Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a valve, a motor, and a cover. The body defines a passage, a motor space, and a connecting portion that connects the motor space to the passage. The motor includes a motor yoke made of a magnetic material, a plurality of magnets that are arranged on an inner circumferential surface of the motor yoke. The plurality of magnets are magnetized in a state where the motor yoke is disposed in the motor space of the body. The plurality of magnets are arranged in a circumferential direction in the motor yoke with a space. The connecting portion is aligned with the space between the plurality of magnets in a radial direction of the motor yoke.

Abstract: A throttle valve control device includes a valve arranged in a passage of a body and rotating together with a shaft to open and close the passage. A motor rotates the shaft such that the shaft is located at a valve fully-closed position, a valve fully-open position, or a valve intermediate position which is between the valve fully-closed position and the valve fully-open position. A coil spring applies a spring force to the shaft. A rotation angle sensor detects an opening degree of the valve. A controller executes a valve intermediate-position control within a range between a fully-open side threshold and a fully-closed side threshold between which the valve intermediate position is interposed. Outside the range, the controller executes a fully-open side control and a fully-closed side control which are different from the valve intermediate-position control.

Abstract: A coil spring of a throttle valve device around a shaft between a valve and a valve gear has one end rotated together with a first guide, and another end rotated together with a second guide. The both ends of the coil spring contact a holding portion and a driving portion at a valve intermediate position of the shaft. The driving portion pushes the one end of the coil spring while the holding portion holds the other end of the coil spring during movement of the shaft from the valve intermediate position toward a valve fully-open position or a valve fully-closed position. The first guide and the second guide have insertion holes that face each other in an axial direction when the both ends of the coil spring are positioned near the valve intermediate position of the shaft and are not in contact with the holding portion.

Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a shaft, a pair of bearings, a valve, a motor, a valve gear, a coil spring, a first guide, and a second guide. At least one of the first guide and the second guide includes a circular holder that faces an end surface of the coil spring, a spring-end holding portion that outwardly protrudes from the circular holder and is configured to hold a spring end of the coil spring, a hub that is rotatably connected to the shaft, and a connecting portion that connects the hub and the circular holder. The first guide is in contact with a lever only at an end surface of the hub. The second guide is in contact with one of the pair of bearings, which is located close to the valve gear, at an end surface of the hub.

Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a valve, a motor, a speed reducer, and a cover. The body that defines a passage and a motor space therein. The motor includes a motor yoke, a magnet, a motor shaft, a pair of motor bearings, an armature core, a commutator, a brush, and a brush holder. The motor yoke is made of a magnetic material. The brush holder holds the brush. The motor yoke has an open end that is covered by the brush holder.

Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a valve, a valve gear, a motor, an intermediate gear, an intermediate shaft and a cover. A guiding hole is formed in the cover and the intermediate shaft engages the guiding hole. A positioning reference pin is formed in one of the cover and the body at a position around the motor. A positioning reference hole is formed in the other of the cover and the body at a position around the motor. The body and the cover are positioned with respect to each other by both engaging between the intermediate shaft and the guiding hole and engaging between the positioning reference pin and the positioning reference hole. The body and the cover are fixed to each other by a fixing member.

Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a valve, a motor, and a cover. The body defines a passage, a motor space, and a connecting portion that connects the motor space to the passage. The motor includes a motor yoke made of a magnetic material, a plurality of magnets that are arranged on an inner circumferential surface of the motor yoke. The plurality of magnets are magnetized in a state where the motor yoke is disposed in the motor space of the body. The plurality of magnets are arranged in a circumferential direction in the motor yoke with a space. The connecting portion is aligned with the space between the plurality of magnets in a radial direction of the motor yoke.

Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a valve, a valve gear, a motor, an intermediate gear, an intermediate shaft and a cover. A guiding hole is formed in the cover and the intermediate shaft engages the guiding hole. A positioning reference pin is formed in one of the cover and the body at a position around the motor. A positioning reference hole is formed in the other of the cover and the body at a position around the motor. The body and the cover are positioned with respect to each other by both engaging between the intermediate shaft and the guiding hole and engaging between the positioning reference pin and the positioning reference hole. The body and the cover are fixed to each other by a fixing member.

Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a valve, a motor, a speed reducer, and a cover. The body that defines a passage and a motor space therein. The motor includes a motor yoke, a magnet, a motor shaft, a pair of motor bearings, an armature core, a commutator, a brush, and a brush holder. The motor yoke is made of a magnetic material. The brush holder holds the brush. The motor yoke has an open end that is covered by the brush holder.

Abstract: A throttle valve device includes a body, a shaft, a pair of bearings, a valve, a motor, a valve gear, a coil spring, a first guide, and a second guide. At least one of the first guide and the second guide includes a circular holder that faces an end surface of the coil spring, a spring-end holding portion that outwardly protrudes from the circular holder and is configured to hold a spring end of the coil spring, a hub that is rotatably connected to the shaft, and a connecting portion that connects the hub and the circular holder. The first guide is in contact with a lever only at an end surface of the hub. The second guide is in contact with one of the pair of bearings, which is located close to the valve gear, at an end surface of the hub.

Abstract: An angle detection mechanism to detect a rotation angle of a rotation body includes a first detection unit to cause a first output value to constantly change in response to an angle change of the rotation body in the entire region of a specific rotation range and to set a change quantity of the first output value relative to the angle change in a first rotation region of the specific rotation range to be greater than a change quantity in a non-first rotation region, and a second detection unit to cause a second output value to constantly change in response to an angle change and to set a change quantity of the second output value in a second rotation region including a rotation region different from the first rotation region to be greater than a change quantity in a non-second rotation region.

Abstract: A torsion spring that is used in a throttle valve device increasing and decreasing an opening degree of an intake passage or an exhaust passage of an internal-combustion engine includes: two coil springs connected with each other so that torsion directions are opposite from each other; and a hook disposed between the two coil springs. Of the two coil springs, one side spring arranged at one side in an axial direction biases a valve object to a closing side, and the other side spring arranged at the other side in the axial direction biases the valve object to an opening side. In at least one coil spring of the two coil springs, a dimension of a clearance between the at least one coil spring and the hook connected with each other is larger than an average value of clearances between coil turns of the at least one coil spring.

Abstract: A surface of a bearing member on a flow passage forming chamber-side is disposed to be exposed to the chamber. The bearing member includes a contact part, with which a side surface of a butterfly valve that is opposed to the bearing member is in contact, on at least a part of the surface of the bearing member on the chamber-side. The bearing member is a radial ball bearing and includes an outer bearing ring that is fitted to an inner periphery of a shaft hole, so that its axial displacement relative to a body is restricted, an inner bearing ring that is fitted on an outer periphery of a rotation shaft radially inward of the outer bearing ring, and a rolling element disposed between the outer bearing ring and the inner bearing ring. The contact part is provided on a surface of the inner bearing ring on the chamber-side.

Abstract: An angle detection mechanism to detect a rotation angle of a rotation body includes a first detection unit to cause a first output value to constantly change in response to an angle change of the rotation body in the entire region of a specific rotation range and to set a change quantity of the first output value relative to the angle change in a first rotation region of the specific rotation range to be greater than a change quantity in a non-first rotation region, and a second detection unit to cause a second output value to constantly change in response to an angle change and to set a change quantity of the second output value in a second rotation region including a rotation region different from the first rotation region to be greater than a change quantity in a non-second rotation region.

Abstract: To provide a means for preventing, treating and/or controlling health damages, including food poisoning and infections, caused by a bacterium belonging to the genus Clostridium. The above object can be solved by a cyclic peptide containing the sequence Cys-Phe-Trp-Ala-His and/or a broth of Clostridium butyricum.

Abstract: A torsion spring that is used in a throttle valve device increasing and decreasing an opening degree of an intake passage or an exhaust passage of an internal-combustion engine includes: two coil springs connected with each other so that torsion directions are opposite from each other; and a hook disposed between the two coil springs. Of the two coil springs, one side spring arranged at one side in an axial direction biases a valve object to a closing side, and the other side spring arranged at the other side in the axial direction biases the valve object to an opening side. In at least one coil spring of the two coil springs, a dimension of a clearance between the at least one coil spring and the hook connected with each other is larger than an average value of clearances between coil turns of the at least one coil spring.

Abstract: A surface of a bearing member on a flow passage forming chamber-side is disposed to be exposed to the chamber. The bearing member includes a contact part, with which a side surface of a butterfly valve that is opposed to the bearing member is in contact, on at least a part of the surface of the bearing member on the chamber-side. The bearing member is a radial ball bearing and includes an outer bearing ring that is fitted to an inner periphery of a shaft hole, so that its axial displacement relative to a body is restricted, an inner bearing ring that is fitted on an outer periphery of a rotation shaft radially inward of the outer bearing ring, and a rolling element disposed between the outer bearing ring and the inner bearing ring. The contact part is provided on a surface of the inner bearing ring on the chamber-side.

Abstract: To provide a means for preventing, treating and/or controlling health damages, including food poisoning and infections, caused by a bacterium belonging to the genus Clostridium. The above object can be solved by a cyclic peptide containing the sequence Cys-Phe-Trp-Ala-His and/or a broth of Clostridium butyricum.

Abstract: In a position detector for detecting a position of a detection body, a signal processing circuit processes a signal outputted from a magnetic field detection element. A first storage circuit stores the signal outputted from the magnetic field detection element and outputs a signal to an external device through an output circuit in a normal operation mode. A second storage circuit stores an output value of the first storage circuit. When a malfunction determination circuit determines an instantaneous power interruption mode, a signal route changing circuit prevents a signal transmission between the first storage circuit and the second storage circuit and a signal transmission between the first storage circuit and the output circuit, prevents the second storage circuit from updating data for a certain period of time, and permits the second storage circuit in which updating is prevented to output a signal to the output circuit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit, a reading unit, a controller, and an identifying unit. The image forming unit includes multiple recording elements arrayed in a first predetermined direction and drives the recording elements in accordance with input image information so as to form an image on a recording medium that moves relatively to the recording elements in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The reading unit reads the image formed by the image forming unit and outputs read data. The controller controls the image forming unit so as to form a detection pattern in a detection-pattern region located upstream or downstream, in the second direction, of a region where the image is formed in the recording medium. The identifying unit identifies a target recording element on the basis of read data obtained by reading the detection pattern using the reading unit.