Abstract: A light-emitting apparatus with low power consumption is provided. A light-emitting apparatus including a first light-emitting device and a first color conversion layer. The first light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an EL layer positioned between the anode and the cathode. The EL layer includes a layer including a material with a refractive index lower than or equal to 1.75 at 467 nm. The first color conversion layer includes a first substance capable of emission by absorbing light. Light emitted from the first light-emitting device enters the first color conversion layer.

Abstract: An organic compound having a hole-transport property and a low refractive index is provided. An organic compound represented by General Formula (G1) shown below is provided. In General Formula (G1), Ar1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group having 6 to 13 carbon atoms in a ring, n represents an integer of 0 or 1, and Ar2 represents an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms in a ring and includes at least one branched-chain or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms. The total number of carbon atoms of the branched-chain or cyclic alkyl group in Ar2 is more than or equal to 6. R1 to R4 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. R11 to R14 and R21 to R24 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Any one of R15 to R18 and any one of R25 to R28 each represent a bond directly bonded to a nitrogen atom, and the others each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A novel organic compound is provided. A novel organic compound having a carrier-transport property is provided. A novel organic compound having a hole-transport property is provided. An organic compound having a low refractive index is provided. An organic compound having a low refractive index and a carrier-transport property is provided. An organic compound having a low refractive index and a hole-transport property is provided. An organic compound represented by the following general formula (G1) is provided.

Abstract: Methods of forming silicon nitride on a sidewall of a feature are disclosed. Exemplary methods include providing a substrate comprising a feature comprising a sidewall surface and a surface adjacent the sidewall surface, forming a silicon oxide layer overlying the sidewall surface and the surface adjacent the sidewall surface, using a cyclical deposition process, depositing a silicon nitride layer overlying the silicon oxide layer, and exposing the silicon nitride layer to activated species generated from a hydrogen-containing gas. Exemplary methods can additionally include selectively removing a portion of the silicon nitride layer. Structures formed using the methods and systems for performing the methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A toner cartridge include a convex portion and a conveyance drive gear. There is a protrusion which protrudes from the center of the conveyance drive gear. Further, there is a hole at a rear side of the convex portion. The protrusion is to be inserted into the hole which is at the rear side of the convex portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a rotation shaft, a developing device, and a supply portion. The developing device includes a developing device main portion that rotates around the rotation shaft between a developing position and a retracted position and includes a developer, a developer bearer to face or be away from the image bearer depending on whether the developing device main portion is at the developing position or the retracted position, a replenishment portion having a replenishment port with an opposite surface formed by an arc drawn around the rotation shaft to replenish the developer, and a non-rotating portion. The supply portion has a supply port with an opposite surface formed by an arc drawn around the rotation shaft and facing the opposite surface of the replenishment port. The supply port communicates the replenishment port and supplies the developer to the developing device through the replenishment port.

Abstract: A light-emitting device with high emission efficiency and low driving voltage is provided. A light-emitting apparatus, an electronic device, and a lighting device with low power consumption are provided. The following organic compound is provided: the organic compound has an arylamine structure; and when the organic compound is deposited to be a film, the ordinary refractive index of the deposited film with respect to light with a wavelength of 458 nm is greater than or equal to 1.50 and less than or equal to 1.75, the birefringence ?n of the deposited film with respect to light with a wavelength of 458 nm is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.008, or the alignment order parameter of the deposited film with respect to light with a wavelength corresponding to the longest wavelength where an absorption peak appears in the absorption spectrum is greater than or equal to ?0.07 and less than or equal to 0.00.

Abstract: A toner cartridge include a convex portion and a conveyance drive gear. There is a protrusion which protrudes from the center of the conveyance drive gear. Further, there is a hole at a rear side of the convex portion. The protrusion is to be inserted into the hole which is at the rear side of the convex portion.

Abstract: An object is to provide an organic compound with a low refractive index. Alternatively, a novel organic compound with a low refractive index and an electron-donating property is provided. Alternatively, an EL device with high emission efficiency is provided. An organic compound having an arylamine skeleton including a fluorine atom or an acridine skeleton including a fluorine atom and an EL device using the organic compound are provided. The EL device preferably includes a hole-injection layer containing the organic compound having an arylamine skeleton including a fluorine atom or an acridine skeleton including a fluorine atom and a substance showing an electron-accepting property with respect to the organic compound.

Abstract: To provide a novel arylamine compound with a low refractive index. The provided arylamine compound includes at least one aromatic group. The aromatic group includes a first benzene ring, a second benzene ring, a third benzene ring, and at least three alkyl groups. The first benzene ring, the second benzene ring, and the third benzene ring are directly bonded in this order. The first benzene ring is bonded to nitrogen of amine. The first benzene ring may further include a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. The second benzene ring or the third benzene ring may further include an alkylated phenyl group. Each of first positions and third positions of two or more of the first to third benzene rings is independently bonded to another benzene ring, a benzene ring of the alkylated phenyl group, any of the at least three alkyl groups, or the nitrogen of the amine.

Abstract: A light-emitting apparatus with low power consumption is provided. A light-emitting apparatus including a first light-emitting device and a first color conversion layer. The first light-emitting device includes an anode, a cathode, and an EL layer positioned between the anode and the cathode. The EL layer includes a layer including a material with a refractive index lower than or equal to 1.75 at 467 nm. The first color conversion layer includes a first substance capable of emission by absorbing light. Light emitted from the first light-emitting device enters the first color conversion layer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearer, a rotation shaft, a developing device, and a supply portion. The developing device includes a developing device main portion that rotates around the rotation shaft between a developing position and a retracted position and includes a developer, a developer bearer to face or be away from the image bearer depending on whether the developing device main portion is at the developing position or the retracted position, a replenishment portion having a replenishment port with an opposite surface formed by an arc drawn around the rotation shaft to replenish the developer, and a non-rotating portion. The supply portion has a supply port with an opposite surface formed by an arc drawn around the rotation shaft and facing the opposite surface of the replenishment port. The supply port communicates the replenishment port and supplies the developer to the developing device through the replenishment port.

Abstract: Methods of forming structures using a neutral beam, structures formed using a neutral beam, and reactor systems for forming the structures are disclosed. The neutral beam can be used to provide activated species during deposition of a layer and/or to provide activated species to treat a deposited layer.

Abstract: The developer container includes a rotator that is rotated in the container body, a sequence of gears disposed outside the developer container that transmits a torque to the rotator, and a container guiding portion that fits with a main body side guiding portion and guides the developer container in a direction in which the developer container is attached to a mounting portion of an image forming device main body. A first gear included in the sequence of the gears is movable between an operating position where the first gear engages with a second gear and a retracted position where the first gear is retracted. On a surface on which the container guiding portion is disposed, a part of the container guiding portion is disposed within a projected area of the first gear being disposed at the operating position.

Abstract: An alloy material includes: a composition, in a composition range of a ternary alloy of silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), and copper (Cu), the composition containing 20 to 30 wt % of Ag, 35 to 55 wt % of Pd, and 20 to 40 wt % of Cu. The composition as a base is added with tin (Sn) in a range of 0.5 to 2.5 wt %, further added with any one of or a combination of cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn) in a range of 0.1 to 1.0 wt %, and added with 0.01 to 0.1 wt % of either one of or a combination of iridium (Ir) and ruthenium (Ru).

Abstract: A material for a hole-transport layer includes a monoamine compound. The first aromatic group, the second aromatic group, and the third aromatic group are bonded to the nitrogen atom of the monoamine compound. The first and second aromatic groups each independently include 1 to 3 benzene rings. One or both of the first and second aromatic groups have one or more hydrocarbon groups each having 1 to 12 carbon atoms each forming a bond only by the sp3 hybrid orbitals. The total number of the carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group in the first or second aromatic group is 6 or more. The total number of the carbon atoms in all of the hydrocarbon groups in the first and second aromatic groups is 8 or more. The third aromatic group is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic condensed ring or a substituted or unsubstituted bicyclic or tricyclic condensed ring.

Abstract: A removable device detachably attachable to a receiving structure includes a convex to be inserted into a groove of the receiving structure, a rotator to rotate around a rotational shaft, a recess at a rear side of the convex, a gear attached to the rotational shaft, and a gear cover to cover at least a part of the gear. Further, an end of the rotational shaft is inserted into the recess, part of the gear is exposed from the gear cover, and a peripheral of the end of the rotational shaft is surrounded by the gear cover.

Abstract: Methods for etching a carbon-containing feature are provided. The methods may include: providing a substrate having a carbon-containing feature formed thereon in a reaction space; supplying helium gas and an oxidizing to the reaction space; generating a plasma within the reaction space from a gas mixture comprising helium gas and the oxidizing gas; and anisotropically etching the carbon-containing feature utilizing the plasma to cause lateral etching of the carbon-containing feature.

Abstract: A method of spacer-defined direct patterning in semiconductor fabrication includes: providing a photoresist structure having a target width of lines; trimming the photoresist structures such that a width of each trimmed photoresist structure is smaller than the target width; depositing an oxide film on the template, thereby entirely covering with the oxide film an exposed top surface of the template and the trimmed photoresist structures; etching the oxide film-covered template to remove an unwanted portion of the oxide film without removing the trimmed photoresist structures so as to form vertical spacers isolated from each other, each spacer substantially maintaining the target width and being constituted by the trimmed photoresist structures and a vertical portion of the oxide film covering sidewalls of the trimmed photoresist structures; and etching the spacer-formed template to transfer a pattern constituted by the spacers to the template.