Abstract: There is provided a wavelength conversion member including: a fluorescent body and a reflective film. The fluorescent body is configured to emit fluorescence by an excitation light and has an incident surface into which the excitation light comes and a rear surface which faces the incident surface. The reflective film is arranged on a side of the rear surface of the fluorescent body and includes a metal layer and ceramic particles dispersed in the metal layer. The ceramic particles are crystalline, and a melting point of the ceramic particles is higher than a melting point of a metal constructing the metal layer.

Abstract: A joining layer of a joined body includes a joining material which contains, as a main component, a metal having a surface tension of 1000 mN/m or less at its melting point, and a metal layer which has a plurality of pores formed therein and in which at least some of the pores are impregnated with the joining material.

Abstract: A joined body includes a first member and a second member which are joined together via a joining portion including a metal layer having a plurality of pores communicating with each other. The first member and the metal layer have respective through holes formed in the first member and the metal layer, respectively, and communicating with each other. A tubular member is disposed between an inner side portion of the through hole formed in the metal layer and an interior portion of the metal layer.

Abstract: A joined body includes a first member, a second member, and a joining portion disposed therebetween and joining the first member and the second member. The joining portion includes a first joining layer on a side toward the first member and formed of a first joining material, a second joining layer on a side toward the second member and formed of a second joining material, and a metal layer therebetween and having a plurality of holes communicating with one another. The metal layer includes a first-joining-material-impregnated layer on a side toward the first joining layer and in which the plurality of holes are impregnated with the first joining material, a second-joining-material-impregnated layer on a side toward the second joining layer and in which the plurality of holes are impregnated with the second joining material, and an unfilled hole layer therebetween and in which the plurality of holes are void.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion member includes a ceramic fluorescent body for converting a wavelength of incident light, a heat radiation member for radiating heat of the ceramic fluorescent body to an outside atmosphere, and a solder layer for joining together the ceramic fluorescent body and the heat radiation member. The solder layer includes a joining portion disposed between the ceramic fluorescent body and the heat radiation member and a protruding portion protruding outward from an outer circumferential portion of the ceramic fluorescent body. The protruding portion is spaced apart from a side surface formed on the outer circumferential portion of the ceramic fluorescent body. In the solder layer, the maximum value of thickness of the protruding portion is greater than the average value of thickness of the joining portion.

Abstract: A noble metal tip for a spark plug according to the present invention contains iridium (Jr) in an amount of 50 mass % or more and aluminum (Al) in an amount of 0.1 mass % or more and 5 mass % or less, and further contains rhodium (Rh), wherein a metallographic structure comprised of fiber-like elements R is observed, and the fiber-like elements R of the metallographic structure have an average aspect ratio of 150 or more and have an average length of 25 ?m or less in a minor axis direction.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion member includes a ceramic fluorescent body for converting a wavelength of incident light, a heat radiation member for radiating heat of the ceramic fluorescent body to an outside atmosphere, and a solder layer for joining together the ceramic fluorescent body and the heat radiation member. The solder layer includes a joining portion disposed between the ceramic fluorescent body and the heat radiation member and a protruding portion protruding outward from an outer circumferential portion of the ceramic fluorescent body. The protruding portion is spaced apart from a side surface formed on the outer circumferential portion of the ceramic fluorescent body. In the solder layer, the maximum value of thickness of the protruding portion is greater than the average value of thickness of the joining portion.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion member for soldering includes a ceramic fluorescent body for converting a wavelength of light entering from an incident surface of the ceramic fluorescent body, a reflection layer disposed on a back surface of the ceramic fluorescent body on a side opposite the incident surface and partially or entirely covering the back surface, and a junction layer composed of one or more films and covering at least the reflection layer selected from the back surface of the ceramic fluorescent body and the reflection layer. The junction layer has a projecting portion which projects, in relation to an outer circumferential portion of the junction layer, in a center portion of a surface on a side opposite a surface on a side where the junction layer covers at least the reflection layer selected from the back surface and the reflection layer.

Abstract: An optical wavelength conversion device includes an optical wavelength conversion member configured to convert the wavelength of incident light; a heat dissipation member which is more excellent in heat dissipation than the optical wavelength conversion member; and a joint portion which joins the optical wavelength conversion member and the heat dissipation member together. The optical wavelength conversion member includes a plate-shaped ceramic fluorescent body and a reflecting film disposed on a heat dissipation member-side surface of the ceramic fluorescent body. The joint portion has a thermal conductivity of 120 W/mK or more. The joint portion has a melting point of 240° C. or higher.

Abstract: The extruder includes: a cylinder having a first end portion and a second end portion respectively formed at two ends of the cylinder in an axial direction, and an ejection port formed in the first end portion; a screw including a shaft that is configured to rotate within the cylinder, and a screw blade that is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the shaft; a supplier that is attached to the second end portion side of the cylinder and is configured to supply a kneading target to an inside of the cylinder; and a plurality of protruding members that protrude from an inner wall surface of the cylinder.

Abstract: A method for producing a rubber member according to the present invention includes the steps of: supplying a rubber composition to a cylinder provided in an extruder; extruding the rubber composition to a downstream side of the cylinder while kneading the rubber composition in an internal space of the cylinder that includes a plurality of protruding members protruding from an inner wall surface of the cylinder; compressing the rubber composition at least once in the step of extruding the rubber composition to the downstream side; discharging a gas generated from the compressed rubber composition to outside of the cylinder; discharging, through a discharge outlet of the cylinder, the rubber composition after the gas has been generated; and molding the rubber composition that has been discharged through the discharge outlet into a predetermined rubber member shape.

Abstract: Provided is an optical wavelength conversion device in which heat of an optical wavelength conversion member can be dissipated efficiently while the joint strength between the optical wavelength conversion member and a heat dissipation member is maintained. In the present disclosure, the optical wavelength conversion device includes an optical wavelength conversion member configured to convert the wavelength of incident light; a heat dissipation member which is more excellent in heat dissipation than the optical wavelength conversion member; and a joint portion which joins the optical wavelength conversion member and the heat dissipation member together. The optical wavelength conversion member includes a plate-shaped ceramic fluorescent body and a reflecting film disposed on a heat dissipation member-side surface of the ceramic fluorescent body. The joint portion has a thermal conductivity of 120 W/mK or more. The joint portion has a melting point of 240° C. or higher.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction unit including a single cell including an electrolyte layer containing solid oxide, and a cathode and an anode which face each other in a first direction with the electrolyte layer intervening therebetween; a current collector disposed on a cathode side of the single cell and having a protrusion protruding toward the cathode; an electrically conductive coat covering a surface of the current collector; and an electrically conductive bonding layer bonding the cathode and the protrusion covered with the coat. In all sections of the protrusion taken in parallel with the first direction, a corner portion of the protrusion covered with the coat is covered with the bonding layer.

Abstract: To provide a rubber extruder capable of efficiently removing volatile components in unvulcanized rubber without decreasing productivity of the unvulcanized rubber. The rubber extruder 1 is for extruding the unvulcanized rubber (G) while kneading. It includes a barrel 2 having an input port 5 for introducing the unvulcanized rubber (G) and a discharge port 6 for discharging the unvulcanized rubber (G), a screw 3, which is arranged in the barrel 2, for extruding the unvulcanized rubber (G), and a vent 4 for sucking out air in the barrel 2. The screw 3 has a dam portion 7 which locally controls an extrusion amount of the unvulcanized rubber (G), a first screw portion 8 defined between the input port 5 and the dam portion 7, and a second screw portion 9 defined between the dam portion 7 and the discharge port 6. An effective screw length (L1) of the first screw portion 8 is 50% or more of a total effective screw length (L) of the screw 3.

Abstract: A method for producing a rubber member according to the present invention includes the steps of: supplying a rubber composition to a cylinder provided in an extruder; extruding the rubber composition to a downstream side of the cylinder while kneading the rubber composition in an internal space of the cylinder that includes a plurality of protruding members protruding from an inner wall surface of the cylinder; compressing the rubber composition at least once in the step of extruding the rubber composition to the downstream side; discharging a gas generated from the compressed rubber composition to outside of the cylinder; discharging, through a discharge outlet of the cylinder, the rubber composition after the gas has been generated; and molding the rubber composition that has been discharged through the discharge outlet into a predetermined rubber member shape.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction unit containing a single cell including an electrolyte layer containing solid oxide, and a cathode and an anode which face each other in a first direction with the electrolyte layer intervening therebetween; a current collector disposed on a cathode side of the single cell and having a protrusion protruding toward the cathode; an electrically conductive coat covering a surface of the current collector; and an electrically conductive bonding layer bonding the cathode and the protrusion covered with the coat. In at least one section of the protrusion taken in parallel with the first direction, the protrusion covered with the coat has a covered portion covered with the bonding layer and an exposed portion exposed from the bonding layer and including a corner portion of the protrusion covered with the coat.

Abstract: An electrochemical reaction unit containing a single cell including an electrolyte layer containing solid oxide, and a cathode and an anode which face each other in a first direction with the electrolyte layer intervening therebetween; a current collector disposed on a cathode side of the single cell and having a protrusion protruding toward the cathode; an electrically conductive coat covering a surface of the current collector; and an electrically conductive bonding layer bonding the cathode and the protrusion covered with the coat. In at least one section of the protrusion taken in parallel with the first direction, the protrusion covered with the coat has a covered portion covered with the bonding layer and an exposed portion exposed from the bonding layer and including a corner portion of the protrusion covered with the coat.

Abstract: An object is to effectively restrain Cr diffusion from a corner portion of a protrusion of a cathode-side current collector. The electrochemical reaction unit includes a single cell including an electrolyte layer containing solid oxide, and a cathode and an anode which face each other in a first direction with the electrolyte layer intervening therebetween; a current collector disposed on a cathode side of the single cell and having a protrusion protruding toward the cathode; an electrically conductive coat covering a surface of the current collector; and an electrically conductive bonding layer bonding the cathode and the protrusion covered with the coat. In all sections of the protrusion taken in parallel with the first direction, a corner portion of the protrusion covered with the coat is covered with the bonding layer.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a ceramic insulator having an axial hole formed in an axis direction of the spark plug, a center electrode inserted in a front side of the axial hole, a metal shell disposed around the ceramic insulator and a ground electrode joined to a front end portion of the metal shell, wherein the ground electrode has a cross-sectional area of 2.0 mm2 or smaller in any arbitrary cross section thereof taken in a direction perpendicular to a center line of the ground electrode; the ground electrode is made of a metal material containing 93 mass % or more of nickel; and the ground electrode has a Vickers hardness of 130 to 260 Hv.

Abstract: The extruder includes: a cylinder having a first end portion and a second end portion respectively formed at two ends of the cylinder in an axial direction, and an ejection port formed in the first end portion; a screw including a shaft that is configured to rotate within the cylinder, and a screw blade that is provided on an outer circumferential surface of the shaft; a supplier that is attached to the second end portion side of the cylinder and is configured to supply a kneading target to an inside of the cylinder; and a plurality of protruding members that protrude from an inner wall surface of the cylinder.