Abstract: A number of embodiments of exhaust systems for outboard motors including a combined catalyst bed and exhaust manifold forming member affixed within the cylinder block of the engine so as to be readily detachable for servicing. This combined member is provided with a separate cooling jacket for its cooling.

Abstract: Several embodiments of automatic position controls for marine propulsion devices wherein the lift condition of the propulsion device is adjusted in response to a sensed running condition of the watercraft such as changes in acceleration, speed or planing condition. In some embodiments, the trim of the propulsion unit is also adjusted in response to the sensed conditions.

Abstract: Two embodiments of V-type two cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engines wherein the charge supplied to the crankcase chambers by a primary induction system is supplemented by a secondary induction system that communicates with the crankcase chambers between the primary system and the respective cylinder bank.

Abstract: A combustion chamber and scavenging configuration for a two-cycle internal combustion engine. The combustion chamber is comprised of an offset recess surrounded by a squish area. An exhaust port is formed on the side of the cylinder opposite to the area where the recess is offset while the intake or transfer ports are disposed on the side to which the recess is offset. The transfer or scavenge ports are configured so as to open progressively first diametrically opposite to the exhaust port and then in an area extending around the area toward the exhaust port.

Abstract: A marine outboard drive having a lower housing configured to generate the necessary side forces to balance the side thrust of the propeller regardless of the degree of submersion of the propeller in the water.

Abstract: Several embodiments of coupling devices for marine outboard drives for providing a coupling between an engine output shaft and the outboard drive, drive shaft. Each embodiment employs as the coupling a first portion that provides a relatively resilient driving connection for absorbing low speed torque vibrations and a second more rigid driving connection for providing a more positive power transmission at high speeds and high loads. In some embodiments, the more resilient connection is provided by a spring which may comprise either a torsional spring or a torsional coil spring. In other embodiments, elastomeric elements provide the driving connection.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of treating the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine with a catalyzer so as to render lubricant in the exhaust gases in a non-polluting form. A number of embodiments applying this principle to marine propulsion units are illustrated and described which include outboard motors and inboards. In each embodiment, the catalyst is position so that the exhaust gases will impinge upon it but need not flow through it for their discharge to the atmosphere. In addition, the exhaust system is designed in such a way that the catalyst may be removed and replaced simply by the use of a removable wall section of the exhaust system.

Abstract: Several embodiments of turbo-charged two cycle internal combustion engines utilized in combination with an outboard motor. In each embodiment, the exhaust system for the engine includes devices for insuring that sufficient backpressure is exerted at the exhaust port of one cylinder during the overlap period when its scavenge passages and exhaust ports are both open so as to preclude the discharge of fresh fuel/air mixture to the atmosphere without adversely affecting the turbo-charger performance. In some embodiments of the invention, a valve arrangement is controlled for controlling the proportion of the exhaust gases that flow across the turbo-charger so that at some running conditions, the turbo-charger receives all of the exhaust gases. In all embodiments, an expansion chamber device is incorporated in the drive shaft housing of the outboard motor and in some embodiments, the turbo-charger turbine inlet receives its gases from this expansion chamber.

Abstract: An improved supporting arrangement for an outboard motor or marine outboard drive wherein a pair of links are pivotally connected at one of their ends to the transom of the associated watercraft and at the other of their ends to the outboard drive for movement of the outboard drive between a trimmed down position and a tilted up out of the water position. One of the links is expandible in length and a fluid motor is provided for this purpose. In addition, a further fluid motor is pivotally connected between one of the links and the transom for effecting the pivotal movement. Various alternative linkage arrangements are illustrated.

Abstract: Two embodiments of outboard motors including improved protective cowling arrangements for sealingly enclosing a liquid level tank. In each embodiment, a filler neck of the tank extends through an opening in a plate that is affixed relative to the starter handle and which is sealingly engaged with an opening in the protective cowling.

Abstract: Disclosed are several embodiments of a turbo-charged two cycle internal combustion engines utilized in combination with an outboard motor are disclosed. In each embodiment, the exhaust system for the engine includes devices for insuring that sufficient backpressure is exerted at the exhaust port of one cylinder during the overlap period when its scavenge passages and exhaust ports are both open so as to preclude the discharge of fresh fuel/air mixture to the atmosphere without adversely affecting the turbo-charger performance. In some embodiments of the invention, a valve arrangement is controlled for controlling the proportion of the exhaust gases that flow across the turbo-charger so that at some running conditions, the turbo-charger receives all of the exhaust gases. In all embodiments, an expansion chamber device is incorporated in the drive shaft housing of the outboard motor and in some embodiments, the turbo-charger turbine inlet receives its gases from this expansion chamber.

Abstract: Several embodiments of engine speed control mechanisms that permit the running speed of an engine to be maintained at a predetermined value. The mechanical components of the system include a linkage system that connects an operator position throttle control with the throttle valves of the engine and that incorporates a lost motion connection so that the throttle valves may be positioned independently of the operator throttle control to maintain the speed control. In one embodiment of the invention, the throttle and speed control mechanism is mounted on the engine while in another embodiment, these components are mounted remotely from the engine. In one embodiment of the invention, a control circuit is provided that prevents hunting.

Abstract: An improved lubricating system for a two-cycle outboard motor having a vertically extending crankshaft. The lubricating system employs a crankshaft driven pump and circulating system that permits pressure lubricating without necessitating elongation of the crankshaft or engine. The engine is enclosed within a cowling and an oil sump is conveniently located within the cowling and is accessible through a cover door of the cowling for replenishment of the oil supply without removal of the cowling.

Abstract: A lubricating system for a two cycle engine, particularly of the outboard type, wherein the engine has a separate lubricating system and lubricant is supplied to this system by a relatively small delivery tank via gravity feed. In addition, an arrangement is provided for supplying lubricant to the delivery tank from a separate oil storage tank to maintain a predetermined liquid level in the delivery tank. This system includes a pump located in the separate storage tank. In accordance with certain embodiments of the invention, the pump is operated if the liquid level in the delivery tank falls below a predetermined level. In accordance with one embodiment, the operation of the pump is stopped when the liquid level exceeds a predetermined level.

Abstract: A combined cooling and heating system for an internal combustion engine. The system includes a cooling jacket that cools the cylinder block and which discharges through a thermostatically controlled valve into a coolant sump having upper and lower outlets. The lower outlet discharges into a heating jacket for the induction system so as to provide induction system heating that is relatively independent of the engine speed. The upper sump outlet discharges into the cylinder head cooling jacket.

Abstract: An improved lubricating system for a two-cycle outboard motor having a vertically extending crankshaft. The lubricating system employs a crankshaft driven pump and circulating system that permits pressure lubricating without necessitating elongation of the crankshaft or engine. The engine is enclosed within a cowling and an oil sump is conveniently located within the cowling and is accessible through a cover door of the cowling for replenishment of the oil supply without removal of the cowling.

Abstract: Crank-chamber precompression type two cycle engines having scavenging ports connected with the crank-chamber through scavenging passages. An air supply passage is connected through a reed type check valve with at least one of the scavenging passages at the upper portion thereof so that air is introduced into the scavenging passage in the ascending stroke of piston movement and discharged into the combustion chamber in the descending stroke of the piston movement to effect scavenging. The air passage is provided with a control valve which is interconnected with the engine throttle valve so that the amount of air supply through the air passage can be controlled in accordance with the load condition of the engine operation.

Abstract: An improved lubricating system for a two-cycle outboard motor having a vertically extending crankshaft. The lubricating system employs a crankshaft driven pump and circulating system that permits pressure lubricating without necessitating elongation of the crankshaft or engine. The engine is enclosed within a cowling and an oil sump is conveniently located within the cowling and is accessible through a cover door of the cowling for replenishment of the oil supply without removal of the cowling.