Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element, in which reduction in drive voltage is achieved, is provided. The organic electroluminescent element has an organic layer 20 between an anode 11 and a cathode 31, and the organic layer 20 has a structure where an n-doped layer 21, a hole transport layer 22, a light emitting layer 23, and an electron transport layer 24 are stacked in order from an anode 11 side. The n-doped layer 21 contains hexacyanohexaazatriphenylene and 4,4?,4?-tris(3-methylphenylphenylamino)triphenylamine. When an electric field is applied to the organic layer 20, holes from the anode 11 are efficiently sufficiently injected into the light emitting layer 23.

Abstract: A display unit that secures favorable display performance and has a simple structure is provided. The display unit includes a multilayer structure in which an organic light emitting device group respectively having a plurality of organic light emitting devices that emits cyan light and a plurality of organic light emitting devices that emits magenta light and a color filter group having a plurality of blue filters that transmit blue light and a plurality of yellow filters that transmit yellow light are sequentially layered. In the display unit, the cyan light and the magenta light entering from the organic light emitting device group to the color filter group is converted to blue light by the blue filter, and is respectively converted to green light and red light by the yellow filter. Therefore, compared to a case that the organic light emitting device group emits white light, color separation is more facilitated.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device, includes: an anode and a cathode of inorganic conducting material; an organic emission functional layer interposed between the anode and the cathode, and that includes an organic emissive layer; and an organic electrode film provided in contact with an outer side of at least one of the anode and the cathode, wherein the organic electrode film is formed using at least one of (I) a combination of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound having a backbone of 3- to 7-membered rings, and a benzoimidazole derivative having a substituent in the benzene ring, and (II) an azatriphenylene derivative.

Abstract: A coil bobbin to which an immobilizer coil is mounted, coil connecting terminals to which ends of the coil are connected, a fixed contact, a terminal for the fixed contact and connector terminals are integrally formed by resin molding into a coil bobbin integrated type insulator. Then, the coil connecting terminals, the terminal for the fixed contact, and the connector terminals are respectively soldered to a wiring board. All of them are incorporated in a body. In this manner, stress exerted on the soldered areas between the coil connecting terminals and the wiring board can be moderated to the substantially same extent as stress exerted on the soldered areas between the terminal for the fixed contact and the connector terminals, and the wiring board.

Abstract: There is provided a display capable of protecting a light-emitting device by a protective film having good sealing characteristics and sidewall step coverage and preventing deterioration of the light-emitting device, thereby maintaining good display characteristics. A display device 1 including an organic electroluminescence device 3 provided on a substrate 2 and protected by a protective film 4 is characterized in that the protective film 4 is composed of silicon nitride films 4a, 4b, and 4c formed in layers by a chemical vapor deposition method using an ammonia gas, the high-density silicon nitride film 4c is provided in a surface layer of the protective film 4, and the low-density silicon nitride film 4b having a lower density than that of the high-density silicon nitride film 4c is provided below it.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display including multilayer structures that are each formed in a respective one of pixel areas in an effective area of a substrate and are each formed by a lower electrode, an organic layer, and an upper electrode, the organic electroluminescence display having a common electrode that electrically connects the pixel areas, the method including the steps of: forming a protective electrode and an outer-peripheral electrode that are electrically connected to the common electrode; forming the multilayer structures; and carrying out film deposition treatment involving electrification of the substrate.

Abstract: A piston ring is formed with a nitrided layer over all surfaces and formed with a composite chromium plating film over the nitrided layer in the outer circumferential surface. The composite chromium plating film has a network of cracks formed on the outer surface and interior. Spherical alumina particles are fixed in these cracks. The average size of the spherical alumina particles is 0.7 to 10 .mu.m and the dispersion ratio of the spherical alumina particles is 3 to 15 percent by volume.

Abstract: A piston ring formed with a nitrided layer over all surfaces and formed with a composite chromium plating film over the nitrided layer in the outer circumferential surface. The composite chromium plating film has a network of cracks formed on the outer surface and interior. Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 particles are fixed in these cracks. The average size of the Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 particles is 0.8 to 3 .mu.m and the dispersion ratio of the Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 particles is 3 to 15 percent by volume.

Abstract: An outer circumferential surface of a piston ring is covered with a physical vapor deposition film, chemical vapor deposition film or composite chromium plating film. The physical vapor deposition film or chemical vapor deposition film consists of chromium or titanium nitrides (for instance CrN, Cr.sub.2 N, a mixture of Cr and Cr.sub.2 N, TiN) or carbides (for instance CrC, TiC). The composite chromium plating film contains carbides (for instance SiC) or nitrides (for instance Si.sub.3 N.sub.4) or oxides (for instance Al.sub.2 O.sub.3) in cracks in the film. A cylinder liner is made of spheroidal graphite cast iron.

Abstract: A changing rate of the ratio of the respective winding radii of the magnetic tape wound around the supply reel and the take-up reel at the same time is detected and used to control the stopping of the tape. When the changing rate exceeds a predetermined value, it is determined that the magnetic tape is short. Then, the transport speed is reduced to a speed which permits the tape to be stopped quickly.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit is formed on a semiconductor chip (1) and it includes: a plurality of mat regions (A to T) each including a plurality of circuit elements (10 to 13); partition regions (4) for spacing the mat regions (A to T) from each other; and a pair of power supply line (2) and ground line (3) disposed on each of the partition regions (4). An electronic circuit formed on the semiconductor chip (1) includes circuit blocks having different functions but it is designed for a unit of each mat (A to T) not for a unit of each circuit block.

Abstract: A video tape recorder is associated with a monitor to provide sub-picture images at portions of the monitor screen for use in editing a recorded tape by inserting an input video signal. First and second memories are provided with respective capacities sufficient to store a field or frame of a video signal reproduced from the tape or of an input video signal, and writing and reading of the memories are controlled to provide sub-picture signals for display at the respective portions of the monitor screen. When playback or playback-pause modes are selected, one of the sub-picture screen portions displays the reproduced video signal as a moving picture or as a still picture, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of analyzing a reaction rate in chemical analysis, in which a plurality of time region bands wherein the reaction rate is measured are set to be different in time series, a sample high in active value is calculated based on the data contained in the region band positioned forward in time series, and a sample low or normal in active value is calculated based on the data contained in the region positioned backward in the time series.

Abstract: A tracking control system is capable of simplification of tracking operations for a recording and/or reproduction apparatus, such as VTR. The tracking control system employs an up-switch and a down-switch for increasing and decreasing tracking control or adjustment magnitude. This simplifies tracking operations to be performed by the user. The tracking control system additionally facilites with the feature of instantly setting the tracking control system at a predetermined position. Instant setting operation is performed by operating the up-switch and down-switch simultaneously.

Abstract: An automatic chemical analyzer performs calibration by comparing a measured value obtained by measuring a reaction solution, obtained by reacting a sample with a reagent, with a calibration curve corresponding to the analysis item. In the apparatus, a desired number of analysis items and calibration intervals corresponding to the analysis items are set by an input device, and stored in the memory. A control device has a counting device, and checks if the calibration interval stored in the memory has elapsed for each analysis item so as to supply calibration alarm data and/or calibration indication data in accordance with the checking result and upon interlocking with the counting device. A display displays at least one of the above data.