Abstract: An instrument includes a holder for holding a medium, a cap capable of covering a tip end portion of the medium, and a knock member provided to be capable of knocking to attach and detach the cap. The cap is connected to the knock member via a rotational transform mechanism. The rotational transform mechanism advances the cap in accordance with one knock of the knock member in the axial direction, the rotational transform mechanism rotates the cap around an axis parallel to the axial direction, then retreats the cap, so that the state in which the cap covers the tip end portion of the medium and the state in which the cap allows the tip end portion of the medium to be exposed are switchable for each knock of the knock member.

Abstract: A power transmission belt is formed so that the back face side of a belt body is covered with a reinforced fabric woven with warps and wefts. In the reinforced fabric, the direction of warps and the direction of wefts make equal angles with the belt widthwise direction, and each of two directions of consecutive yarn intersections of the warps and wefts formed to stand out from the belt surface makes a certain angle with the belt widthwise direction.

Abstract: An instrument includes a holder for holding a medium, a cap capable of covering a tip end portion of the medium, and a knock member provided to be capable of knocking to attach and detach the cap. The cap is connected to the knock member via a rotational transform mechanism. The rotational transform mechanism advances the cap in accordance with one knock of the knock member in the axial direction, the rotational transform mechanism rotates the cap around an axis parallel to the axial direction, then retreats the cap, so that the state in which the cap covers the tip end portion of the medium and the state in which the cap allows the tip end portion of the medium to be exposed are switchable for each knock of the knock member.

Abstract: There is provided a clip structure that can be used with a clip rotated and a clip structure assembling method. The clip structure includes, a clip body that is formed into a substantial U shape to form a holding portion in which a thin object to be clipped is held, a clip securing member for securing the clip body so that a side of an opening of the clip body can rotate along an arc and stop, and an elastic body that urges the clip body along a rotation axis of the clip body toward the clip securing member is provided to urge the clip body toward the clip securing member.

Abstract: There is provided a clip structure that can be used with a clip rotated and a clip structure assembling method. The clip structure includes, a clip body that is formed into a substantial U shape to form a holding portion in which a thin object to be clipped is held, a clip securing member for securing the clip body so that a side of an opening of the clip body can rotate along an arc and stop, and an elastic body that urges the clip body along a rotation axis of the clip body toward the clip securing member is provided to urge the clip body toward the clip securing member.

Abstract: A power transmission belt is formed so that the back face side of a belt body is covered with a reinforced fabric woven with warps and wefts. In the reinforced fabric, the direction of warps and the direction of wefts make equal angles with the belt widthwise direction, and each of two directions of consecutive yarn intersections of the warps and wefts formed to stand out from the belt surface makes a certain angle with the belt widthwise direction.

Abstract: A vibration actuator includes a vibration element, which simultaneously generates a radial symmetric expansion vibration mode in which it expands and contracts in the radial direction and a non-axisymmetric planar vibration mode in which it bends to and fro in a non-axisymmetric manner within a single plane, and thereby drives a relative movement member, and a base member to which the vibration element is fixed. The vibration element includes at least one superimposed layer structure comprising a pair of electrical energy to mechanical energy conversion elements and an elastic member sandwiched between the pair of electrical energy to mechanical energy conversion elements. The elastic member includes a ring shaped portion to both the sides of which the pair of electrical energy to mechanical energy conversion elements are stuck, and a cylindrical shaped support portion, formed integrally with the ring shaped portion, which fixes the vibration element to the base member.

Abstract: A memory device is arranged in such a manner that an access-target memory cell is selected from a plurality of memory cells in accordance with the level of the byte-enable signal at the timing when the level of the corresponding row address strobe signal (/RAS signal) changes, and by this arrangement, the problem resided in the conventional memory device that it could not be decided as to whether a memory block in the DRAM core was to be a selected or non-selected byte until the fall of the corresponding column address strobe signal (/CAS signal), and thus the column decoder and the preamplifier that start operating at the fall of the /RAS signal could not be efficiently controlled is solved, and due to this, electric power that might otherwise be consumed at the time of executing a byte-unit access to the wide-bus DRAM can be reduced.

Abstract: In a video signal recording apparatus, a first video signal is compressed into a second video signal in response to a controllable quantization factor which determines a degree of the compression. The quantization factor is controlled to maintain a data rate of the second video signal at substantially a constant rate. A detection is made as to a magnitude of the quantization factor. A decision is made as to whether or not the detected magnitude is greater than a predetermined reference magnitude. The second video signal is recorded on a recording medium when the detected magnitude is greater than the predetermined reference magnitude.

Abstract: In a video signal recording apparatus, a first video signal is compressed into a second video signal in response to a controllable quantization factor which determines a degree of the compression. The quantization factor is controlled to maintain a data rate of the second video signal at substantially a constant rate. A detection is made as to a magnitude of the quantization factor. A decision is made as to whether or not the detected magnitude is greater than a predetermined reference magnitude. The second video signal is recorded on a recording medium when the detected magnitude is greater than the predetermined reference magnitude.

Abstract: A magnetic field is determined with a Hall element having a high sensitivity. Such an element is very susceptible to a variation of environmental temperature and thus requires a compensation thereof for the determination of a magnetic field. Two electric signals, indicative of the magnitudes of the Hall voltage and the temperature, respectively, are produced and fed into respective inputs of an analog calculator to thereby indicate the determined magnitude of the magnetic field automatically. In one aspect of the invention, the temperature signal may be obtained by detecting a control voltage across the control current terminals of the Hall element during passage of the control current therethrough. Alternatively, it may be obtained by means of a thermistor.

Abstract: The method detects a toner concentration in a developer comprising a mixture of magnetic carrier particles and a non-magnetic toner through the determination of a leakage magnetic flux with a Hall element having a high sensitivity. The mixture is first shaped into a predetermined configuration and brought into a fixed magnetic field where the leakage magnetic flux is sensed by the Hall element. The shaped mixture may be a magnetic brush per se in case of the well-known magnetic brush device used. Such a Hall element is very susceptible to a variation of environmental temperature and thus requires a compensation therefor upon the determination of magnetic field. In one aspect of the invention, the compensation may be conveniently achieved by detecting a voltage across the control current terminals of the Hall element and supplying the detected result into an input of analog calculator.