Abstract: A method for increasing availability of light at a target area, comprising: selecting, at a time of manufacture of a convex reflective surface or optical equivalent thereof, maximum and minimum inclinations and curvature determined by an orientation and latitude and range of azimuths available for insolation at a location where the convex reflective surface or optical equivalent thereof is to be mounted, such that the convex reflective surface or optical equivalent thereof will, when mounted, deflect insolation to the target area without adjustment of a position, inclinations, or curvature of the convex reflective surface; statically mounting the convex reflective surface in a fixed orientation at the position above the target area, and deflecting sunlight received at the convex reflective surface vertically or obliquely downwards onto the target area without adjustment of the position, inclinations, or curvature of the convex reflective surface or optical equivalent thereof throughout the day.

Abstract: A convex reflective surface, such as mirror (1) or an equivalent deflector of radiation, designed to suit a FIG. 5 particular location or type of location, fixed in position and requiring no adjustment, can re-direct solar radiation (2,3) downwards onto a chosen target area throughout the calendar year or such lesser period of operation as may be chosen, benefitting the growth of plants in a greenhouse or the open air, and other human activities, at minimal expenditure including of fossil fuel.

Abstract: A convex reflective surface, such as mirror (1) or an equivalent deflector of radiation, designed to suit a FIG. 5 particular location or type of location, fixed in position and requiring no adjustment, can re-direct solar radiation (2,3) downwards onto a chosen target area throughout the calendar year or such lesser period of operation as may be chosen, benefitting the growth of plants in a greenhouse or the open air, and other human activities, at minimal expenditure including of fossil fuel.

Abstract: Compounds that are readily dissociable conjugates of a multiplicity of biologically active molecules are formed by bonding to each biologically active molecule one or more oligonucleotide chains selected to comprise partially complementary sequences that form duplexes with other such oligonucleotides attached to other biologically active molecules. The claimed conjugates and methods for preparing the conjugates of the invention can be used to link two or more biologically active molecules, as well as conjugating a multiplicity of biologically active molecules. In alternative embodiments, conjugates comprising such covalently linked oligonucleotides linked by one or a multiplicity of “bridging” oligonucleotides are provided. Methods for making these different types of conjugates and for using such conjugates for research, immunoassay, medical and technical applications are also provided by the invention.

Abstract: Compounds that are readily dissociable conjugates of a multiplicity of biologically active molecules are formed by bonding to each biologically active molecule one or more oligonucleotide chains selected to comprise partially complementary sequences that form duplexes with other such oligonucleotides attached to other biologically active molecules. The claimed conjugates and methods for preparing the conjugates of the invention can be used to link two or more biologically active molecules, as well as conjugating a multiplicity of biologically active molecules. In alternative embodiments, conjugates comprising such covalently linked oligonucleotides linked by one or a multiplicity of “bridging” oligonucleotides are provided. Methods for making these different types of conjugates and for using such conjugates for research, immunoassay, medical and technical applications are also provided by the invention.

Abstract: A device for taking fluid samples, comprising sample chambers which are separable after filling, have self sealing closures and are so disposed that a needle can fill them successively without withdrawal from an initially pierced closure that separates the chambers, or the first of them from the exterior.