Abstract: A display apparatus is provided which is capable of improving display quality by expanding the light-emission area of pixels by improving the layout of pixels and common power-feed lines formed on a substrate. Pixels including a light-emission element, such as an electroluminescence element or an LED element, are arranged on both sides of common power-feed lines so that the number of common power-feed lines is reduced. Further, the polarity of a driving current flowing between the pixels and the light-emission element is inverted so that the amount of current flowing through the common power-supply lines is reduced.

Abstract: For the purpose of providing a display apparatus capable of improving display quality by expanding the light-emission area of pixels by improving the layout of pixels and common power-feed lines formed on a substrate, pixels (7A, 7B) including a light-emission element (40), such as an electroluminescence element or an LED element, are arranged on both sides of common power-feed lines (com) so that the number of common power-feed lines (com) is reduced. Further, the polarity of a driving current flowing between the pixels (7A, 7B) and the light-emission element (40) is inverted so that the amount of current flowing through the common power-supply lines “com” is reduced.

Abstract: A display apparatus, that includes current driving type luminescent elements, has a driving system that takes the conduction types of TFTs to control the emission of the luminescent elements into consideration. In order to reduce driving voltage and improve display quality simultaneously, the arrangement is provided such that if the second TFT which performs the “on-off” function of the current for the luminescent element is of an N channel type, the potential of the common power supply line (“com”) is lowered below the potential of the opposite electrode (“op”) of the luminescent element to obtain a higher gate voltage (“Vgcur”).

Abstract: A display type image sensor using thin-film photoelectric conversion elements that function as light emitting elements and light receiving elements so that the sensor can be used both as an active matrix display and as an image sensor, wherein pixels (PX) arranged in matrix each comprise: a first pixel portion (PXA) having a first conduction control circuit (SWA) supplied with a scan signal through a scan line (gate) and a first thin-film photoelectric conversion element (11A) which can emit and receive light and connects to a first interconnect (D21) and a second interconnect (D22) through the first conduction control circuit (SWA); and a second pixel portion (PXB) having a second conduction control circuit (SWB) supplied with a scan signal through the same scan line (gate) and a second thin-film photoelectric conversion element (11B) which can emit and receive light and connects to the first interconnect (D21) and a third interconnect (D23) through the second conduction control circuit (SWB).

Abstract: The invention provides a display device in which parasitic capacitance associated with data lines and driving circuits is prevented using a bank layer whose primary purpose is to define areas on a substrate in which an organic semiconductor film is formed. When the organic semiconductor film for forming a luminescent element such as an electroluminescent element or an LED is formed is formed in pixel regions (7), the organic semiconductor film is formed in the areas surrounded by the bank layer (bank) formed of a black resist. The bank layer (bank) is also formed between an opposite electrode (op) and data lines (sig) for supplying an image signal to first TFTs (20) and holding capacitors (cap) in the pixel regions (7) thereby preventing parasitic capacitance associated with the data lines (sig).

Abstract: It is an object to provide a high-performance display element driving device or the like which can be easily reduced in power consumption and scale. A display element driving device (100) drives a liquid crystal serving as a capacitive display element. A D/A converter (110) includes first to Nth charge storage sections (112-1) to (112-N) for receiving first to Nth digital data corresponding an image signal and storing charges corresponding to the values of the first to Nth digital data, and first to Nth connection sections (114-1) to (114-N) for electrically connecting the first to Nth charge storing sections (112-1) to (112-N) and an electrode line (130) to each other and discharging the stored charges to the electrode line (130) at a given timing. In this manner, &ggr;-correction of a liquid crystal and D/A conversion can be simultaneously performed, and conversion from RGB to YUV and D/A conversion can be simultaneously performed.

Abstract: A display apparatus, that includes current driving type luminescent elements, has a driving system that takes the conduction types of TFTs to control the emission of the luminescent elements into consideration. In order to reduce driving voltage and improve display quality simultaneously, the arrangement is provided such that if the second TFT which performs the “on-off” function of the current for the luminescent element is of an N channel type, the potential of the common power supply line (“com”) is lowered below the potential of the opposite electrode (“op”) of the luminescent element to obtain a higher gate voltage (“Vgcur”).

Abstract: In an active-matrix substrate, an electro-optical device, and a method for manufacturing an active-matrix substrate, to effectively prevent TFTs and other devices formed on a substrate from being destroyed by static electricity generated in a rubbing process for an alignment film or the like, a pixel section (81) in which each pixel electrode is formed in a matrix, a data-line driving circuit (60), a scanning-line driving circuit (70), and an external-connection terminal (13) are formed in each panel area (20) of a large substrate (200) and an antistatic common wiring (48) is made from a conductive layer, when the active-matrix substrate (2) is manufactured. This common wiring (48) is formed so as to cross over the boundary of adjacent panel areas and collects static electricity generated when the rubbing process is applied to the large substrate (200), and the charges are dispersed.

Abstract: A display apparatus, that includes current driving type luminescent elements, has a driving system that takes the conduction types of TFTs to control the emission of the luminescent elements into consideration. In order to reduce driving voltage and improve display quality simultaneously, the arrangement is provided such that if the second TFT which performs the “on-off” function of the current for the luminescent element is of an N channel type, the potential of the common power supply line (“com”) is lowered below the potential of the opposite electrode (“op”) of the luminescent element to obtain a higher gate voltage (“Vgcur”).

Abstract: A transistor circuit (100) including a driving transistor (110) where conductance between a source and a drain is controlled in response to voltage, and a compensating transistor (120) where a gate is connected to one of a source and a drain and wherein the compensating transistor is connected so as to supply input signals to the gate of the driving transistor through the source and drain. In a transistor circuit where conductance control in a driving transistor is carried out in response to the voltage of input signals, it is possible to control the conductance by using input signals of a relatively low voltage and a variance in threshold characteristics of driving transistors is compensated. With this transistor circuit, a display panel that can display picture images with reduced uneven brightness is achieved.

Abstract: A driving circuit of an electro-optical device such as a liquid crystal device is compatible with digital image signals and implements a DA converting function and a &ggr; correcting function by a relatively simple and small-scale circuit configuration. The driving circuit of the liquid crystal device is provided with a DAC 3 for issuing a voltage signal Vc corresponding to N bits of digital image data DA that indicate a gray scale value to a signal line of the liquid crystal device. Depending on whether the value of a most significant bit is “0” or “1,” the DAC 3 brings the output driving voltage characteristic close to the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal device according to the a pair of first or second reference voltages so as to make a &ggr; correction.

Abstract: In an active-matrix substrate, an electro-optical device, and a method for manufacturing an active-matrix substrate, to effectively prevent TFTs and other devices formed on a substrate from being destroyed by static electricity generated in a rubbing process for an alignment film or the like, a pixel section in which each pixel electrode is formed in a matrix, a data-line driving circuit, a scanning-line driving circuit, and an external-connection terminal are formed in each panel area of a large substrate and an antistatic common wiring is made from a conductive layer, when the active-matrix substrate is manufactured. This common wiring is formed so as to cross over the boundary of adjacent panel areas and collects static electricity generated when the rubbing process is applied to the large substrate, and the charges are dispersed. Although TFTs made in the low-temperature process are weak against electrostatic destruction, the common wiring protects the TFTs from electrostatic destruction.

Abstract: A driving circuit of an electro-optical device such as a liquid crystal device is compatible with digital image signals and implements a DA converting function and a &ggr; correcting function by a relatively simple and small-scale circuit configuration. The driving circuit of the liquid crystal device is provided with a DAC 3 for issuing a voltage signal VC corresponding to N bits of digital image data DA that indicate a gray scale value to a signal line of the liquid crystal device. Depending on whether the value of a most significant bit is “0” or “1,” the DAC 3 brings the output driving voltage characteristic close to the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal device according to the a pair of first or second reference voltages so as to make a &ggr; correction.

Abstract: A transistor circuit is provided including a driving transistor where conductance between the source and the drain is controlled in response to a supplied voltage, and a compensating transistor where the gate is connected to one of the source and the drain, the compensating transistor being connected so as to supply input signals to the gate of the driving transistor through the source and drain. In a transistor circuit where conductance control in a driving transistor is carried out in response to the voltage of input signals, it is possible to control the conductance by using input signals of a relatively low voltage and a variance in threshold characteristics of driving transistors is compensated. With this transistor circuit, a display panel that can display picture images with reduced uneven brightness is achieved.

Abstract: A display apparatus, that includes current driving type luminescent elements, has a driving system that takes the conduction types of TFTs to control the emission of the luminescent elements into consideration. In order to reduce driving voltage and improve display quality simultaneously, the arrangement is provided such that if the second TFT (30) which performs the “on-off” function of the current for the luminescent element (40) is of an N channel type, the potential of the common power supply line (“com”) is lowered below the potential of the opposite electrode (“op”) of the luminescent element (40) to obtain a higher gate voltage (“Vgcur”).

Abstract: A driving circuit of an electro-optical device such as a liquid crystal device is compatible with digital image signals and implements a DA converting function and a &ggr; correcting function by a relatively simple and small-scale circuit configuration. The driving circuit of the liquid crystal device is provided with a DAC 3 for issuing a voltage signal VC corresponding to N bits of digital image data DA that indicate a gray scale value to a signal line of the liquid crystal device. Depending on whether the value of a most significant bit is “0” or “1,” the DAC 3 brings the output driving voltage characteristic close to the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal device according to the a pair of first or second reference voltages so as to make a &ggr; correction.

Abstract: The invention provides a display device in which parasitic capacitance associated with data lines and driving circuits is prevented using a bank layer whose primary purpose is to define areas on a substrate in which an organic semiconductor film is formed. When the organic semiconductor film for forming a luminescent element such as an electroluminescent element or an LED is formed is formed in pixel regions (7), the organic semiconductor film is formed in the areas surrounded by the bank layer (bank) formed of a black resist. The bank layer (bank) is also formed between an opposite electrode (op) and data lines (sig) for supplying an image signal to first TFTs (20) and holding capacitors (cap) in the pixel regions (7) thereby preventing parasitic capacitance associated with the data lines (sig).

Abstract: The invention provides a display device in which parasitic capacitance associated with data lines and driving circuits is prevented using a bank layer whose primary purpose is to define areas on a substrate in which an organic semiconductor film is formed. When the organic semiconductor film for forming a luminescent element such as an electroluminescent element or an LED is formed is formed in pixel regions (7), the organic semiconductor film is formed in the areas surrounded by the bank layer (bank) formed of a black resist. The bank layer (bank) is also formed between an opposite electrode (op) and data lines (sig) for supplying an image signal to first TFTs (20) and holding capacitors (cap) in the pixel regions (7) thereby preventing parasitic capacitance associated with the data lines (sig).

Abstract: A video signal is sampled by sequential switches (104), etc. and the voltage held in capacitors (150) after passing through switches (110). Next, switches (120), (130) turn on, the hold for capacitor (152) is carried out, and that voltage buffered by analog buffer (170), then output. The switch on-off control is performed by means of lines L1 and L2. The control of the supply voltage is performed by V1.sup.+ to V4.sup.+, and the polarity of analog buffers (170), (172), etc. is controlled. By means of the switch on-off control and the supply voltage control, four driving methods for alternating liquid crystal driving can be realized. Further, the analog buffers are composed of TFTs; and positive and negative polarity inversion can be performed through supply voltage shift.

Abstract: Electronic devices are provided with electrically conductive interconnections which are formed on the insulator material. Such electronic devices include, for example, thin film semiconductor devices (TFT), metal-insulator-metallic type non-wiring elements (MIM), solar cells, Large Scale Integration devices (LSI) or printed-wiring boards. At least a part of the electrically conductive interconnections are made of .alpha.-structure tantalum (Ta) which contains hydrogen. The .alpha.-structure tantalum does not have cubical crystals in its crystal system, but rather has body-centered cubes (bcc). The resistivity of the .alpha.-structure tantalum is from about 20 .mu..OMEGA. centimeters to about 60 .mu..OMEGA. centimeters. When hydrogen is included within this .alpha.-structure tantalum film, small amounts of nitrogen may be contained along with the hydrogen in the film.