising; a first pad attachable to the skin a second pad attachable to the skin, at a known distance from the first pad; said attachability of the pads to the skin to prevent relative movement between the respective pad and the skin to which it is attached; a forcing means for applying a force to the first pad, whilst said pads are attached to the skin, along a first axis connecting the first and second pad, to induce a corresponding relative movement between the pads due to deformation of the skin between said pads; a force measurement device for measuring the applied force, and; a displacement measurement device for measuring the corresponding induced movement.

Abstract: A set of versions of a file, with one chosen as baseline version, is displayed as a single flow of material where all agree with the baseline and in separate difference columns where they do not. A current version may be edited either directly or by adoption of material from different versions, which may be toggled in and out of visibility. Sequential undo (step-wise or by a slider) can be localized to chosen subsets of the current version, and any chosen subset can be restored as a unit to an earlier state.

Abstract: Known time reversal methods consist of three steps which may be listed as (i) the recording of signals and (ii) the time reversing of the recorded signals, and (iii) the transmission of the time-reversed signals. The first and third steps of the above process are retained, but the second step is modified. The empirical signal is transformed to fit mathematical forms taught by the mathematics of singularity and catastrophe theory that ensure a structural stability to the waveforms that will be received, when the time reversed signals are transmitted again. This structural stability ensures robustness of the waveform and the predominant direction of the flux of energy of the waveform, and improves controllability of the location of the high magnitude regions of the energy flux despite limited knowledge of the exact properties of the medium. Applications to drug delivery in the brain, and geophysical applications are envisaged.

Abstract: A method and system for mapping anatomical connection and signaling across a multiplicity of channels, channel contents, and channel speed. In particular, the anatomical connection and signaling is mapped in relation to the human brain. Constructs a three-dimensional, dynamically structured, active model, for general or individual patterns. Uses for the present invention include: risk reduction in surgery to significant channels; planning cell insertion at sites where they can be expected to migrate to a less reachable target site; guiding searches for metastatic tumors; indirectly localizing brain structures; constructing models of disease in which multiple sites are involved in the deficit and any proposed repair; and building simulation of normal processes which require the sequential interaction of multiple sites.

Abstract: A contents display and search system for navigating and searching and exploring a collection of objects includes a database of Attributes; each of the Attributes being associated with one or more objects, and a database of Kinds, each Kind being associated with one or more Attributes. When a user enters a search query including at least one Attribute, an object is tested to determine whether it has Attributes of the Kind corresponding to the Kind of the at least one specified Attribute before function testing is performed. Search and contents investigation results are presented in a hierarchical format in which Kinds and Attributes rather than objects, are displayed until the search or content type is further specified by selecting additional Kinds and/or Attributes such that the number of objects satisfying the specified search is below a threshold. User interaction modifies the hierarchical order of Kinds and Attributes in the display.

Abstract: An imaging system comprising an image capture apparatus, arranged to capture a stereoscopic image of an operator work site, in communication with a display system; the display system arranged to receive and display said stereoscopic image on a display screen to said operator; wherein said display system is arranged such that the display screen is placed intermediate the operator's eyes and the work site.

Abstract: A contents display and search system for navigating and searching and exploring a collection of objects includes a database of Attributes; each of the Attributes being associated with one or more objects, and a database of Kinds, each Kind being associated with one or more Attributes. When a user enters a search query including at least one Attribute, an object is tested to determine whether it has Attributes of the Kind corresponding to the Kind of the at least one specified Attribute before function testing is performed. Search and contents investigation results are presented in a hierarchical format in which Kinds and Attributes rather than objects, are displayed until the search or content type is further specified by selecting additional Kinds and/or Attributes such that the number of objects satisfying the specified search is below a threshold. User interaction modifies the hierarchical order of Kinds and Attributes in the display.

Abstract: The invention enables a user to create a saved Version of a file which gives (besides the usual content access and format specifications) information in a Wrapper which permits it to be transferred while maintaining a provenance relationship with other files and cryptographic relation with a server. Data in the Wrapper may include content location, Collaboration identity, provenance data, a site location for provenance data, data concerning necessary harmonisation, cryptographic or password data, data enabling the recipient to join a web service supporting the Collaboration, and other such data enabling web-supported interaction with the content. Upon opening the Version the user sees and can modify or re-transmit the content in a display that makes use of the Wrapper information to enable and organize access to the content, to the provenance information and related files, or other web-enabled interaction with the content and the Collaboration.

Abstract: We construct a systematic scheme of information concerning provenance among digital objects, make this information available to the user, and use it to modify the effect of user's actions. Such relationships are derived by comparison of elements in the files or by making records when creating them. This information may be displayed by a view of a descent tree, a flow diagram, or internal markup of a combined view of object content. The provenance structure enables selection of related subsets for search, constraints on search such as ‘root occurrence’ or ‘unmerged occurrences’, and selection of appropriate objects to merge or respond to. It defines the active set of objects for any chosen time, enabling a display of commonality and difference among versions at any stage of a project involving one or more collaborators, with or without one of them having final authority over the suggestions of the others.

Abstract: A user connected to a first service mounted on a remote server is enabled to connect to a second service, on the same or another server, without new steps required for log-in, and optionally including the passing of parameters from the first to the second service that enable the second service to open in a manner appropriate to the state of the user's interaction with the first service at the moment of requesting the connection. In the case of the second service being provided from a second server, authentication is provided by means of an authentication broker, which provides a token that the operating system of the user's computer is induced (via its normal response to received messages) to embed in a request for service to the second server, which verifies the token by an exchange with the broker. In either case, once the connection with the second server is achieved, later repeated access may be enabled without the user having to go through the procedure required to enable such access from scratch.

Abstract: A set of versions of a file, with one chosen as baseline version, is displayed as a single flow of material where all agree with the baseline and in separate difference columns where they do not. A current version may be edited either directly or by adoption of material from different versions, which may be toggled in and out of visibility. Sequential undo (step-wise or by a slider) can be localized to chosen subsets of the current version, and any chosen subset can be restored as a unit to an earlier state.

Abstract: A current registered member of a web site is enabled to send a message to a person not currently a member, containing a link to a newly created membership page for that person, to which access may be confirmed by only the entry of a password, rather than a multi-step registration process, or may be extended by the use of a cookies or the mailing of repeated single-use keys. The new membership includes the ordinary privileges of a non-paying member of the site, together with access to site aspects specific to the inviter and the creation of the invitation, such as but not limited to folders created by the inviter, documents or other files uploaded by the inviter, blogs or postings by the inviter, alerts as to future events initiated by the inviter, information about purchasable items recommended by the inviter, free access to documents or other viewable entities for which the inviter has purchased access, or a family tree presented from the viewpoint of the invitee.

Abstract: An assembly for measuring in vivo biomechanical properties of skin, comprising a testing device, said testing device comprising; a first pad attachable to the skin a second pad attachable to the skin, at a known distance from the first pad; said attachability of the pads to the skin to prevent relative movement between the respective pad and the skin to which it is attached; a forcing means for applying a force to the first pad, whilst said pads are attached to the skin, along a first axis connecting the first and second pad, to induce a corresponding relative movement between the pads due to deformation of the skin between said pads; a force measurement device for measuring the applied force, and; a displacement measurement device for measuring the corresponding induced movement.

Abstract: Comparison of versions of a document reveals both their descent tree and the details of their differences. The descent tree directs the attention of a collaborative author to particular versions and permits leaving the rest in an archive, while appropriate display of the detailed differences simplifies the multi-source editing process. In our preferred embodiment, this is delivered as a web-based service.

Abstract: The user is enabled to move smoothly between viewing an entire document in a word by word display, through views that display only elements of increasing landmark value, to an overview of the document in a single display window. A document is parsed into a hierarchy, of which each node at every level (from chapter to sentence, clause or long word) has a display state (invisible, tokenized or open) for the way it is shown as part of an expandable view of the document. The contents opted for display within a tokenized view may be prioiritized according to a system of landmark values. The view is modified by user input using an explicit data structure of nodes and states within the device controlling the display, or by structuring in another system the underlying logic of the arrangement of code that is acted upon by a web browser. The section hierarchy may be explicitly coded in the document format, or reconstructed from typographical evidence.

Abstract: A moving image is aligned with a fixed image by an initial gross alignment, followed by identification of particular regions or blobs in the moving image. The blobs may be selected based upon particular features in regions of the image, such as anatomical features in a medical image. Blob matching is performed between the selected blobs and the fixed image, and transforms are developed for displacement of the matched blobs. Certain blobs may be dropped from the selection to enhance performance. Individual transformations for individual pixels or voxels in the moving image are then interpolated from the transforms for the blobs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a system and method for simultaneously reporting changes in location and orientation of an object moving over a planar surface and forming part of a computer input device, interoperably with a conventional mouse where reporting only location is in question. Further the present invention provides improved ways of user interaction with computer displays of two and three dimensional data and structures.

Abstract: A method supplies a dynamic vector map of properties within a region or a unified suite of quantification functionality for property functions, such as density functions, conduction functions (e.g., thermal conduction, electrical conduction, atomic or subatomic mass conduction, macromolecular mass conduction), defined on, defined in or defining a three-dimensional space, which functions may optionally vary in time.