Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: A binocular vision analyzer apparatus is used for determining a prescription of visual aids for the eyes of an individual. The apparatus includes first and second targets respectively corresponding to the first and second eyes of the individual and at least one illuminator unit for illuminating the targets. An optical system is configured to present respective virtual images of the first and second targets so as to be viewable by the respective first and second eyes. At least one beam splitter disposed in front of the first and second eyes directs the virtual images toward the respective eyes. The apparatus also includes first and second spherical correction devices and first and second cylindrical correction devices that respectively correspond to the first and second eyes.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: A method for determining the axial length of an eye by optical coherence tomography (OCT), in which the alignment of the measuring instrument to the eye is monitored to enable reliable determination of the axial length of the eye. B-scans are carried out following alignment from which scans of the retinal tissue structures are detected to determine the axial lengths, which are then used in the detection of the fovea in order to monitor alignment. The axial lengths determined from the B-scans are then confirmed or corrected and output depending, on the determined position of the fovea or the lateral distance thereof from the optical axis of the measuring instrument. The method is particularly suitable for OCT methods in which the axial length is determined on the basis of an A-scan along the axial dimension of the eye.

Abstract: A device for determining biometric variables of the eye, as are incorporated in the calculation of intraocular lenses including a multi-point keratometer and an OCT arrangement. The keratometer measurement points are illuminated telecentrically and detected telecentrically and the OCT arrangement is designed as a laterally scanning swept-source system with a detection region detecting the whole eye over the whole axial length thereof. The multi-point keratometer ensures that a sufficient number of keratometer points are available for measuring the corneal surface. By contrast, telecentricity ensures that the positioning inadequacies of the measuring instrument in relation to the eye to be measured do not lead to a local mismatch of the reflection points. The swept-source OCT scan detects the whole eye over the length thereof so that both anterior chamber structures and retina structures can be detected and a consistent whole eye image can be realized.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: A device for determining biometric variables of the eye, as are incorporated in the calculation of intraocular lenses including a multi-point keratometer and an OCT arrangement. The keratometer measurement points are illuminated telecentrically and detected telecentrically and the OCT arrangement is designed as a laterally scanning swept-source system with a detection region detecting the whole eye over the whole axial length thereof. The multi-point keratometer ensures that a sufficient number of keratometer points are available for measuring the corneal surface. By contrast, telecentricity ensures that the positioning inadequacies of the measuring instrument in relation to the eye to be measured do not lead to a local mismatch of the reflection points. The swept-source OCT scan detects the whole eye over the length thereof so that both anterior chamber structures and retina structures can be detected and a consistent whole eye image can be realized.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration. The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.

Abstract: A method for selecting an intraocular lens (IOL) to be implanted into an eye, in which the selection is based on a non-paraxial approach. In a ray tracing method for selecting an intraocular lens to be implanted into an eye with a simplified, centered optical system, in addition to the preoperatively measured biometric values, the effective lens position of the corresponding eye and the optical transfer function of the IOLs are used, which are calculated for a standardized distance behind the equatorial plane of the IOL. The method may be used to select an intraocular lens to be implanted into an eye and is equally suitable for spherical, aspherical, toric and multifocal IOLs.

Abstract: A method for selecting an intraocular lens (IOL), to optimize the results of refractive procedures on the eye. According to the invention, the method for selecting the IOL includes: a) determining the required biometrical parameters of the eye; b) using the parameters for a corresponding eye model; c) evaluating, using ray tracing, the data of an IOL to be implanted; d) selecting, on the basis of said data, an IOL to be implanted; and e) repeating the method steps c) and d) for further suitable IOLs. To optimize the method, different measuring methods are used to determine the biometrical parameters, a corresponding patient-specific eye model is identified, and, when selecting the IOL, additional retinal image metrics are taken into consideration alongside the determined data. The method according to the invention permits the optimized selection of a spherical, aspheric, toric or multifocal IOL for implantation.

Abstract: A pair of multifocal contact lenses, each including an optical zone portion and a stabilization zone portion. The optical zone portion has a distance prescription zone and a near prescription zone. The near prescription zone has a near vision add power appropriate to reduce accommodative effort to substantially zero for a selected working distance and convergence support having base-in prism combined between the pair of multifocal lenses appropriate to reduce convergence effort to substantially zero for the selected working distance. The stabilization zone portion is structured to maintain orientation of the pair of lenses with a base of the base in prism directed substantially nasally.

Abstract: A method for calculating the values of an intraocular lens to be implanted, wherein the results of numerous cataract operations are taken into account in the calculation for intraocular lenses to be implanted in the future. At least the corneal topography, the length of the eye and the depth of the anterior chamber are determined pre-operatively, the values of the IOL to be implanted are calculated by means of ray-tracing, and at least the corneal topography, the length of the eye, the depth of the anterior chamber and the objective, wavefront-based residual refraction are determined post-operatively. The measurement values determined pre-operatively and post-operatively are used to optimize the surgically-induced astigmatism and the post-operative anatomical lens position for calculating the values of IOLs to be implanted in the future.

Abstract: A method for the preoperative selection of an intraocular lens to optimise the results of refractive surgery on the eye. On the basis of an eye model comprising the individual biometric parameters of the eye, potentially suitable IOLs are selected on the basis of their optical parameters such as optical power, asphericity and toricity, and the residual refraction of potentially suitable IOLs is calculated using ray tracing. Various metrics, preferably retinal image metrics, are used to calculate the residual refraction and in order to improve the selection, at least one additional parameter is taken into consideration for the calculation, said calculation taking the postoperative effects of the selected IOL and/or of the surgical technique used into account.

Abstract: A method for determining the axial length of an eye by optical coherence tomography (OCT), in which the alignment of the measuring instrument to the eye is monitored to enable reliable determination of the axial length of the eye. B-scans are carried out following alignment from which scans of the retinal tissue structures are detected to determine the axial lengths, which are then used in the detection of the fovea in order to monitor alignment. The axial lengths determined from the B-scans are then confirmed or corrected and output depending, on the determined position of the fovea or the lateral distance thereof from the optical axis of the measuring instrument. The method is particularly suitable for OCT methods in which the axial length is determined on the basis of an A-scan along the axial dimension of the eye.

Abstract: A device for determining biometric variables of the eye, as are incorporated in the calculation of intraocular lenses including a multi-point keratometer and an OCT arrangement. The keratometer measurement points are illuminated telecentrically and detected telecentrically and the OCT arrangement is designed as a laterally scanning swept-source system with a detection region detecting the whole eye over the whole axial length thereof. The multi-point keratometer ensures that a sufficient number of keratometer points are available for measuring the corneal surface. By contrast, telecentricity ensures that the positioning inadequacies of the measuring instrument in relation to the eye to be measured do not lead to a local mismatch of the reflection points. The swept-source OCT scan detects the whole eye over the length thereof so that both anterior chamber structures and retina structures can be detected and a consistent whole eye image can be realized.

Abstract: A system for determining the surface shape of the cornea of an eye by analyzing the reflection of a spatially distributed ring pattern. The system includes an element for generating a ring pattern, an illuminating unit, an image capturing unit, and a control and analyzing unit. The element for generating rings is a fresneled axicon with annular structures of different radii. Furthermore, an optical element for illuminating the entire surface of the fresneled axicon with plane waves and an optical element for separating the illuminating and detecting beam path are arranged between the illuminating unit and the fresneled axicon. Furthermore, the image capturing unit consisting of an imaging system and an image sensor is designed for a telecentric distance-independent image detection.

Abstract: A pair of multifocal contact lenses, each including an optical zone portion and a stabilization zone portion. The optical zone portion has a distance prescription zone and a near prescription zone. The near prescription zone has a near vision add power appropriate to reduce accommodative effort to substantially zero for a selected working distance and convergence support having base-in prism combined between the pair of multifocal lenses appropriate to reduce convergence effort to substantially zero for the selected working distance. The stabilization zone portion is structured to maintain orientation of the pair of lenses with a base of the base in prism directed substantially nasally.

Abstract: A method for calculating the values of an intraocular lens to be implanted, wherein the results of numerous cataract operations are taken into account in the calculation for intraocular lenses to be implanted in the future. At least the corneal topography, the length of the eye and the depth of the anterior chamber are determined pre-operatively, the values of the IOL to be implanted are calculated by means of ray-tracing, and at least the corneal topography, the length of the eye, the depth of the anterior chamber and the objective, wavefront-based residual refraction are determined post-operatively. The measurement values determined pre-operatively and post-operatively are used to optimize the surgically-induced astigmatism and the post-operative anatomical lens position for calculating the values of IOLs to be implanted in the future.

Abstract: A method for the preoperative selection of an intraocular lens to optimise the results of refractive surgery on the eye. On the basis of an eye model comprising the individual biometric parameters of the eye, potentially suitable IOLs are selected on the basis of their optical parameters such as optical power, asphericity and toricity, and the residual refraction of potentially suitable IOLs is calculated using ray tracing. Various metrics, preferably retinal image metrics, are used to calculate the residual refraction and in order to improve the selection, at least one additional parameter is taken into consideration for the calculation, said calculation taking the postoperative effects of the selected IOL and/or of the surgical technique used into account.

Abstract: Postoperative lens position is predicted on the basis of known measured values, such as the corneal thickness, the depth of the anterior chamber, the eye length, and the distances of the capsular bag equator and/or of the lens haptic from the anterior surface of the lens. In addition, the calculation also takes into account the attitude of the intraocular lens, for which purpose additional parameters of the pseudophakic eye are used that have not previously been taken into consideration.; The proposed method is suitable for a more exact prediction of the strength and nature of an intraocular lens to be implanted in a pseudophakic eye in the context of cataract surgery or of a refractive intervention. The method is based on the use of suitable calculation methods, e.g. geometric optical formulae, or of ray tracing.