Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a secondary cell that receives and stores surplus power by which output of the fuel cell is greater than power demanded of the system if the output is so, and that compensates for shortfall by which the output of the fuel cell is less than the power demanded of the system if the output is so; a voltage measurement portion that measures voltage of the fuel cell; a current measurement portion that measures current of the fuel cell; and a control portion that performs a control such that the voltage of the fuel cell does not exceed or equal a pre-set high-potential avoidance voltage. If a current-voltage characteristic of the fuel cell declines by at least a pre-determined amount from an early-period level, the control portion re-sets the high-potential avoidance voltage to a value that is smaller than an early-period set value.

Abstract: The present invention is to properly adjust a water content in a cell of a fuel cell in response to a wide variety of conditions. A method of controlling a water content in a cell of a fuel cell, wherein a flow rate and pressure of a hydrogen gas supplied to an anode electrode of the cell of the fuel cell are adjusted so as to satisfy a restrictive condition in order to control a water content in the cell of the fuel cell. A water content state in the cell is detected and, based on the detection result, a flow rate and pressure of the hydrogen gas are adjusted so that a water content in the cell equals a target water content.

Abstract: A two-stage refrigeration apparatus includes a high-stage refrigeration cycle including a high-stage-side refrigerant circuit including a high-stage-side compressor, high-stage-side condenser, high-stage-side expansion valve, and high-stage-side evaporator connected by pipes, a low-stage refrigeration cycle including a low-stage-side refrigerant circuit including a low-stage-side compressor, low-stage-side condenser, low-stage-side receiver, low-stage-side expansion valve, and low-stage-side evaporator connected by pipes, a cascade condenser including the high-stage-side evaporator and low-stage-side condenser, a receiver heat exchanging portion configured to cool the low-stage-side receiver, and a high-stage refrigeration cycle controller configured to perform controlling so as to activate the high-stage-side compressor when estimating a low-stage-side refrigerant will reach a supercritical state while the low-stage-side compressor his defrosted on the basis of the pressure of the low-stage-side refrigerant.

Abstract: A two-stage refrigeration apparatus includes a high-stage refrigeration cycle including a high-stage-side refrigerant circuit including a high-stage-side compressor, high-stage-side condenser, high-stage-side expansion valve, and high-stage-side evaporator connected by pipes, a low-stage refrigeration cycle including a low-stage-side refrigerant circuit including a low-stage-side compressor, low-stage-side condenser, low-stage-side receiver, low-stage-side expansion valve, and low-stage-side evaporator connected by pipes, a cascade condenser including the high-stage-side evaporator and low-stage-side condenser, a receiver heat exchanging portion configured to cool the low-stage-side receiver, and a high-stage refrigeration cycle controller configured to perform controlling so as to activate the high-stage-side compressor when estimating a low-stage-side refrigerant will reach a supercritical state when the low-stage-side compressor is inactive on the basis of the pressure of the low-stage-side refrigerant.

Abstract: A refrigeration apparatus includes a high-temperature side circulation circuit and a low-temperature side circulation circuit. The high-temperature side circulation circuit A is configured by connecting a high-temperature side compressor, a high-temperature side condenser, a high-temperature side expansion valve, and a high-temperature side evaporator of a cascade heat exchanger to one another. The low-temperature side circulation circuit is configured by connecting a low-temperature side compressor, a low-temperature side condenser of the cascade heat exchanger, a receiver that stores a liquid refrigerant, a solenoid valve, a low-temperature side expansion valve, and a low-temperature side evaporator to one another. A refrigerant in the low-temperature side circulation circuit includes a zeotropic refrigerant mixture containing at least CO2 and R32.

Abstract: A refrigerating apparatus includes a high-temperature side circuit and a low-temperature side circuit connected to each other via a cascade condenser, a low-temperature side second flow control valve that turns a refrigerant, passing through a liquid pipe connecting between a cooling unit and other circuit parts in a low-temperature side circuit b, into a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and an expansion tank connected to the suction side of a low-temperature circuit compressor via a tank electromagnetic valve.

Abstract: A steering wheel of the present invention is provided with: a spoke cored bar portion configured to couple a boss cored bar portion and a rim cored bar portion to each other. At least a surface of a respective one of the rim cored bar portion and the spoke cored bar portion is covered with a synthetic resin. An inclined longitudinal wall portion is coupled to the spoke cored bar portion at a connection portion, and at an intermediate part of the connection portion, an easily deformable portion is formed. In this manner, it is possible to provide a steering wheel which is not degraded in appearance quality, even if a rib for preventing shrinkage of a resin is increased in size, the steering wheel having an excellent dynamic performance thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cover body for airbag device that is capable of easily mounting an emblem that is provided with an emblem body having a narrow portion while ensuring its related mounting strength. A lock pin is protruded at a main body portion with a relatively large width of the emblem body. A hook pin is protruded at a narrow portion with a relatively small width of the emblem body. The lock pin is inserted into a first door portion and then is inserted into a thorough hole of a back plate on a rear face side. The hook pin is inserted into the first door portion, and is hooked therewith.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a steering wheel in which a decorative member is easily mounted and fixed to a steering main body without a need to employ fixing parts such as screws, and which is capable of effectively absorbing an impact by appropriately deforming the decorative member at the time of input of a load. The steering wheel of the present invention has: a plurality of engaging fixed units by which the decorative member is mounted and fixed to the steering main body's side via a fixing unit, and demounting of the fixing unit is restrained at the time of deformation of the decorative member; and an engaging unit which is arranged on a site configured to produce a bending deformation of the decorative member, and by which demounting is disallowed to be restrained at the time of deformation of the decorative member.

Abstract: A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus performs, even during a heating operation under air conditions leading to formation of frost, a defrosting operation while simultaneously continuing a heating operation and that improves comfort through heating by ensuring an appropriate amount of ventilation. A plurality of refrigeration cycles that are capable of independently performing a heating operation and a defrosting operation, are provided. A ventilation damper of an indoor unit in which a refrigeration cycle that performs a defrosting operation is installed is closed during a defrosting operation, and a ventilation damper of an indoor unit in which a refrigeration cycle that performs a heating operation is installed is controlled to achieve a required amount of ventilation corresponding to the indoor ventilation state.

Abstract: A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus performs, even during a heating operation under air conditions leading to formation of frost, a defrosting operation while simultaneously continuing the heating operation and improves comfort through heating by securing an appropriate amount of ventilation. A plurality of refrigeration cycles independently performs a heating operation and a defrosting operation. By controlling a ventilation damper of an indoor unit that is to perform a defrosting operation to increase the amount of ventilation, a prior ventilation operation for securing the time-averaged required amount of ventilation including the period in which the defrosting operation is being performed is performed before the defrosting operation, and after the prior ventilation is terminated, the defrosting operation is started.

Abstract: A cooling system of a fuel cell is provided with a main cooling flow passage and a bypass cooling flow passage which is arranged parallel with the main cooling flow passage and diverts the same coolant, as flow passages through which coolant flows. A radiator and a coolant circulation pump and the like are arranged in the main cooling flow passage. Coolant from the main cooling flow passage enters the bypass cooling flow passage and reaches a second heat exchanger via a case of a motor of an ACP and the like. At the second heat exchanger, heat exchange is also performed with a supply gas flow passage, after which the coolant returns to the main cooling flow passage. The manner in which the coolant is distributed can be changed depending on where the coolant is diverted from the main cooling flow passage and the arrangement of the circulation pump.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cover body for airbag device that is capable of easily mounting an emblem that is provided with an emblem body having a narrow portion while ensuring its related mounting strength. A lock pin is protruded at a main body portion with a relatively large width of the emblem body. A hook pin is protruded at a narrow portion with a relatively small width of the emblem body. The lock pin is inserted into a first door portion and then is inserted into a thorough hole of a back plate on a rear face side. The hook pin is inserted into the first door portion, and is hooked therewith.

Abstract: The moisture state of a fuel cell is determined without causing any variation in the supply state of the reactant gas to be supplied to the fuel cell. An output current control section temporarily performs a current sweep while maintaining the amount of oxidant gas to be supplied to the fuel cell. A resistance component calculation section calculates the resistance component in the fuel cell by using an output current value and an output voltage value of the fuel cell being that of when the current sweep is temporarily performed. A moisture content calculation section calculates the moisture content in the fuel cell by using the resistance component. A moisture content determination section determines whether or not the moisture content is equal to or lower than a dry state threshold value. A moisture content increasing processing section performs a moisture content increasing process when the moisture content is equal to or lower than the dry state threshold value.

Abstract: A refrigerating and air-conditioning apparatus includes multiple refrigeration cycles each including a compressor, a four-way valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reducing device, and an outdoor heat exchanger which are connected by a pipe, each refrigeration cycle being configured to be capable of performing a cooling operation and a heating operation, an outdoor fan configured to send air for heat exchange with the outdoor heat exchangers of the refrigeration cycles, multiple indoor fans arranged corresponding to the respective indoor heat exchangers of the refrigeration cycles, and a controller configured to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger of the at least one refrigeration cycle, control a rotation speed of the indoor fan corresponding to the refrigeration cycle performing the defrosting operation such that a temperature of air mixed by air-sending through the indoor fans reaches a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: This fuel cell system is for suppressing a backflow of water from an exhaust pipe outlet that discharges a reactant-off gas, without decreasing the performance and fuel consumption of a fuel cell, the exhaust pipe being configured to switch between a main discharge pipe and a sub discharge pipe by a switching means to discharge the reactant-off gas. The sub discharge pipe includes a rising gradient portion formed to incline upwards above a gradient of the main discharge pipe and a falling gradient portion formed to incline downwards at the downstream of the rising gradient portion. The switching valve switches to allow the reactant-off gas to be discharged from the main discharge pipe if an amount of reactant-off gas to be discharged is equal to or above a threshold value of an amount of discharge, and allow the reactant-off gas to be discharged from the sub discharge pipe if the amount of reactant-off gas to be discharged is below the threshold value of the amount of discharge.

Abstract: A cooling system of a fuel cell is provided with a main cooling flow passage and a bypass cooling flow passage which is arranged parallel with the main cooling flow passage and diverts the same coolant, as flow passages through which coolant flows. A radiator and a coolant circulation pump (WP) and the like are arranged in the main cooling flow passage. Coolant from the main cooling flow passage enters the bypass cooling flow passage and reaches a second heat exchanger via a case of a motor of an ACP and the like. At the second heat exchanger, heat exchange is also performed with a supply gas flow passage, after which the coolant returns to the main cooling flow passage. The manner in which the coolant is distributed can be changed depending on where the coolant is diverted from the main cooling flow passage and the arrangement of the circulation pump.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes: a fuel cell; a secondary cell that receives and stores surplus power by which output of the fuel cell is greater than power demanded of the system if the output is so, and that compensates for shortfall by which the output of the fuel cell is less than the power demanded of the system if the output is so; a voltage measurement portion that measures voltage of the fuel cell; a current measurement portion that measures current of the fuel cell; and a control portion that performs a control such that the voltage of the fuel cell does not exceed or equal a pre-set high-potential avoidance voltage. If a current-voltage characteristic of the fuel cell declines by at least a pre-determined amount from an early-period level, the control portion re-sets the high-potential avoidance voltage to a value that is smaller than an early-period set value.

Abstract: A temperature sensor detects the temperature of a coolant circulating in a coolant supply system of a fuel cell. A control unit monitors the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. When the temperature of the coolant is higher than a target temperature, the control section switches a rotary valve to a radiator-side flow path so that a radiator cools the coolant, and when the temperature of the coolant is lower than the target temperature, the control section switches the rotary valve to a bypass-side flow path to raise the temperature of the coolant through FC generation so that the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is equal to the target temperature. During the process above, in a low temperature environment, the target temperature is raised to a temperature that is higher than a target temperature during a normal operation, while a heater heats the coolant.

Abstract: This fuel cell system is for suppressing a backflow of water from an exhaust pipe outlet that discharges a reactant-off gas, without decreasing the performance and fuel consumption of a fuel cell, the exhaust pipe being configured to switch between a main discharge pipe and a sub discharge pipe by a switching means to discharge the reactant-off gas. The sub discharge pipe includes a rising gradient portion formed to incline upwards above a gradient of the main discharge pipe and a falling gradient portion formed to incline downwards at the downstream of the rising gradient portion. The switching valve switches to allow the reactant-off gas to be discharged from the main discharge pipe if an amount of reactant-off gas to be discharged is equal to or above a threshold value of an amount of discharge, and allow the reactant-off gas to be discharged from the sub discharge pipe if the amount of reactant-off gas to be discharged is below the threshold value of the amount of discharge.