Abstract: A flat filter element for filtering a fluid may include a filter body made up of a folded filter material. The filter element may also include a circumferential edge and a side edge running in a circumferential direction along the circumferential edge. The side edge may have at least one strip portion, running along the side edge, with a side strip that may be separate from the filter body and arranged on the filter body. The side edge may also have at least one adhesive portion running along the side edge for sealing the filter body. The at least one adhesive portion may be formed by gluing of least two folds, adjacent along the side edge, in a region of the side edge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water-soluble modified lignins preparable by enzymatic reaction of at least one water-insoluble lignin with at least one organic compound which possesses at least one group selected from primary or secondary amino group, hydroxyl group and phenyl group and has an average molecular weight in the range from 75 to 2500 g/mol. The water-soluble modified lignins are preparable under mild conditions in a simple process. They can be used as dispersants for mineral binder compositions, where they act as plasticizers and in so doing prolong the setting time to much less of an extent than the water-insoluble lignins used in their preparation.

Abstract: A flat filter element for filtering a fluid may include a filter body made up of a folded filter material. The filter element may also include a circumferential edge and a side edge running in a circumferential direction along the circumferential edge. The side edge may have at least one strip portion, running along the side edge, with a side strip that may be separate from the filter body and arranged on the filter body. The side edge may also have at least one adhesive portion running along the side edge for sealing the filter body. The at least one adhesive portion may be formed by gluing of least two folds, adjacent along the side edge, in a region of the side edge.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water-soluble modified lignins preparable by enzymatic reaction of at least one water-insoluble lignin with at least one organic compound which possesses at least one group selected from primary or secondary amino group, hydroxyl group and phenyl group and has an average molecular weight in the range from 75 to 2500 g/mol. The water-soluble modified lignins are preparable under mild conditions in a simple process. They can be used as dispersants for mineral binder compositions, where they act as plasticizers and in so doing prolong the setting time to much less of an extent than the water-insoluble lignins used in their preparation.