Abstract: A lower olefin producing catalyst which has high olefin production efficiency and maintains its activity for a long period of time when lower olefins are produced from an oxygen-containing compound, which is a solid catalyst used in producing lower olefins from an oxygen-containing compound, includes a solid-state catalyst component containing an MFI-type zeolite, in which, at a position where the shortest distance to the outer surface is maximum among all positions inside a structure of the solid catalyst, the thickness defined as a distance twice the shortest distance from the point to the outer surface is in a range of from 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and a method for producing lower olefins.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process of producing propylene by contacting ethylene with a catalyst, where propylene is produced with high selectivity. The present invention relates to a production process of propylene, comprising contacting ethylene with a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a zeolite as an active ingredient and an acid content in the outer surface of the zeolite is 5 % or less based on an acid content of the entire zeolite.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a catalyst, which comprises regenerating a catalyst comprising a CHA zeolite as an active ingredient and having an ethylene conversion lowered through reaction of producing propylene by bringing into contact with ethylene in a vapor phase, by bringing the catalyst into contact with a gas which does not comprise oxygen and comprises hydrogen having a hydrogen partial pressure of 0.01 MPa or more as an absolute pressure thereof.

Abstract: In order to provide a redundancy configuration to an access gateway apparatus in which a control plane and a user plane are separated, the access gateway apparatus includes: a control computer for receiving control signals from the networks to establish the communication path, thereby determining packet transfer information for the data; and a transfer computer for receiving the packet transfer information from the control computer to transfer the data through the communication path. The transfer computer includes: a plurality of first transfer computers for executing the transfer of the data; and a second transfer computer for taking over, when a fault occurs in any one of the plurality of first transfer computers. The control computer includes: a first control computer for processing the control signals received from the networks; and a second control computer for taking over, when a fault occurs in the first control computer.

Abstract: In order to provide a redundancy configuration to an access gateway apparatus in which a control plane and a user plane are separated, the access gateway apparatus includes: a control computer for receiving control signals from the networks to establish the communication path, thereby determining packet transfer information for the data; and a transfer computer for receiving the packet transfer information from the control computer to transfer the data through the communication path. The transfer computer includes: a plurality of first transfer computers for executing the transfer of the data; and a second transfer computer for taking over, when a fault occurs in any one of the plurality of first transfer computers. The control computer includes: a first control computer for processing the control signals received from the networks; and a second control computer for taking over, when a fault occurs in the first control computer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a catalyst, which comprises regenerating a catalyst comprising a zeolite as an active ingredient and having an ethylene conversion lowered through reaction of producing propylene by bringing into contact with ethylene in a vapor phase, by bringing the catalyst into contact with a gas which does not comprise oxygen and comprises hydrogen having a hydrogen partial pressure of 0.01 MPa or more as an absolute pressure thereof.

Abstract: There are provided a catalyst for manufacturing propylene, which can keep stable activity for a prolonged period of time in manufacturing propylene by bringing an oxygen-containing compound into contact with the catalyst in the presence of an olefin having 4 or more carbon atoms, and a method for manufacturing propylene using this catalyst for manufacturing propylene.

Abstract: A lower olefin producing catalyst which has high olefin production efficiency and maintains its activity for a long period of time when lower olefins are produced from an oxygen-containing compound, which is a solid catalyst used in producing lower olefins from an oxygen-containing compound, includes a solid-state catalyst component containing an MFI-type zeolite, in which, at a position where the shortest distance to the outer surface is maximum among all positions inside a structure of the solid catalyst, the thickness defined as a distance twice the shortest distance from the point to the outer surface is in a range of from 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and a method for producing lower olefins.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a process of producing propylene by contacting ethylene with a catalyst, where propylene is produced with high selectivity. The present invention relates to a production process of propylene, comprising contacting ethylene with a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a zeolite as an active ingredient and an acid content in the outer surface of the zeolite is 5% or less based on an acid content of the entire zeolite.

Abstract: Disclosed here is an integrated application system for enabling a new application to be added and a user to select an optional application easily. The integrated application system includes a plurality of clients for receiving services from a plurality of application servers for supplying a plurality of services and a management apparatus for controlling services supplied by the application servers to the clients according to an integrated service starting request from any of clients. Each of the clients includes a client management unit for controlling participation of a plurality of application clients corresponding to a plurality of services in an integrated service.

Abstract: Disclosed here is an integrated application system for enabling a new application to be added and a user to select an optional application easily. The integrated application system includes a plurality of clients for receiving services from a plurality of application servers for supplying a plurality of services and a management apparatus for controlling services supplied by the application servers to the clients according to an integrated service starting request from any of clients. Each of the clients includes a client management unit for controlling participation of a plurality of application clients corresponding to a plurality of services in an integrated service.

Abstract: In order to provide a redundancy configuration to an access gateway apparatus in which a control plane and a user plane are separated, the access gateway apparatus includes: a control computer for receiving control signals from the networks to establish the communication path, thereby determining packet transfer information for the data; and a transfer computer for receiving the packet transfer information from the control computer to transfer the data through the communication path. The transfer computer includes: a plurality of first transfer computers for executing the transfer of the data; and a second transfer computer for taking over, when a fault occurs in any one of the plurality of first transfer computers. The control computer includes: a first control computer for processing the control signals received from the networks; and a second control computer for taking over, when a fault occurs in the first control computer.

Abstract: Propylene is prepared by a process for producing propylene, comprising: contacting a reaction mixture of ethylene and methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a catalyst while controlling the amount of ethylene that is discharged from the reaction system to a reduced level in comparison to the amount of ethylene that is being fed into the reaction system, and while controlling the yield of propylene to at least 40 mol %, based on the sum of the number of moles of methanol and two times the number of moles of dimethyl ether, which are being fed into the reaction system.

Abstract: Propylene is prepared by a process for producing propylene, comprising: contacting a reaction mixture of ethylene and methanol and/or dimethyl ether in the presence of a catalyst while controlling the amount of ethylene that is discharged from the reaction system to a reduced level in comparison to the amount of ethylene that is being fed into the reaction system, and while controlling the yield of propylene to at least 40 mol %, based on the sum of the number of moles of methanol and two times the number of moles of dimethyl ether, which are being fed into the reaction system.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polyether polyol which is little colored and has a high degree of polymerization in high yield by a dehydration-condensation of a polyol. In the present invention, a dehydration-condensation reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composed of an acid and a base.

Abstract: Disclosed here is an integrated application system for enabling a new application to be added and a user to select an optional application easily. The integrated application system includes a plurality of clients for receiving services from a plurality of application servers for supplying a plurality of services and a management apparatus for controlling services supplied by the application servers to the clients according to an integrated service starting request from any of clients. Each of the clients includes a client management unit for controlling participation of a plurality of application clients corresponding to a plurality of services in an integrated service.

Abstract: Disclosed here is an integrated application system for enabling a new application to be added and a user to select an optional application easily. The integrated application system includes a plurality of clients for receiving services from a plurality of application servers for supplying a plurality of services and a management apparatus for controlling services supplied by the application servers to the clients according to an integrated service starting request from any of clients. Each of the clients includes a client management unit for controlling participation of a plurality of application clients corresponding to a plurality of services in an integrated service.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a communication network system that reduces the burden of entering settings for the network system. A service directory server in the communication network system provides unified management of the service information of the service-providing server installed in the network. The service information managed by the service directory server is distributed to the communication nodes either automatically or in response to requests from a communication node. The communication nodes receive packets and, for received packets that are addressed to itself, a service-providing server destination is determined based on the service information provided by the service directory server and the packet is transferred to the server to receive the service.

Abstract: Switches create and manage routes with route control protocols such as BGP-4, PNNI, etc. and a route management apparatus is notified of the information of the routes, created by these protocols, and the route management apparatus verifies the validity of a route of which the apparatus is notified by a switch based on the route information of the whole network composed of the plurality of pieces of information given by respective switches and the management policy set by a network manager. In the verification of validity, it is confirmed that the transmitted data are able to arrive at the destination securely and the set route is not against the management policy, and the route-usage-permission-notice of a route confirmed of its validity by the route management apparatus is transmitted to respective switches.

Abstract: A process of producing an aliphatic aldehyde-acid (e.g., adipaldehyde-acid) and/or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (e.g., adipic acid) comprising oxidizing a cyclic ketone (e.g., cyclohexanone) with molecular oxygen in the presence of a fixed catalyst which comprises a composite of a carrier and at least one metal element belonging to the groups 4 to 11 of the Periodic Table supported on the carrier and has an acid amount of 0.06 mmol/g or more per unit weight of the carrier.