Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus has a blower, a unit case, a cooling heat exchanger and a heating heat exchanger. The heat exchangers are disposed in the unit case such that ends thereof are adjacent to the blower. The unit case has a side opening on its side wall and a tubular part between the end of the heating heat exchanger and a casing of the blower. The tubular part has a communication portion for allowing communication between a hollow space provided therein and a space downstream of the second heat exchanger. The unit case has a passage opening at an end of the tubular part and adjacent to the side opening for allowing the air introduced in the hollow space to flow out from the hollow space. Further, a door is provided in the unit case to open and close the side opening and the communication portion simultaneously.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel of the type having reflection electrodes tends to have an image-forming plane undesirably yellowed due to the wavelength dependency of transparency observed in an orientation layer on the reflection electrodes; aluminum-neodymium alloy, which has neodymium content between 5 weight % to 10 weight %, is deposited on an inter-layered insulating layer at the substrate temperature equal to or less than 170 degrees in centigrade for the reflection electrodes so that the surface morphology is represented by average pitches equal to or less than 1 micron; even though the orientation layer has the wavelength dependency of transparency, the reflection electrodes make the optical path in the orientation layer equalized so that the image-forming plane is not yellowed.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus has a blower, a unit case, a cooling heat exchanger and a heating heat exchanger. The heat exchangers are disposed in the unit case such that ends thereof are adjacent to the blower. The unit case has a side opening on its side wall and a tubular part between the end of the heating heat exchanger and a casing of the blower. The tubular part has a communication portion for allowing communication between a hollow space provided therein and a space downstream of the second heat exchanger. The unit case has a passage opening at an end of the tubular part and adjacent to the side opening for allowing the air introduced in the hollow space to flow out from the hollow space. Further, a door is provided in the unit case to open and close the side opening and the communication portion simultaneously.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel of the type having reflection electrodes tends to have an image-forming plane undesirably yellowed due to the wavelength dependency of transparency observed in an orientation layer on the reflection electrodes; aluminum-neodymium alloy, which has neodymium content between 5 weight % to 10 weight %, is deposited on an inter-layered insulating layer at the substrate temperature equal to or less than 170 degrees in centigrade for the reflection electrodes so that the surface morphology is represented by average pitches equal to or less than 1 micron; even though the orientation layer has the wavelength dependency of transparency, the reflection electrodes make the optical path in the orientation layer equalized so that the image-forming plane is not yellowed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel of the type having reflection electrodes tends to have an image-forming plane undesirably yellowed due to the wavelength dependency of transparency observed in an orientation layer on the reflection electrodes; aluminum-neodymium alloy, which has neodymium content between 5 weight % to 10 weight %, is deposited on an inter-layered insulating layer at the substrate temperature equal to or less than 170 degrees in centigrade for the reflection electrodes so that the surface morphology is represented by average pitches equal to or less than 1 micron; even though the orientation layer has the wavelength dependency of transparency, the reflection electrodes make the optical path in the orientation layer equalized so that the image-forming plane is not yellowed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel of the type having reflection electrodes tends to have an image-forming plane undesirably yellowed due to the wavelength dependency of transparency observed in an orientation layer on the reflection electrodes; aluminum-neodymium alloy, which has neodymium content between 5 weight % to 10 weight %, is deposited on an inter-layered insulating layer at the substrate temperature equal to or less than 170 degrees in centigrade for the reflection electrodes so that the surface morphology is represented by average pitches equal to or less than 1 micron; even though the orientation layer has the wavelength dependency of transparency, the reflection electrodes make the optical path in the orientation layer equalized so that the image-forming plane is not yellowed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel of the type having reflection electrodes tends to have an image-forming plane undesirably yellowed due to the wavelength dependency of transparency observed in an orientation layer on the reflection electrodes; aluminum-neodymium alloy, which has neodymium content between 5 weight % to 10 weight %, is deposited on an inter-layered insulating layer at the substrate temperature equal to or less than 170 degrees in centigrade for the reflection electrodes so that the surface morphology is represented by average pitches equal to or less than 1 micron; even though the orientation layer has the wavelength dependency of transparency, the reflection electrodes make the optical path in the orientation layer equalized so that the image-forming plane is not yellowed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel of the type having reflection electrodes tends to have an image-forming plane undesirably yellowed due to the wavelength dependency of transparency observed in an orientation layer on the reflection electrodes; aluminum-neodymium alloy, which has neodymium content between 5 weight % to 10 weight %, is deposited on an inter-layered insulating layer at the substrate temperature equal to or less than 170 degrees in centigrade for the reflection electrodes so that the surface morphology is represented by average pitches equal to or less than 1 micron; even though the orientation layer has the wavelength dependency of transparency, the reflection electrodes make the optical path in the orientation layer equalized so that the image-forming plane is not yellowed.