Abstract: A virus infection examination apparatus includes a microscope for observing fluorescent images of antigen positive and negative cells dyed with a fluor by an indirect fluorescent antibody method using a serum of an object to be examined. An image pickup unit converts the fluorescent images as observation images of the microscope into image data. A detection unit processes the image data obtained by the image pickup unit and detects intracellular luminance distributions. A determination unit determines the presence/absence of a virus infection of the object on the basis of a difference between the fluorescent luminance distributions detected by the detecting unit.

Abstract: In the invention, the sewing machine carries out winding of the thread by operating separately a thread winding mechanism and a clutch mechanism. A speed detector is provided to measure actual rotary speed of a mechanism which is related with rotation of an upper shaft. If the thread winding were carried out, while said mechanism is left as engaged with a power source of the sewing machine, the speed detector would detect the rotation of said mechanism to stop a machine motor instantaneously, so that the thread winding cannot be performed when said relative mechansim is not released from the power source, and the needle bar is not actuated at winding the thread for safety in operation.