Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polar nematic liquid crystal assembly. The liquid crystal assembly comprises 5˜7.5% by weight of a dopant having the structure of Formula 1 below: (wherein X is an alkyl, alkenyl or heteroalkyl group having three or more carbon atoms) and 92.5˜95% by weight of smectic liquid crystal molecules having a linear alkyl chain wherein the N-bonding moiety of the dopant is spontaneously bonded to the alkyl chain of the smectic liquid crystal molecules to induce macroscopic spontaneous polarization in a particular direction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polar nematic liquid crystal assembly. The liquid crystal assembly comprises 5˜7.5% by weight of a dopant having the structure of Formula 1 below: (wherein X is an alkyl, alkenyl or heteroalkyl group having three or more carbon atoms) and 92.5˜95% by weight of smectic liquid crystal molecules having a linear alkyl chain wherein the N-bonding moiety of the dopant is spontaneously bonded to the alkyl chain of the smectic liquid crystal molecules to induce macroscopic spontaneous polarization in a particular direction.

Abstract: A method of aligning liquid crystals is disclosed. The method includes forming an optically active compound-containing polymeric film to be used as an aligning layer on a surface of each of a lower substrate and an upper substrate; irradiating circularly polarized light on the polymeric film to obliquely align the optically active compound contained relative to the substrate surface to form the aligning layer; positioning the lower substrate and the upper substrate in opposite to each other such that the polymeric film on the lower substrate is opposite to the polymeric film on the upper substrate; and pouring a liquid crystal between the substrates, thereby to obliquely align molecules of the liquid crystal due to the optically active compound aligned.